美国有线新闻 CNN 美国考虑征收电商税

Today's show starts with a pair of significant cases in front of the U.S. Supreme¹ Court.

今天的节目首先来关注美国最高法院审理的两起重要案件。

The first involves part of a federal law that concerned immigrants to the U.S. It said that people who came to the country legally but who were not American citizens could be deported³ if they've been convicted of crimes of violence. Both the Obama and Trump⁴ administrations supported the law when it came to a legal immigrant from the Philippines who was convicted twice of home burglary in California.

第一起案件涉及与移民美国有关的联邦法律。法律规定，合法进入美国的非美国公民如果被判暴力罪名成立，则可能被驱逐出境。一名来自菲律宾的合法移民因在加州实施了两起入室抢劫被定罪，在这起案件中，奥巴马政府和特朗普政府均支持这项法律。

At first, a lower court ruled that his convictions amounted to a crime of violence. But the man's lawyers appealed the decision, arguing their client wasn't given notice that his crimes would result in deportation⁵, and that the "crimes of violence" part of the law wasn't clear enough.

一开始，一家下级法院裁定，他的罪名相当于暴力犯罪。但是该男子的律师对这项判决提起了上诉，称他的委托人并没有被告知他的罪行会导致被驱逐出境，而且法律中对“暴力罪行”的规定也不够明确。

In a 5-4 ruling, the Supreme Court decided⁶ the law was too vague to be constitutional because Congress didn't define what exactly would qualify as a violent crime. So, in this case, the immigrant from the Philippines won't be automatically deported.

最高法院以5票支持、4票反对的结果判定，这项法律过于模糊，不符合宪法，因为国会没有明确界定哪种罪行被归为暴力犯罪。因此在这起案件中，那名菲律宾移民不会被自动驱逐出境。

The ruling is limited though. Experts say the government can still deport² legal immigrants convicted of obvious violent crimes like murder.

不过这项判决的效力有限。专家表示，政府仍可以驱逐犯下谋杀等明显暴力罪行的合法移民。

The second case involves sales tax in the Internet. Oftentimes, when you buy something online in the U.S., you don't have to pay sales tax, unless you're buying from Amazon itself, which charges it in most states, or if you're shopping at a retail⁷ company that has a physical store in your state.

第二起案件涉及互联网销售税。通常，在美国从网上买东西不用付销售税，除非你在亚马逊网站上购物，该网站在大多数州收取销售税，或者你购物的零售店在你所在州有实体店时，也需要支付销售税。

South Dakota wants this changed. It says states are missing out on billions of dollars in e-commerce taxes when people don't pay them online, and it wants companies that sell more than $100,000 worth of goods in a year to collect taxes for South Dakota.

南达科塔州希望改变这种情况。该州认为，由于人们在网上购物时不付销售税，导致各州损失了数十亿美元的电商税，该州希望每年销售商品价值超过10万美元的公司为南达科塔州征税。

But many smaller businesses like ones that sell on eBay don't want to be forced to collect taxes. They say they'll lose thousands if they have to charge sales tax and that the different taxes that states and cities have are too complicated to keep up with. The Supreme Court's decision on this is expected to come at around the beginning of summer.

但是在eBay网上销售商品的小型企业不希望被强迫征税。这些小企业表示，如果他们缴纳销售税，那会使他们损失数千美元，而且各州和各城市对销售税的规定并不相同，因为过于复杂，所以他们无法跟进。最高法院将于夏初对此案做出裁决。

1 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

2 deport   

vt.驱逐出境

参考例句：

• We deport aliens who slip across our borders.我们把偷渡入境的外国人驱逐出境。
• More than 240 England football fans are being deported from Italy following riots last night.昨晚的骚乱发生后有240多名英格兰球迷被驱逐出意大利。

3 deported   

v.将…驱逐出境( deport的过去式和过去分词 )；举止

参考例句：

• They stripped me of my citizenship and deported me. 他们剥夺我的公民资格，将我驱逐出境。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The convicts were deported to a deserted island. 罪犯们被流放到一个荒岛。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

5 deportation   

n.驱逐，放逐

参考例句：

• The government issued a deportation order against the four men.政府发出了对那4名男子的驱逐令。
• Years ago convicted criminals in England could face deportation to Australia.很多年以前，英国已定罪的犯人可能被驱逐到澳大利亚。

6 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

7 retail   

v./n.零售；adv.以零售价格

参考例句：

• In this shop they retail tobacco and sweets.这家铺子零售香烟和糖果。
• These shoes retail at 10 yuan a pair.这些鞋子零卖10元一双。