2019年经济学人 一周要闻 特朗普首次动用总统否决权 英下议院议长介入退欧 特朗普会晤“热带特朗普”

 

More than 1,000 people may have been killed when a cyclone¹ hit Mozambique, causing floods around the city of Beira. The storm also battered² Malawi and Zimbabwe.

莫桑比克遭遇强热带风暴袭击，导致贝拉市附近发生洪灾，或致1000多人丧生。马拉维和津巴布韦也被这场飓风殃及。

Amnesty International said that 14 civilians³ were killed during five air strikes by American military forces in Somalia. AFRICOM, America’s military command for Africa, said no civilians had been killed in the strikes.

大赦国际组织称，美军在索马里发动的五次空袭造成14名平民死亡。美国驻非洲军司令部(AFRICOM)声称，空袭没有造成平民死亡。

A special relationship

特殊的关系

Jair Bolsonaro, Brazil’s populist president, visited Donald Trump⁴ at the White House. Mr Bolsonaro has been described as the “Trump of the Tropics” for his delight in offending people. The pair got on well. Mr Trump said he wanted to make Brazil an official ally, which would grant it preferential access to American military technology.

巴西民粹主义总统贾尔·博尔索纳罗(Jair Bolsonaro)在白宫与特朗普会晤。博尔索纳罗因经常得罪别人，故得外号“热带特朗普”。二人相谈甚欢。特朗普表示，他希望巴西成为美国的正式盟友，这将使巴西优先获得美国的军事技术。

Supporters of Juan Guaidó, the man recognised as the rightful president of Venezuela by over 50 countries, said they now controlled three of the country’s diplomatic buildings in the United States, including the consulate⁵ in New York.

委内瑞拉合法总统胡安·瓜伊多(Juan Guaido)的身份被50多个国家承认。他的支持者表示，他们现在控制了委内瑞拉在美国的三座外交大楼，包括纽约的领事馆。

A judge in Guatemala ordered the arrest of Thelma Aldana, a candidate in the forthcoming presidential election, on charges of fraud, which she denies. Ms Aldana, a former attorney-general, worked closely with a UN-backed commission investigating corruption⁶. Guatemala withdrew its support from that body after it turned its sights on the president, Jimmy Morales.

危地马拉一名法官以涉嫌欺诈为由下令逮捕即将参加总统选举的候选人西尔玛·阿尔达纳，但她否认了这一指控。前司法部长阿尔达纳曾与一个由联合国支持的反腐败调查委员会密切合作。该委员会将总统吉米·莫拉莱斯作为调查目标后，危地马拉撤回了对该机构的支持。

Canada’s top civil servant resigned over his entanglement⁷ in a scandal in which political pressure was allegedly exerted on the then attorney-general to drop the prosecution⁸ of an engineering firm accused of bribery⁹ in Libya. He is the fourth person to resign over the matter, which has tarnished¹⁰ Justin Trudeau, the Liberal prime minister.

加拿大高级公务员因卷入一桩丑闻而辞职。据称，当时的司法部长遭到政治施压，要求他撤销对一家被控在利比亚行贿的工程公司的起诉。他是第四位因此事辞职的官员，此事也令自由党总理贾斯廷·特鲁多(Justin Trudeau)名誉受损。

Speaker’s truth to power

忠言直谏

Citing a convention dating back to 1604, John Bercow, the Speaker of Britain’s House of Commons, intervened in the Brexit process, again, ruling out a third vote on the withdrawal¹¹ deal unless there was a change in substance to its terms. Parliament therefore could not have another “meaningful vote” on leaving the European Union before this week’s European Council meeting, where Brexit is on the agenda. Theresa May asked the council for a three-month extension of the Brexit deadline, to June 30th.

英国下议院议长约翰·伯考(John Bercow)援引1604年的一项公约，再次介入英国退欧进程，排除了就退欧协议进行第三次投票的可能性，除非协议条款发生实质性变化。因此，在本周的欧洲理事会会议之前，英国议会无法就退欧进行另一次“有意义的投票”。特蕾莎·梅要求议会将英国退欧的最后期限延长三个月，至6月30日。

The European People’s Party, a grouping of centre-right parties at the European Parliament, voted to suspend Fidesz, Hungary’s ruling party, as a protest against what many in the parliament believe are repeated attempts by the government to undermine the rule of law.

