2016年经济学人 联合国对朝鲜进行极严厉的制裁 西班牙联合政府或面临重新选举

 

The European Union announced that it will provide 700m ($760m) in aid to accommodate migrants in countries overwhelmed by the refugee crisis. Most of the money is expected to go to Greece. Angela Merkel, Germany's chancellor¹, scolded Austria and other countries for clamping down on refugee arrivals, and vowed² not to abandon Greece.

欧盟宣布将向深陷难民危机的国家提供7亿欧元（7.6亿美元）的难民安置援助。该援助的一大部分将给希腊。德国总理安吉拉·默克尔（Angela Merkel）谴责奥地利等国家抵制难民入境的行为，并承诺不会放弃对希腊的援助。

The leader of Spain's Socialist³ Party, Pedro Sánchez, failed in his first attempt to form a minority government with the upstart centrist Ciudadanos party. Both the centre-right Popular Party and the far-left Podemos party voted against the proposed coalition⁴ in parliament. If Mr Sánchez fails again in a second vote planned for March 4th, the caretaker government will probably call new elections.

西班牙工人社会党（ Socialist Party）领导人彼得罗·桑切斯（Pedro Sánchez）与新兴中立公民党（Ciudadanos party）首次尝试组建少数党政府，但最终以失败告终。在议会上，西班牙中右翼人民党（Popular Party）和极左翼我们可以党（Podemos party ）都对拟议的联合提出了反对。如果桑切斯在3月4日的第二次投票中再次失败，临时政府将很可能进行新的选举。

Ireland's governing coalition of the Fine Gael and Labour parties suffered a stinging electoral defeat, dropping from a combined 113 seats to 57. The opposition⁵ Fianna Fáil party, which came second with 44 seats, vowed not to join a coalition with Fine Gael, leaving no clear direction for forming a new government.

一场激烈的选举后，由爱尔兰统一党（Fine Gael ）和工党（Labour parties ）组成的执政联盟遭遇惨败，执政联盟的议席从113个跌到57个。反对党共和党（Fianna Fáil party）得到44个议席，列位第二，但该党承诺不会与统一党联盟，这使得新政府组建的局势不明朗。

The EU and America revealed details of their proposed deal for companies to share digital information, which replaces the Safe Harbour agreement that was thrown out by Europe's courts. Officials said the deal contains measures to protect stricter European privacy guarantees.

近日，欧盟和美国公布了企业间共享数字信息的提案协议，取代此前被欧盟法庭否决的《安全港》（Safe Harbour）协议。官员称这项协议拟有措施，捍卫欧洲更严苛的隐私保障体系。

Argentina reached an agreement in principle to pay four of the largest creditors⁶ whose refusal to accept earlier debt-restructuring offers precipitated⁷ a default by the country in 2014. Argentina is to pay Elliott Management, a hedge fund, and three other holdouts $4.7 billion, 25% less than they are claiming. If the deal goes through, Argentina will be able to resume borrowing on international credit markets.

2014年，阿根廷四位主要债权人拒绝了初期提出的债务重组计划，导致该国债务违约。近日，阿根廷政府一致同意偿付四位主要债权人的相应债务，将支付对冲基金埃利奥特管理公司以及其他三家公司47亿美元，这比索赔额要少25%。如果此协议通过，阿根廷便可以重返国际信贷市场借贷。

Police in Colombia arrested Santiago Uribe, the brother of álvaro Uribe, a former president, for allegedly leading a paramilitary group suspected of murdering criminals and anti-government guerrillas in the 1990s. Santiago Uribe denies the charges; his supporters say his arrest is motivated by politics. álvaro Uribe, who is now a senator, opposes the government's plan to end the conflict with the FARC rebels.

哥伦比亚警方逮捕了前总统阿尔瓦罗·乌里韦（álvaro Uribe）的哥哥圣地亚哥·乌里韦（Santiago Uribe），据称他在20世纪90年代领导了一个准军事组织涉嫌杀害罪犯和反政府游击队。圣地亚哥否认了这些罪名。他的支持者表示他是由于政治原因被捕。现为参议员的阿尔瓦罗反对政府与哥伦比亚革命武装叛军和解的计划。

The Jamaica Labour Party won the country's election, defeating the governing People's National Party. Andrew Holness, Jamaica's new prime minister, campaigned against the PNP government's austerity programme and promised to exempt⁸ from income tax 72% of the Jamaicans who pay it.

牙买加工党战胜人民民族党（People's National Party）赢得大选。牙买加新任总理安德鲁·霍尼斯（Andrew Holness）反对人民民族党政府的紧缩计划，并允诺免除牙买加人民72%的收入所得税。

A ceasefire in Syria went into effect on February 27th. Despite numerous small violations⁹, it appeared to be holding, allowing a smoother delivery of aid.

