VOA慢速英语2019--The Words In and Into

 

Welcome back, everyone!

Last week, I answered a question from a reader about the prepositions on and onto. The other part of the question was about two more prepositions: in and into. So, today I will talk about them. Then, I will offer a tip on when to use all four words.

First, here is the question again, from last week:

Question:

I would like to know when I should use in, into, on or onto. Thanks.

Answer:

Thank you again for the question!

As you may know, a preposition is a word that is used to show direction, position or time.

Like many English prepositions, in and into have more than one meaning. But to compare their uses, we need to focus on two things: position and direction.

The first thing to know is that in is about position and into is about direction.

In

We use the word in to show the position of something within or inside a larger place or area. In suggests the person or thing is at rest. So, we use verbs that suggest being at rest.

Listen to a few examples:

I am sitting in a coffee house writing a story.

The iguana¹ is hiding in the tree.

Oh no! I left my metro² card in the house.

Into

The word into suggests movement toward something. We use it when a person or thing moves from an area outside to the inside.

Here are a few examples:

I walked into the coffee house and ordered a latte.

The iguana jumped into the water and swam away.

Oh no! My phone just fell into the sink.

You will probably hear English speakers using the word in when they really mean into. For example, someone might say:

Oh no! My phone just fell in the sink.

Into is more correct. But, in speech, in is a lot more common with some motion-related verbs, such as fall and put.

On, In, Onto, Into

And now for the tip:

Use the words on and in for position or location. The person or thing is usually at rest, so the verb usually does not suggest movement.

Use onto and into for direction. The person or thing is moving toward something. So, the verbs will suggest movement.

And that’s Ask a Teacher.

I’m Alice Bryant.

Words in This Story

tip – n. a piece of advice or useful information

focus – v. to direct your attention or effort at something specific

iguana – n. a large lizard³ that lives in the tropical regions of North, Central and South America

sink – n. a wide bowl that has a faucet⁴ for water and a drain at the bottom

location – n. a place or position

1 iguana   

n.美洲大蜥蜴，鬣鳞蜥

参考例句：

• With an iguana,you really don't have to say surprise.惊喜两字已经不足以形容这只鬣鳞蜥了。
• I'm going to turn on my computer and make a movie starring my pet iguanadj.打开计算机准备制作一部关于我的宠物蜥蜴的电影。

2 metro   

n.地铁；adj.大都市的；(METRO)麦德隆(财富500强公司之一总部所在地德国，主要经营零售)

参考例句：

• Can you reach the park by metro?你可以乘地铁到达那个公园吗？
• The metro flood gate system is a disaster prevention equipment.地铁防淹门系统是一种防灾设备。

3 lizard   

n.蜥蜴，壁虎

参考例句：

• A chameleon is a kind of lizard.变色龙是一种蜥蜴。
• The lizard darted out its tongue at the insect.蜥蜴伸出舌头去吃小昆虫。

4 faucet   

n.水龙头

参考例句：

• The faucet has developed a drip.那个水龙头已经开始滴水了。
• She turned off the faucet and dried her hands.她关掉水龙头，把手擦干。