2020年经济学人 前红色高棉监狱长杜赫(1)

Comrade Duch (Kaing Guek Eav), supervisor¹ of killings² for Cambodia’s Khmers Rouges³, died on September 2nd, aged⁴ 77

杜赫同志(康克由)是柬埔寨红色高棉屠杀的主管，他于9月2日去世，享年77岁。

As the vietnamese army closed in on Phnom Penh in January 1979, Comrade Duch was ordered to kill the prisoners remaining in his charge. He just about had time to supervise that. (Killing was not usually done in his prison, only in the fields he had designated at Choeung Ek, seven kilometres away. Unless someone slipped up.)

1979年1月，越南军队逼近金边市，杜赫同志奉命杀死仍由他负责看守的囚犯。他刚好有时间来监督。（屠杀通常不是在他的监狱里进行的，而是在七公里外他指定的琼邑克的田地里进行的。除非有人出了差错。）

He also started to destroy his archive, but did not get far. The orders from Brother Number Two, Nuon Chea, had not specifically requested that. Besides, he did not greatly want to. The archive was well over 100,000 pages, containing meticulous⁵ details of the detainees who had passed to death through his prison, Tuol Sleng, or S-21, over the previous four years. (The most exact figure given later was 15,101, but the archive was by then incomplete.) Prisoners’ weight on entering. Their photographs, with the blank look of people at the end of the line. And their confessions⁷, in as many versions as were needed to condemn⁸ them. He kept all the versions, with defective⁹ parts crossed out in red.

他也开始销毁他的档案，但没有销毁多少。二号人物农谢在命令中并没有明确要求。再说，他也不大愿意这样做。这份档案超过10万页，包含了被拘留者的详细资料，他们在过去的四年里，在吐斯廉监狱（S-21）被判死刑。（后来给出的最准确数字是15101，但当时的档案还不完整。）里面有囚犯进入监狱时的体重。他们的照片，以及排在队伍末尾的人们茫然的表情。还有，在各种各样的给他们定罪的描述中，他们的认罪。他保留了所有罪状，把有缺陷的部分用红色划掉。

In the margins¹⁰, neatly¹¹, he put comments. “Do not write these words.” “Do not play tricks.” The final acceptable confession⁶ was typed and sent to “Angkar”, the high leadership of the Communist Party of Cambodia, to Brother Number Two and Brother Number One, Pol Pot himself. That was the rule. He kept at least two copies. Each carried his decision about the prisoner: “Can be destroyed.” “Take away.” “Keep for medical experiment.” His preferred word was “smash”. That too was the party rule. At once, or later. The system he had devised at S-21 was simple, logical and perpetual.

杜赫在页边空白处整齐地写上了评论。“不要写这些话。”“不要耍花招。最后把可接受的供词打印出来，送到了“柬埔寨共产党”，送到柬埔寨共产党的高层领导，二号人物农谢和一号人物波尔布特的手里。这是规则。他保留了至少两份副本。每份中都带着他关于犯人的决定：“可以毁灭”。“带走”。“留作医学实验”。他更喜欢的词是“粉碎”。这也是柬埔寨共产党的统治。马上，或稍后。他在S-21监狱所设计的系统简单、合乎逻辑、经久不衰。

1 supervisor   

n.监督人，管理人，检查员，督学，主管，导师

参考例句：

• Between you and me I think that new supervisor is a twit.我们私下说，我认为新来的主管人是一个傻瓜。
• He said I was too flighty to be a good supervisor.他说我太轻浮不能成为一名好的管理员。

2 killings   

谋杀( killing的名词复数 )； 突然发大财，暴发

参考例句：

• His statement was seen as an allusion to the recent drug-related killings. 他的声明被视为暗指最近与毒品有关的多起凶杀案。
• The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。

3 rouges   

胭脂，口红( rouge的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• A young lady who thinks is like a young man who rouges. 妙龄女郎之作思考，有如青年男子之涂脂抹粉。
• Her sister rouges her face at home. 阿姊闻妹来当户理红妆。

4 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。

5 meticulous   

adj.极其仔细的，一丝不苟的

参考例句：

• We'll have to handle the matter with meticulous care.这事一点不能含糊。
• She is meticulous in her presentation of facts.她介绍事实十分详细。

6 confession   

n.自白，供认，承认

参考例句：

• Her confession was simply tantamount to a casual explanation.她的自白简直等于一篇即席说明。
• The police used torture to extort a confession from him.警察对他用刑逼供。

7 confessions   

n.承认( confession的名词复数 )；自首；声明；（向神父的）忏悔

参考例句：

• It is strictly forbidden to obtain confessions and to give them credence. 严禁逼供信。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Neither trickery nor coercion is used to secure confessions. 既不诱供也不逼供。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

8 condemn   

vt.谴责，指责；宣判(罪犯)，判刑

参考例句：

• Some praise him,whereas others condemn him.有些人赞扬他，而有些人谴责他。
• We mustn't condemn him on mere suppositions.我们不可全凭臆测来指责他。

9 defective   

adj.有毛病的，有问题的，有瑕疵的

参考例句：

• The firm had received bad publicity over a defective product. 该公司因为一件次品而受到媒体攻击。
• If the goods prove defective, the customer has the right to compensation. 如果货品证明有缺陷， 顾客有权索赔。

10 margins   

边( margin的名词复数 )； 利润； 页边空白； 差数

参考例句：

• They have always had to make do with relatively small profit margins. 他们不得不经常设法应付较少的利润额。
• To create more space between the navigation items, add left and right margins to the links. 在每个项目间留更多的空隙，加左或者右的margins来定义链接。

11 neatly   

adv.整洁地，干净地，灵巧地，熟练地

参考例句：

• Sailors know how to wind up a long rope neatly.水手们知道怎样把一条大绳利落地缠好。
• The child's dress is neatly gathered at the neck.那孩子的衣服在领口处打着整齐的皱褶。