2019年经济学人 一周要闻 哈佛歧视案胜诉 英国公布新脱欧方案 约翰逊麻烦缠身

一周要闻 哈佛歧视案胜诉 英国公布新脱欧方案 约翰逊麻烦缠身

In a closely watched case, a judge ruled that Harvard does not discriminate¹ against Asian-Americans in its applications process, finding that it passes “constitutional muster”. The plaintiffs argued that Harvard’s affirmative-action policy favours black and Hispanic applicants². The matter will probably end up in the Supreme³ Court.

在一起备受关注的案件中，一名法官裁定，哈佛大学在录取过程中没有歧视亚裔美国人，认为哈佛大学通过了“宪法审查”。原告认为，哈佛的“平权运动接纳”政策对黑人和西班牙裔申请者有利。这起案件可能会由最高法院结案。

Boris Johnson, Britain’s prime minister, made a new Brexit offer to the European Union. His proposal includes customs checks, but not at the border in Northern Ireland, plus a regulatory border in the Irish Sea. Mr Johnson is determined⁴ to leave the eu on October 31st, but is hampered⁵ by Parliament’s legal stipulation⁶ that he must ask for an extension if there is no deal.

英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊向欧盟提出了新的脱欧提议。他的提议包括海关检查，但不包括北爱尔兰边境，以及爱尔兰海的监管边界。约翰逊决心在10月31日离开欧盟，但是碍于议会的法律规定，如果没有达成协议，他必须申请延期。

Brexit is not the only trouble for Mr Johnson. Hard on the heels of the controversy⁷ surrounding his relationship with an American businesswoman when he was mayor of London, a female journalist accused Mr Johnson of groping her thigh⁸ in 1999, when he was her boss. He denied it happened. Despite its leader’s problems the Conservative Party holds a resilient lead in the polls.

英国脱欧并不是约翰逊面临的唯一问题。在约翰逊担任伦敦市长期间，他与一名美国女商人的关系引发了争议，紧接着，一名女记者指控约翰逊在1999年摸她的大腿，当时她在约翰逊手下工作。约翰逊对此予以否认。尽管约翰逊一直麻烦缠身，但保守党在民意调查中仍稳居领先地位。

Sebastian Kurz and his People’s Party were the clear winners in Austria’s snap election, caused after his government collapsed⁹ following a scandal connecting his coalition¹⁰ partners, the Freedom Party, and Russian money. However, he is still short of a majority, and is casting around for an alternative to join a new government.

塞巴斯蒂安·库尔兹和他的人民党是奥地利临时选举的明显赢家，选举是在他的政府因联盟伙伴自由党与俄罗斯资金的丑闻而垮台后举行的。然而，他仍未获得多数席位，并且正在寻找一个加入新政府的替代政党。

Some 20,000 people took to the streets in Moscow to demand the release of those arrested in earlier demonstrations¹¹ over the exclusion¹² of opposition¹³ figures from a city council election.

大约2万人走上莫斯科街头，要求释放那些在早些时候的示威活动中被捕的人。示威活动的起因是反对派人士被排除在市议会选举之外。

As many as 25 soldiers were killed and another 60 are missing after jihadists attacked two army bases in Mali. Separately al-Shabab, a jihadist group affiliated¹⁴ with al-Qaeda, attacked a convoy¹⁵ of Italian troops and an air base used by American forces in Somalia. The attacks highlight the deteriorating¹⁶ security across the Sahel and into the Horn of Africa.

圣战分子袭击了马里的两处军事基地，造成25名士兵死亡，60人失踪。与基地组织有联系的圣战组织阿尔沙巴布袭击了意大利军队的护卫队和美国在索马里的空军基地。这些袭击事件凸显了萨赫勒地区乃至非洲之角地区安全局势的恶化。

At a pre-trial hearing lawyers for Binyamin Netanyahu, Israel’s prime minister, argued that he should not be charged with corruption¹⁷. The attorney-general will decide whether to proceed with the indictments¹⁸. Meanwhile, talks between Mr Netanyahu’s Likud party and Blue and White, a centrist party, over forming a government have stalled.

在预审听证会上，以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡的律师辩称，总理不应受到腐败指控。总检察长将决定是否继续进行起诉。与此同时，内塔尼亚胡的利库德集团与中间派蓝白党关于组建政府的谈判陷入僵局。

Hundreds of people protested in Lebanon as the government grappled with a worsening economic crisis. Enormous debt and shrinking foreign investment have led to fears that the Lebanese pound will be devalued and prices raised. Iraqis also took to the streets to protest against unemployment and corruption. Security forces responded with live fire; at least 18 people were killed and hundreds wounded.

