VOA常速英语2016--南苏丹冲突致更多人无家可归 人道主义紧急援助迫在眉睫

南苏丹冲突致更多人无家可归 人道主义紧急援助迫在眉睫

The people of South Sudan are in trouble.

南苏丹人民正生活在水深火热之中。

More than two decades of north-south conflict followed by over two years of factional fighting have further weakened an already fragile nation.

20多年北方同南方的冲突，紧随其后的是2年多的派系之争让这个本就脆弱不堪的国家雪上加霜。

The insecurity has limited farmers' access to plant their fields and devastated¹ livestock², resulting in inadequate³ food production.

不安定的局势使得农民们无法前往田地，畜牧业遭到破坏，因此造成粮食产量不足。

Today, South Sudan has the world's highest inflation rates.

如今，南苏丹有着世界最高的通货膨胀率。

“South Sudan's economy is collapsing⁴, its people struggle to find enough to eat, and human rights violations⁵ and abuses continue with impunity,”

“南苏丹的经济正在崩溃，人们到处寻找食物，而且亵渎及践踏人权不会受到惩罚，”

said Bob Leavitt, USAID Deputy Assistant Administrator⁶ for Democracy, Conflict, and Humanitarian⁷ Assistance.

美国国际开发署负责民主、冲突及人道主义救援事务的副助理署长鲍勃?利维特说道。

To date, some 2.5 million South Sudanese have fled their homes, in search of food and safe haven⁸ from violence.

迄今为止，大约有250万名南苏丹人逃离自己的家园，寻找着食物及远离暴力流血事件的容身之所。

This year, half the country's population, over 6 million people, need humanitarian assistance.

今年，多达600多万名南苏丹人需要人道主义援助，占整个国家总人口的一半。

The United States is South Sudan's largest donor⁹.

而美国是南苏丹的最大捐赠国。

Working through the U.S. Agency for International Development, or USAID, and in collaboration¹⁰ with various partners, the U.S. government has so far provided nearly 1.6 billion in humanitarian assistance for conflict-affected people in South Sudan and South Sudanese refugees.

在USAID，即美国国际开发署同各方的共同努力下，美国政府已经向这个国家饱受战乱折磨的人民及难民提供近16亿美元的人道主义援助。

But the going has been tough, partly because it is so difficult to reach many of the communities most in need of aid.

但这条援助之路并非一帆风顺，部分原因是救援人员很难进入那些最需要援助的社区。

One of the reasons is because although the parties to the conflict “are obligated under the peace agreement to allow humanitarian aid to flow without interference, aid workers continue to deal with lengthy¹¹ negotiations¹², numerous checkpoints along major supply routes, and other obstacles, such as informal taxation¹³ and harassment,” said Deputy Assistant Administrator Leavitt.

“其中一个原因是，虽然和平协议规定冲突各方有义务允许人道主义援助不受干扰的进入，但在主要补给路线上，救援人员仍然需要面对冗长的谈判过程、无数的检查点，还有非正式征税及干扰等其它障碍。”副助理署长鲍勃?利维特说道。

“While we have been able to reach communities trapped in the crossfire¹⁴ through ad-hoc negotiations, parties to the conflict have not yet demonstrated the political will to grant full and unfettered access nationwide.”

“虽然我们可以通过特殊谈判途径抵达受困于双方战火之中的社区，但冲突各方尚未表现出完全允许救援人员自由进出全国各地的政治意愿。”

The United States is committed to helping¹⁵ the people of South Sudan get through this crisis and get back on their feet.

美国正致力于帮助南苏丹人民渡过这场危机并重新振作起来。

“We urge the government to prioritize humanitarian access so that we can reach those who most need our help,” said Deputy Assistant Administrator Leavitt.

“我们敦促政府优先考虑人道主义救援进入，这样我们就为那些最需要的人提供帮助。”副助理署长鲍勃?利维特说道。

“Our assistance to people in desperate need in South Sudan is saving lives. We will continue to invest in the people of South Sudan and their efforts to build a more prosperous, peaceful future.”

“为南苏丹迫切需要帮助的人提供援助就是在拯救生命。我们将继续支持南苏丹人民并帮助他们努力建立一个更加繁荣、和平的未来。”

1 devastated   

v.彻底破坏( devastate的过去式和过去分词)；摧毁；毁灭；在感情上（精神上、财务上等）压垮adj.毁坏的；极为震惊的

参考例句：

• The bomb devastated much of the old part of the city. 这颗炸弹炸毁了旧城的一大片地方。
• His family is absolutely devastated. 他的一家感到极为震惊。

2 livestock   

n.家畜，牲畜

参考例句：

• Both men and livestock are flourishing.人畜两旺。
• The heavy rains and flooding killed scores of livestock.暴雨和大水淹死了许多牲口。

3 inadequate   

adj.(for,to)不充足的，不适当的

参考例句：

• The supply is inadequate to meet the demand.供不应求。
• She was inadequate to the demands that were made on her.她还无力满足对她提出的各项要求。

4 collapsing   

压扁[平]，毁坏，断裂

参考例句：

• Rescuers used props to stop the roof of the tunnel collapsing. 救援人员用支柱防止隧道顶塌陷。
• The rocks were folded by collapsing into the center of the trough. 岩石由于坍陷进入凹槽的中心而发生褶皱。

5 violations   

违反( violation的名词复数 )； 冒犯； 违反（行为、事例）； 强奸

参考例句：

• This is one of the commonest traffic violations. 这是常见的违反交通规则之例。
• These violations of the code must cease forthwith. 这些违犯法规的行为必须立即停止。

6 administrator   

n.经营管理者，行政官员

参考例句：

• The role of administrator absorbed much of Ben's energy.行政职务耗掉本很多精力。
• He has proved himself capable as administrator.他表现出管理才能。

7 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

8 haven   

n.安全的地方，避难所，庇护所

参考例句：

• It's a real haven at the end of a busy working day.忙碌了一整天后，这真是一个安乐窝。
• The school library is a little haven of peace and quiet.学校的图书馆是一个和平且安静的小避风港。

9 donor   

n.捐献者；赠送人；(组织、器官等的)供体

参考例句：

• In these cases,the recipient usually takes care of the donor afterwards.在这类情况下，接受捐献者以后通常会照顾捐赠者。
• The Doctor transplanted the donor's heart to Mike's chest cavity.医生将捐赠者的心脏移植进麦克的胸腔。

10 collaboration   

n.合作，协作；勾结

参考例句：

• The two companies are working in close collaboration each other.这两家公司密切合作。
• He was shot for collaboration with the enemy.他因通敌而被枪毙了。

11 lengthy   

adj.漫长的，冗长的

参考例句：

• We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。
• The professor wrote a lengthy book on Napoleon.教授写了一部有关拿破仑的巨著。

12 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

13 taxation   

n.征税，税收，税金

参考例句：

• He made a number of simplifications in the taxation system.他在税制上作了一些简化。
• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。

14 crossfire   

n.被卷进争端

参考例句：

• They say they are caught in the crossfire between the education establishment and the government.他们称自己被卷进了教育机构与政府之间的争端。
• When two industrial giants clash,small companies can get caught in the crossfire.两大工业企业争斗之下，小公司遭受池鱼之殃。

15 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。