2020年经济学人 一周要闻 拜登任命哈里斯为副手 俄罗斯干涉拜登参选 芝加哥发生暴力抢劫

The world this week

本周国际要闻

Politics

政治

Joe Biden named Kamala Harris, a senator from California, as his running-mate. The daughter of a Jamaican-American economist¹ and an Indian-American cancer researcher, she is the first black woman or Asian-American on a major-party presidential ticket. Democrats² largely praised her as a safe, charismatic choice, though some queried³ her respect for civil liberties, noting her record as a tough-on-crime prosecutor⁴.

乔·拜登任命加州参议员卡玛拉·哈里斯为他的竞选伙伴。哈里斯的父亲是牙买加裔美国经济学家，母亲是印裔美国癌症研究人员。她是美国历史上第一位获得主要政党总统候选人提名的黑人女性和亚裔美国人。民主党人普遍称赞哈里斯是一个可靠、有魅力的人选，但也有一些人质疑她对公民自由的尊重，强调她作为严厉打击犯罪的检察官背景。

The director of America’s counter-intelligence service warned that Russia was using a “range of measures” to undermine Mr Biden’s campaign, primarily because of his support for Ukraine.

美国反情报部门的负责人警告称，俄罗斯正在使用“一系列措施”来破坏拜登的竞选活动，主要是因为拜登支持乌克兰。

Chicago endured a night of looting, after police officers shot and injured a black man who they said was firing a gun at them. Bridges were raised to stop looters roaming.

芝加哥经历了一夜的抢劫，警察开枪打伤了一名黑人，他们说，这名黑人当时朝警方开枪。为了阻止劫掠者游荡，该不得不将将桥梁高高悬起。

Seattle’s council voted to slash⁵ the police budget and refocus the city’s force on “public safety”. The police chief, Carmen Best, said she would resign, decrying⁶ an “overarching lack of respect” for her officers. She was the first black woman to hold the job.

西雅图议会投票决定削减警察预算，并将城市警力重新集中在“公共安全”方便。警察局长卡门贝斯特(Carmen Best)表示，她会辞职，谴责对她手下的警察“普遍缺乏尊重”。她是第一位担任该职位的黑人女性。

The Milne ice shelf, the last one that was intact in the Canadian Arctic, split apart during a heatwave. The breakaway piece made up 40% of the ice shelf’s surface area.

米尔恩冰架是加拿大北极地区最后一个完整的冰架，这块冰架在热浪中断裂。破裂的冰架占冰架表面积的40%。

Protests by allies of Bolivia’s former president, Evo Morales, over the postponement⁷ of an election due to COVID-19, have blocked roads and exacerbated⁸ shortages of oxygen. The interim⁹ government, led by Jeanine á?ez, a conservative, says 30 people have died as a result. A new election, in which Ms á?ez is running and Mr Morales is not, is scheduled for October 18th.

玻利维亚前总统埃沃·莫拉莱斯(Evo Morales)的盟友就因新冠肺炎而推迟选举举行抗议活动，导致道路堵塞，并加剧了氧气短缺。由保守派珍妮·阿涅斯（Jeanine Anez）领导的临时政府表示，这一活动导致30人丧生。新一轮选举计划在10月18日举行，届时阿涅斯将参加选举，而莫拉莱斯无法参选。

Mexican prosecutors¹⁰ began a corruption¹¹ investigation¹² into a former president, Enrique Pe?a Nieto. They are looking into claims that before he became president Mr Pe?a used bribes¹³ from Odebrecht, a Brazilian construction firm, to help finance the election campaign in 2012, and that during his presidency¹⁴ he paid legislators to vote for a big energy reform.

墨西哥检察官开始对前总统恩里克·培尼亚·涅托(Enrique Pena Nieto)进行腐败调查。他们正在调查的指控是，在成为总统之前，涅托利用一家巴西建筑公司Odebrecht的行贿，来资助2012年的竞选活动，以及在他担任总统期间，他贿赂立法委员投票支持一项重大的能源改革。

Alexander Lukashenko claimed a sixth election victory in Belarus, with 80% of the vote. Huge crowds protested, saying the count was rigged and the real victor was Svetlana Tikhanovskaya, an ex-teacher. Police arrested and beat thousands. Ms Tikhanovskaya, who had promised to free political prisoners and hold a fair election, fled the country after a long involuntary interview with the security services. Her supporters assume she was threatened. Her husband, who was barred from standing¹⁵, remains¹⁶ in jail.

