UN Concerned About Outbreak of Disease in Iraq

Broadcast: Mar¹ 28 2003

 

United Nations health officials are concerned about the outbreak of disease from poor water and ¹⁾sanitation² conditions in Iraq if the war ²⁾drags on. But so far, they say, conditions are stable.

The World Health Organization's Ghulam Popal has run the WHO operation inside Iraq since 1999. He says the health situation so far appears to be under control in the north of the country.

But he is concerned about the situation in Baghdad and areas farther south. He says hospitals in the Iraqi capital are overburdened. "There is no acute shortage of items but hospitals are overcrowded, overloaded³, overstretched," he said. "And we are afraid that if the situation continues as such they will not be able to cope with the treatment of the high number of cases."

Mr. Popal and international WHO staff had to leave Baghdad just before the war started. He says 330 Iraqi national employees continue to provide technical and logistical support to local health facilities. They are in daily contact by phone, radio and e-mail.

Before the war, the World Health Organization and other U.N. relief agencies managed to

^3）stockpile medical supplies inside Iraq to meet the basic health needs of one million people for three months. There are also emergency stocks in neighboring countries for several hundred thousand more. But Mr. Popal says it is not that much, considering Iraq's population surpasses 24 million.

Mr. Popal warns of a health crisis in the southern city of Basra even though medical supplies were stockpiled there too. He cites the power cuts and insufficient⁴ supply of clean drinking water, which could spark an outbreak of waterborn diseases.

WHO rapid assessment⁵ teams, he says, are still not able to reach the city because of fighting around the area.

Mr.Ghulam Popal also highlights what he calls the indirect health risks of war. "The mass media focus mainly on the direct consequences of this war, direct like wounded and deaths, which is not that high a number," he said. "But indirect impact of this war is very, very high. We have communication with our staff and they are telling us stories that most of the children cannot sleep until the morning. They are screaming. They are afraid. They are fighten. And they have many nightmares. Women as well, particularly pregnant women, are very much  ^4）vulnerable to this situation. People are afraid to go to their health facilities because of the ^5）bombardments."

Mr. Popal says the Iraqi population is more vulnerable to a health crisis now than before the Iraqi Gulf⁶ war.

He says that before 1990, Iraq's health care system was one of the best in the region. But destruction during the 1991 Gulf war and 12 years of sanctions have taken a toll⁷. "So this is our fear," he continued. "The consequences will be much higher than 1991 because in 1990 when the war started they had a good health system. The people were strong with high resistance. Now the people are very weak. The economy is weak. The nutrition status is very bad. The diseases are very common. The water situation is not good. Sanitation is not good. So the consequences will be very, very high."

The WHO official says the U.N.-sponsored oil-for-food program set up in 1996 has helped to stabilize⁸ the situation, but it was suspended when war ^6）erupted. Mr. Popal says it is critical to get it running again and points out the program distributes both food and basic medicines.

On a personal note, he remembers how hard it was when U.N. orders were issued to leave Iraq on March 18. "I was the last want to be evacuated," said Ghulam Popal. " the last convoy⁹ in the last car. It was a very emotional time to leave our national staff, hundreds of them, and also to leave behind the people who at this very difficult time need our help."

Mr. Popal is not sure when he will be able to return to Baghdad. That decision, he says, will depend on a U.N. assessment of the security situation once the fighting ends.

Laurie Kassman VOA news, Amman.

 

1) sanitation [sAni5teiFEn]n.卫生, 卫生设施

2) drags on时间拖得很长

3) stockpile [5stCkpail]n.积蓄, 库存vt.储蓄, 贮存

4) vulnerable [5vQlnErEb(E)l]adj.易受攻击的, 易受...的攻击

5) bombardment[bCm5bB:dmEnt]n.炮击, 轰击

6) erupt[i5rQpt]vt.喷出vi.爆发

1 mar   

vt.破坏，毁坏，弄糟

参考例句：

• It was not the custom for elderly people to mar the picnics with their presence.大人们照例不参加这样的野餐以免扫兴。
• Such a marriage might mar your career.这样的婚姻说不定会毁了你的一生。

2 sanitation   

n.公共卫生，环境卫生，卫生设备

参考例句：

• The location is exceptionally poor,viewed from the sanitation point.从卫生角度来看，这个地段非常糟糕。
• Many illnesses are the result,f inadequate sanitation.许多疾病都来源于不健全的卫生设施。

3 overloaded   

a.超载的，超负荷的

参考例句：

• He's overloaded with responsibilities. 他担负的责任过多。
• She has overloaded her schedule with work, study, and family responsibilities. 她的日程表上排满了工作、学习、家务等，使自己负担过重。

4 insufficient   

adj.(for，of)不足的，不够的

参考例句：

• There was insufficient evidence to convict him.没有足够证据给他定罪。
• In their day scientific knowledge was insufficient to settle the matter.在他们的时代，科学知识还不能足以解决这些问题。

5 assessment   

n.评价；评估；对财产的估价，被估定的金额

参考例句：

• This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。
• What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？

6 gulf   

n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂

参考例句：

• The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
• There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

7 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

8 stabilize   

vt.（使）稳定，使稳固，使稳定平衡；vi.稳定

参考例句：

• They are eager to stabilize currencies.他们急于稳定货币。
• His blood pressure tended to stabilize.他的血压趋向稳定。

9 convoy   

vt.护送，护卫，护航；n.护送；护送队

参考例句：

• The convoy was snowed up on the main road.护送队被大雪困在干路上了。
• Warships will accompany the convoy across the Atlantic.战舰将护送该船队过大西洋。