欧洲人民党(European People 's Party)是欧洲议会中右翼党派组成的团体，该党投票决定中止匈牙利执政党青年民主主义联盟(Fidesz)的权利，以抗议议会中多数人认为政府一再试图破坏法治。

Zuzana Caputova, a political novice¹², came top in the first round of Slovakia’s presidential election. Disgust at official corruption, and the murder last year of a young journalist who was investigating it, fuelled her victory.

政治新手卡布托娃（Zuzana Caputova）在斯洛伐克第一轮总统选举中胜出。民众对官员腐败的厌恶，以及去年调查腐败的一名年轻记者被谋杀，推动了她的胜选。

He could get used to this

来日方长

Donald Trump vetoed the first bill of his presidency¹³, a resolution from Congress to overturn his declaration of a national emergency on the border with Mexico. The resolution had passed with some support from Republicans, worried about the precedent¹⁴ Mr Trump is setting for future presidents, who might also declare an emergency to obtain funding for a project that Congress has denied them.

特朗普否决了其总统任期内的第一项法案，这是国会推翻其关于美墨边境进入国家紧急状态声明的决议。该决议的通过得到了一些共和党人的支持，他们担心特朗普为未来总统开辟先例，这些总统也有可能通过宣布进入紧急状态，以获得遭国会否决的项目的资金。

1 cyclone   

n.旋风，龙卷风

参考例句：

• An exceptionally violent cyclone hit the town last night.昨晚异常猛烈的旋风吹袭了那个小镇。
• The cyclone brought misery to thousands of people.旋风给成千上万的人带来苦难。

2 battered   

adj.磨损的；v.连续猛击；磨损

参考例句：

• He drove up in a battered old car.他开着一辆又老又破的旧车。
• The world was brutally battered but it survived.这个世界遭受了惨重的创伤,但它还是生存下来了。

3 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

4 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

5 consulate   

n.领事馆

参考例句：

• The Spanish consulate is the large white building opposite the bank.西班牙领事馆是银行对面的那栋高大的白色建筑物。
• The American consulate was a magnificent edifice in the centre of Bordeaux.美国领事馆是位于波尔多市中心的一座宏伟的大厦。

6 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

7 entanglement   

n.纠缠，牵累

参考例句：

• This entanglement made Carrie anxious for a change of some sort.这种纠葛弄得嘉莉急于改变一下。
• There is some uncertainty about this entanglement with the city treasurer which you say exists.对于你所说的与市财政局长之间的纠葛,大家有些疑惑。

8 prosecution   

n.起诉，告发，检举，执行，经营

参考例句：

• The Smiths brought a prosecution against the organizers.史密斯家对组织者们提出起诉。
• He attempts to rebut the assertion made by the prosecution witness.他试图反驳原告方证人所作的断言。

9 bribery   

n.贿络行为，行贿，受贿

参考例句：

• FBI found out that the senator committed bribery.美国联邦调查局查明这个参议员有受贿行为。
• He was charged with bribery.他被指控受贿。

10 tarnished   

（通常指金属）（使）失去光泽，（使）变灰暗( tarnish的过去式和过去分词 )； 玷污，败坏

参考例句：

• The mirrors had tarnished with age. 这些镜子因年深日久而照影不清楚。
• His bad behaviour has tarnished the good name of the school. 他行为不轨，败坏了学校的声誉。

11 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

12 novice   

adj.新手的，生手的

参考例句：

• As a novice writer,this is something I'm interested in.作为初涉写作的人，我对此很感兴趣。
• She realized that she was a novice.她知道自己初出茅庐。

13 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

14 precedent   

n.先例，前例；惯例；adj.在前的，在先的

参考例句：

• Is there a precedent for what you want me to do?你要我做的事有前例可援吗？
• This is a wonderful achievement without precedent in Chinese history.这是中国历史上亘古未有的奇绩。