2019年经济学人 一周要闻 中国驻外机构超美国 哥伦比亚罢工 新欧盟委员会就职

 

The world this week

本周要闻

Politics

政治

China has 276 embassies and other diplomatic offices, more than any other country, according to the Lowy Institute, a think-tank. It passed America, which has 273, this year. France, Japan and Russia took the next three spots on the list.

根据智库洛伊研究所(Lowy Institute)的数据，中国有276个大使馆和其他外交机构，比其他任何国家都多。今年，中国的驻外机构以273所赶超美国。法国、日本和俄罗斯紧随其后。

The BJP chief minister of Maharashtra, India’s second- most-populous state, resigned after holding office for just three days, when the supreme¹ court said he must face a vote of confidence. He had, in effect, been installed in the job by the national BJP-led government in Delhi following a contentious² election in October and political shenanigans to form a coalition³.

印度人口第二大邦马哈拉施特拉邦的巴拉蒂亚·贾纳塔党首席部长在上任仅三天后辞职，最高法院称他必须面对信任投票。事实上，在去年10月一场有争议的选举和政治诡计中，他接受了由巴拉蒂亚·贾纳塔党(BJP)领导的德里政府的任命，以组建联盟。

Trade unions and student groups have led large protests and two national strikes in Colombia. Their complaints include proposals by the government to raise the pension age and the slow implementation⁴ of a peace deal with the farc guerrilla group. A student was killed by a tear-gas canister, increasing the anger.

在哥伦比亚，工会和学生组织领导了大规模的抗议活动和两次全国性罢工。他们的不满包括政府提出的提高领取养老金年龄的建议，以及与哥伦比亚革命武装力量游击队达成的和平协议执行缓慢。一名学生被催泪瓦斯袭击后身亡，此事加剧了人们的愤怒。

Luis Lacalle Pou, a candidate of the centre-right, apparently⁵ won Uruguay’s presidential election. His narrow victory, if confirmed by the country’s electoral court, will end 15 years of rule by the centre-left Broad Front coalition. Mr Lacalle Pou has promised to fight crime and slash⁶ the government’s large deficit⁷.

中右翼候选人路易斯·拉卡莱·普赢得了乌拉圭总统大选。如果他以微弱优势获胜，并得到该国选举法院的确认，将结束中左翼的广泛阵线联盟长达15年的统治。拉卡莱·普承诺打击犯罪，削减政府的巨额赤字。

Oh dear, Jeremy Corbyn

亲爱的杰瑞米·科尔宾

Britain’s chief rabbi, Ephraim Mirvis, expressed concerns about what a Labour government led by Jeremy Corbyn might mean for Jewish people. He said the party’s claim that it had investigated every allegation of anti-Semitism among its members was a “mendacious fiction”. In a TV interview Mr Corbyn repeatedly failed to apologise for his failure to deal with the problem.

英国首席拉比以法莲·米尔维斯（Ephraim Mirvis）对杰里米·科尔宾领导的工党政府对犹太人的影响表示担忧。他表示，该党声称已调查其成员中每一项反犹太主义指控，这是“虚假的虚构”。在一次电视采访中，科尔宾一再为自己未能处理好该问题而道歉。

Britain’s political parties published their manifestos for the forthcoming election. Labour promised an additional 83bn pounds ($107bn) of day-to-day spending by 2024 (around 4% of GDP). The Liberal Democrats⁸ would have a surplus, despite splashing out more than 50bn pounds a year. The Tories were the stingiest, promising⁹ just an additional 3bn pounds. All parties would take government spending to over 40% of GDP, reversing a decade-long trend of shrinking the state.

英国各政党为即将到来的选举发表了各自的宣言。工党承诺到2024年增加830亿英镑(1070亿美元)的日常开支(约占GDP的4%)。尽管自由民主党每年花费超过500亿英镑，但仍有盈余。保守党是最吝啬的，承诺只增加30亿英镑。所有政党都将把政府支出提高到GDP的40%以上，扭转十年来政府萎缩的趋势。

Malta was rocked by a spate¹⁰ of high-level resignations, two years after the murder of a journalist who had been investigating corruption¹¹ on the island. The tourism and economy ministers stood down. The prime minister’s chief of staff was arrested.

两年前，一名曾在马耳他调查腐败问题的记者被谋杀。旅游和经济部长们引咎辞职。总理的幕僚长被逮捕。

The European Parliament voted to confirm the new European Commission, which will now take office under its president, Ursula von der Leyen. Britain declined to nominate a commissioner¹², but the process moved ahead anyway.

欧洲议会(European Parliament)投票批准成立新的欧洲委员会(European Commission)，该委员会将在其主席乌苏拉·冯·德莱恩的领导下就职。英国拒绝提名一名委员，无论如何，这一进程仍在继续。

1 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

2 contentious   

adj.好辩的，善争吵的

参考例句：

• She was really not of the contentious fighting sort.她委实不是好吵好闹的人。
• Since then they have tended to steer clear of contentious issues.从那时起，他们总想方设法避开有争议的问题。

3 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

4 implementation   

n.实施，贯彻

参考例句：

• Implementation of the program is now well underway.这一项目的实施现在行情看好。

5 apparently   

adv.显然地；表面上，似乎

参考例句：

• An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽，豁然开朗。
• He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。

6 slash   

vi.大幅度削减；vt.猛砍，尖锐抨击，大幅减少；n.猛砍，斜线，长切口，衣衩

参考例句：

• The shop plans to slash fur prices after Spring Festival.该店计划在春节之后把皮货降价。
• Don't slash your horse in that cruel way.不要那样残忍地鞭打你的马。

7 deficit   

n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差

参考例句：

• The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。
• We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。

8 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 promising   

adj.有希望的，有前途的

参考例句：

• The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
• We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。

10 spate   

n.泛滥，洪水，突然的一阵

参考例句：

• Police are investigating a spate of burglaries in the area.警察正在调查这一地区发生的大量盗窃案。
• Refugees crossed the border in full spate.难民大量地越过了边境。

11 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

12 commissioner   

n.（政府厅、局、处等部门）专员，长官，委员

参考例句：

• The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
• He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。