2月27日，叙利亚冲突各方正式停火。尽管仍有无数违背协议的行为，但停火局面依旧维持，以方便救助物资顺利送达。

In Iran moderates did well in elections to the parliament, inflicting¹⁰ defeats on hardliners despite their attempts to stop the moderates from standing¹¹. The parliament has only limited powers, but reformists were nonetheless cheered.

尽管遭到强硬派的阻挠，伊朗温和派在议会选举中表现不凡，挫败了强硬派。虽然议会权力有限，但对于改革主义者来说，这无疑是一个好消息。

Jihadists from al-Shabab killed at least 30 people when they detonated two bombs in the Somali town of Baidoa.

青年党圣战主义者在索马里拜多亚（Baidoa）引爆两枚炸弹，至少30人遇难。

Concerns increased that civil war may break out in Burundi after protests and violence over a decision by Pierre Nkurunziza to run for a third term as president. In the latest escalation¹² of troubles, the government ordered all foreign nationals to give their details to the police.

继皮埃尔·恩库伦齐扎（Pierre Nkurunziza）决定第三次竞选总统遭到民众抗议甚至引发暴力事件之后，国际社会越来越担心布隆迪可能会发生内战。在最近的冲突升级中，政府要求所有外籍人士须向警方报告自己的详细信息。

Robert Mugabe, the president of Zimbabwe and the world's oldest head of state, celebrated¹³ his 92nd birthday with a lavish¹⁴ party and a 92kg cake. Zimbabwe, which is suffering its worst drought in decades, is near economic collapse¹⁵ and unable to pay civil servants.

津巴布韦总统罗伯特·穆加贝（Robert Mugabe）举行奢华派对庆祝92岁生日。他是世界上年纪最大的政府首脑，生日当天做了一个92千克的生日蛋糕。正遭受数十年一遇旱灾的津巴布韦，经济处于崩溃边缘，公务员的工资也无着落。

1 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

2 vowed   

起誓，发誓（vow的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• He vowed quite solemnly that he would carry out his promise. 他非常庄严地发誓要实现他的诺言。
• I vowed to do more of the cooking myself. 我发誓自己要多动手做饭。

3 socialist   

n.社会主义者；adj.社会主义的

参考例句：

• China is a socialist country,and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展中国家。
• His father was an ardent socialist.他父亲是一个热情的社会主义者。

4 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

5 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

6 creditors   

n.债权人，债主( creditor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They agreed to repay their creditors over a period of three years. 他们同意3年内向债主还清欠款。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Creditors could obtain a writ for the arrest of their debtors. 债权人可以获得逮捕债务人的令状。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 precipitated   

v.（突如其来地）使发生( precipitate的过去式和过去分词 )；促成；猛然摔下；使沉淀

参考例句：

• His resignation precipitated a leadership crisis. 他的辞职立即引发了领导层的危机。
• He lost his footing and was precipitated to the ground. 他失足摔倒在地上。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 exempt   

adj.免除的；v.使免除；n.免税者，被免除义务者

参考例句：

• These goods are exempt from customs duties.这些货物免征关税。
• He is exempt from punishment about this thing.关于此事对他已免于处分。

9 violations   

违反( violation的名词复数 )； 冒犯； 违反（行为、事例）； 强奸

参考例句：

• This is one of the commonest traffic violations. 这是常见的违反交通规则之例。
• These violations of the code must cease forthwith. 这些违犯法规的行为必须立即停止。

10 inflicting   

把…强加给，使承受，遭受( inflict的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• He was charged with maliciously inflicting grievous bodily harm. 他被控蓄意严重伤害他人身体。
• It's impossible to do research without inflicting some pain on animals. 搞研究不让动物遭点罪是不可能的。

11 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

12 escalation   

n.扩大，增加

参考例句：

• The threat of nuclear escalation remains. 核升级的威胁仍旧存在。 来自辞典例句
• Escalation is thus an aspect of deterrence and of crisis management. 因此逐步升级是威慑和危机处理的一个方面。 来自辞典例句

13 celebrated   

adj.有名的，声誉卓著的

参考例句：

• He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.不久他就成了英格兰最负盛名的年轻画家之一。
• The celebrated violinist was mobbed by the audience.观众团团围住了这位著名的小提琴演奏家。

14 lavish   

adj.无节制的；浪费的；vt.慷慨地给予，挥霍

参考例句：

• He despised people who were lavish with their praises.他看不起那些阿谀奉承的人。
• The sets and costumes are lavish.布景和服装极尽奢华。

15 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。