亚历山大·卢卡申科(Alexander Lukashenko)以80%的选票赢得白俄罗斯第六次选举。大批民众抗议，称计票被操纵，真正的胜利者是前教师斯维特拉娜·蒂哈诺夫斯卡娅。警方逮捕并殴打了数千人。蒂哈诺夫斯卡娅曾承诺要释放政治犯并举行一次公平的选举，但在与安全部门进行了长时间的非自愿谈判后，她逃离了这个国家。她的支持者认为她受到了威胁。她的丈夫被禁止参选，目前仍在狱中。

Tanzania banned the broadcasting of news produced by foreign media without the government’s permission. Local journalists working for foreign media or with foreign correspondents must now be accompanied by an official minder, as in North Korea.

在未经政府许可的情况下，坦桑尼亚禁止播放外国媒体制作的新闻。为外国媒体工作或与外国记者合作的当地记者现在必须有一名官方人员监督，就像朝鲜一样。

1 economist   

n.经济学家，经济专家，节俭的人

参考例句：

• He cast a professional economist's eyes on the problem.他以经济学行家的眼光审视这个问题。
• He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers.他是个经济学家，自以为什么都懂。

2 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 queried   

v.质疑，对…表示疑问( query的过去式和过去分词 )；询问

参考例句：

• She queried what he said. 她对他说的话表示怀疑。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• \"What does he have to do?\" queried Chin dubiously. “他有什么心事？”琴向觉民问道，她的脸上现出疑惑不解的神情。 来自汉英文学 - 家（1-26） - 家（1-26）

4 prosecutor   

n.起诉人；检察官，公诉人

参考例句：

• The defender argued down the prosecutor at the court.辩护人在法庭上驳倒了起诉人。
• The prosecutor would tear your testimony to pieces.检查官会把你的证言驳得体无完肤。

5 slash   

vi.大幅度削减；vt.猛砍，尖锐抨击，大幅减少；n.猛砍，斜线，长切口，衣衩

参考例句：

• The shop plans to slash fur prices after Spring Festival.该店计划在春节之后把皮货降价。
• Don't slash your horse in that cruel way.不要那样残忍地鞭打你的马。

6 decrying   

v.公开反对，谴责( decry的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Soon Chinese Internet users, including government agencies, were decrying the' poisonous panda. 不久，中国网民以及政府机构纷纷谴责“影响极坏的熊猫烧香”。 来自互联网
• Democratic leaders are decrying President Bush's plan to indefinitely halt troop withdrawals from Iraq after July. 民主党领导公开谴责布什总统七月后无限停止从伊拉克撤兵的举动。 来自互联网

7 postponement   

n.推迟

参考例句：

• He compounded with his creditors for a postponement of payment. 他与债权人达成协议延期付款。
• Rain caused the postponement of several race-meetings. 几次赛马大会因雨延期。

8 exacerbated   

v.使恶化，使加重( exacerbate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The symptoms may be exacerbated by certain drugs. 这些症状可能会因为某些药物而加重。
• The drugs they gave her only exacerbated the pain. 他们给她吃的药只是加重了她的痛楚。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 interim   

adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间

参考例句：

• The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
• It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。

10 prosecutors   

检举人( prosecutor的名词复数 )； 告发人； 起诉人； 公诉人

参考例句：

• In some places,public prosecutors are elected rather than appointed. 在有些地方，检察官是经选举而非任命产生的。 来自口语例句
• You've been summoned to the Prosecutors' Office, 2 days later. 你在两天以后被宣到了检察官的办公室。

11 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

12 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

13 bribes   

n.贿赂( bribe的名词复数 )；向（某人）行贿，贿赂v.贿赂( bribe的第三人称单数 )；向（某人）行贿，贿赂

参考例句：

• It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office. 他被指称在任时收受贿赂。
• corrupt officials accepting bribes 接受贿赂的贪官污吏

14 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

15 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

16 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。