VOA常速英语2017--特朗普反堕胎 恢复“墨西哥城政策”

President was to reinstate what is known as the Mexico City Policy. That policy, named for the city where it was first introduced by President Ronald Reagan in 1984, bars family planning funding from the State Department or the U.S. Agency for International Development to foreign nongovernmental organizations that perform or promote abortion¹.

特朗普总统将恢复实行墨西哥城政策(Mexico City Policy)。该政策是里根总统1984年首次在墨西哥城推出的，故而得名墨西哥城政策。这项政策禁止美国国务院或美国国际开发署(USAID)向国外那些实行或推行堕胎的非政府组织进行家庭计划方面的拨款。

Under President Trump², that policy has been expanded. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson has approved a plan that widens the prohibition³ against funding to foreign nongovernmental organizations that perform or actively⁴ promote abortion as a method of family planning to include global health assistance provided by all U.S. departments or agencies. This means that $8.8 billion dollars in funds for international health programs, such as those for HIV/AIDS, maternal⁵ and child health, malaria⁶, global health security, family planning, and reproductive health are subject to the policy, now called Protecting Life in Global Health Assistance.

在特朗普总统的领导下，这项政策得到了延展。国务卿蒂勒森已审批通过了一项计划，该计划加大了对向国外实行或积极推行堕胎的非政府组织拨款的禁止力度，因为这些非政府组织将这种做法作为家庭计划的手段，以获得由美国各部委提供的全球健康援助。这就意味着，以下国际健康项目所对应的88亿美元资金也由这项政策统筹部署，包括艾滋病项目、母婴健康项目、疟疾项目、全球健康安全项目、家庭计划项目、生殖健康项目。现在，这项政策有了新的名字“捍卫国际健康援助中的生命”(Protecting Life in Global Health Assistance)。

To receive global health assistance funding from the U.S. government, foreign nongovernmental organizations must agree not to perform or actively promote abortion as a method of family planning, or provide financial support to another foreign nongovernmental organization that conducts such activities.

要想获得美国政府的全球健康援助资金，那么国外的非政府组织就必须承诺不会再将堕胎作为家庭计划的一种手段来实行或积极推行，还要承诺不会向有类似行为的国外非政府组织提供资金支持。

Protecting Life in Global Health Assistance provides exemptions⁷ for abortions⁸ conducted in cases of rape⁹, incest, or endangerment of the life of the woman. It also exempts¹⁰ national and sub-national governments, public international organizations, and other multilateral entities¹¹ in which sovereign nations participate, as well as humanitarian¹² assistance.

不过，“捍卫国际健康援助中的生命”不针对因遭到强奸和近亲通婚怀孕而要堕胎的情况，也不针对女性命悬一线的情况。同时，该政策还向国家政府、地方政府、国际公共组织、其他多边实体敞开大门，因为这其中有主权国家和人道主义援助的参与。

U.S. officials made clear that the policy will have no impact on the total amount of U.S. government funding for global health programs. Departments and agencies will reprogram to other organizations any funding they would have awarded to foreign nongovernmental organizations that do not agree to the terms of Protecting Life in Global Health Assistance. The State Department will undertake a thorough and comprehensive review of the effectiveness and impact of the policy's application over the next six months.

美国多位官员明确表示，这项政策不会对美国政府在全球健康项目中的总投入资金有任何影响。如果任何国外机构不符合“捍卫国际健康援助中的生命”的规定，美国各部委会将向其划拨的资金分配给其他机构。未来半年中，美国国务院会对该政策实行的效力和影响做充分全面的审查。

The United States remains¹³ deeply committed to supporting health programs around the world.

美国始终深切致力于支持全球的健康项目。

1 abortion   

n.流产，堕胎

参考例句：

• She had an abortion at the women's health clinic.她在妇女保健医院做了流产手术。
• A number of considerations have led her to have a wilful abortion.多种考虑使她执意堕胎。

2 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

3 prohibition   

n.禁止；禁令，禁律

参考例句：

• The prohibition against drunken driving will save many lives.禁止酒后开车将会减少许多死亡事故。
• They voted in favour of the prohibition of smoking in public areas.他们投票赞成禁止在公共场所吸烟。

4 actively   

adv.积极地，勤奋地

参考例句：

• During this period all the students were actively participating.在这节课中所有的学生都积极参加。
• We are actively intervening to settle a quarrel.我们正在积极调解争执。

5 maternal   

adj.母亲的，母亲般的，母系的，母方的

参考例句：

• He is my maternal uncle.他是我舅舅。
• The sight of the hopeless little boy aroused her maternal instincts.那个绝望的小男孩的模样唤起了她的母性。

6 malaria   

n.疟疾

参考例句：

• He had frequent attacks of malaria.他常患疟疾。
• Malaria is a kind of serious malady.疟疾是一种严重的疾病。

7 exemptions   

n.（义务等的）免除( exemption的名词复数 )；免（税）；（收入中的）免税额

参考例句：

• The exemptions for interpretive rules, policy statements, and procedural rules have just been discussed. 有关解释性规则、政策说明和程序规则的免责我们刚刚讨论过。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
• A: The regulation outlines specific exemptions for some WPM. 答：该规定概述了某些木质包装材料的特定的例外情形。 来自互联网

8 abortions   

n.小产( abortion的名词复数 )；小产胎儿；（计划）等中止或夭折；败育

参考例句：

• The Venerable Master: By not having abortions, by not killing living beings. 上人：不堕胎、不杀生。 来自互联网
• Conclusion Chromosome abnormality is one of the causes of spontaneous abortions. 结论：染色体异常是导致反复自然流产的原因之一。 来自互联网

9 rape   

n.抢夺，掠夺，强奸；vt.掠夺，抢夺，强奸

参考例句：

• The rape of the countryside had a profound ravage on them.对乡村的掠夺给他们造成严重创伤。
• He was brought to court and charged with rape.他被带到法庭并被指控犯有强奸罪。

10 exempts   

使免除[豁免]( exempt的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• This privilege, however, exempts only predecisional documents. 然而，此特权只免除那些文件在作出决定之前的披露责任。
• Function effectiveness: After then special-purpose, exempts the flushing formula. 功能效用：便后专用，免冲洗配方。

11 entities   

实体对像； 实体，独立存在体，实际存在物( entity的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Our newspaper and our printing business form separate corporate entities. 我们的报纸和印刷业形成相对独立的企业实体。
• The North American continent is made up of three great structural entities. 北美大陆是由三个构造单元组成的。

12 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

13 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。