在黎巴嫩，数百人抗议政府对日益恶化的经济危机应对不力。巨额债务和外国投资的萎缩导致人们担心黎巴嫩镑会贬值，物价将上涨。伊拉克人也走上街头抗议失业和腐败。安全部队用实弹回应;至少18人死亡，数百人受伤。

Software developers in Lagos, Nigeria’s main commercial city, started a campaign against harassment¹⁹ by the police, who single out people carrying laptops or smartphones for extortion. The arrests threaten a boom in startups.

尼日利亚主要商业城市拉各斯的软件开发商发起了一场反对警察骚扰的运动，警察专门挑携带笔记本电脑或智能手机的人士进行敲诈勒索。逮捕行动威胁到了初创企业的繁荣。

Uganda banned people from wearing red berets, which are associated with an opposition movement led by Bobi Wine. Mr Wine was recently charged with “annoying” the president.

乌干达禁止人们佩戴红色贝雷帽，这与博比·温领导的反对派运动有关。温最近被指控“骚扰”总统。

1 discriminate   

v.区别，辨别，区分；有区别地对待

参考例句：

• You must learn to discriminate between facts and opinions.你必须学会把事实和看法区分出来。
• They can discriminate hundreds of colours.他们能分辨上百种颜色。

2 applicants   

申请人，求职人( applicant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• There were over 500 applicants for the job. 有500多人申请这份工作。
• He was impressed by the high calibre of applicants for the job. 求职人员出色的能力给他留下了深刻印象。

3 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

4 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

5 hampered   

妨碍，束缚，限制( hamper的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The search was hampered by appalling weather conditions. 恶劣的天气妨碍了搜寻工作。
• So thought every harassed, hampered, respectable boy in St. Petersburg. 圣彼德堡镇的那些受折磨、受拘束的体面孩子们个个都是这么想的。

6 stipulation   

n.契约，规定，条文；条款说明

参考例句：

• There's no stipulation as to the amount you can invest. 没有关于投资额的规定。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The only stipulation the building society makes is that house must be insured. 建屋互助会作出的唯一规定是房屋必须保险。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 controversy   

n.争论，辩论，争吵

参考例句：

• That is a fact beyond controversy.那是一个无可争论的事实。
• We ran the risk of becoming the butt of every controversy.我们要冒使自己在所有的纷争中都成为众矢之的的风险。

8 thigh   

n.大腿；股骨

参考例句：

• He is suffering from a strained thigh muscle.他的大腿肌肉拉伤了，疼得很。
• The thigh bone is connected to the hip bone.股骨连着髋骨。

9 collapsed   

adj.倒塌的

参考例句：

• Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
• The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。

10 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

11 demonstrations   

证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威

参考例句：

• Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
• The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。

12 exclusion   

n.拒绝，排除，排斥，远足，远途旅行

参考例句：

• Don't revise a few topics to the exclusion of all others.不要修改少数论题以致排除所有其他的。
• He plays golf to the exclusion of all other sports.他专打高尔夫球，其他运动一概不参加。

13 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

14 affiliated   

adj. 附属的, 有关连的

参考例句：

• The hospital is affiliated with the local university. 这家医院附属于当地大学。
• All affiliated members can vote. 所有隶属成员都有投票权。

15 convoy   

vt.护送，护卫，护航；n.护送；护送队

参考例句：

• The convoy was snowed up on the main road.护送队被大雪困在干路上了。
• Warships will accompany the convoy across the Atlantic.战舰将护送该船队过大西洋。

16 deteriorating   

恶化，变坏( deteriorate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The weather conditions are deteriorating. 天气变得越来越糟。
• I was well aware of the bad morale and the deteriorating factories. 我很清楚，大家情绪低落，各个工厂越搞越坏。

17 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

18 indictments   

n.（制度、社会等的）衰败迹象( indictment的名词复数 )；刑事起诉书；公诉书；控告

参考例句：

• A New York jury brought criminal indictments against the founder of the organization. 纽约的一个陪审团对这个组织的创始人提起了多项刑事诉讼。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• These two indictments are self-evident and require no elaboration. 这两条意义自明，无须多说。 来自互联网

19 harassment   

n.骚扰，扰乱，烦恼，烦乱

参考例句：

• She often got telephone harassment at night these days.这些天她经常在夜晚受到电话骚扰。
• The company prohibits any form of harassment.公司禁止任何形式的骚扰行为。