美国有线新闻 CNN 印度新冠病例增加 面临严峻挑战

To India next, where COVID cases and restrictions¹ related to that are both on the rise.

下面来关注印度，该国的新冠肺炎病例和相关限制都在增加。

The world's largest democracy whose population is approaching 1.4 billion people is going through several coronavirus related challenges.

这个所谓的“世界上最大的民主国家”拥有近14亿人口，其正在经历多个与冠状病毒有关的挑战。

One is fatigue², when people get tired of restrictions and the guidance to wear masks and keep their distance from one another.

第一个挑战是疲劳，即人们厌倦了各种限制措施以及佩戴口罩和保持距离的指导要求。

So they're less willing to follow guidelines.

所以人们不太愿意遵循政府的指示。

A second issue is the large religious gatherings³ currently taking place in the country.

第二个挑战是该国目前正在举行的大型宗教集会。

Experts are concerned those can trigger more COVID cases.

专家担心这会引发更多的冠状病毒病例。

And a third challenge is new variants⁴ of coronavirus. New versions that crop up when a disease naturally mutates.

第三个挑战是冠状病毒的新变种。当一种疾病自然变异时，就会出现新变种。

Experts don't know yet whether existing coronavirus vaccines⁶ protect people against new coronavirus variants

专家尚不清楚现在的冠状病毒疫苗能否保护人们免受新变种的侵害，

though at least one of these vaccines is showing promise.

尽管至少有一种疫苗显示出了希望。

Doctors are also unsure about how long vaccine⁵ protection lasts against COVID.

医生也不确定新冠肺炎疫苗的有效性能持续多久。

The drugs haven't been out long enough for there to be long term studies on them

这些药物问世的时间还不足以进行长期研究，

but vaccine makers⁷ are experimenting with booster shots intended to give people additional protection.

但疫苗生产商正在试验加强注射，旨在给人们提供额外的保护。

Doctors are concerned that COVID could become like the flu for which there's a new vaccine every year

医生担心新冠肺炎可能会像流感一样，即每年都要打新疫苗，

because the flu mutates so quickly and immunity⁸ wears off quickly as well.

因为流感病毒变异太快，导致免疫力会很快消失。

Time will tell what's next concerning the fight against COVID but in India, at least, its spread has ramped⁹ up again.

时间会告诉我们抗击新冠肺炎的下一步计划，但至少在印度，疫情传播再次扩大。

1 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

2 fatigue   

n.疲劳，劳累

参考例句：

• The old lady can't bear the fatigue of a long journey.这位老妇人不能忍受长途旅行的疲劳。
• I have got over my weakness and fatigue.我已从虚弱和疲劳中恢复过来了。

3 gatherings   

聚集( gathering的名词复数 )； 收集； 采集； 搜集

参考例句：

• His conduct at social gatherings created a lot of comment. 他在社交聚会上的表现引起许多闲话。
• During one of these gatherings a pupil caught stealing. 有一次，其中一名弟子偷窃被抓住。

4 variants   

n.变体( variant的名词复数 )；变种；变型；（词等的）变体

参考例句：

• Those variants will be preserved in the'struggle for existence". 这些变异将在“生存竞争”中被保留下来。 来自辞典例句
• Like organisms, viruses have variants, generally called strains. 与其他生物一样，病毒也有变种，一般称之为株系。 来自辞典例句

5 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

6 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

7 makers   

n.制造者，制造商（maker的复数形式）

参考例句：

• The makers of the product assured us that there had been no sacrifice of quality. 这一产品的制造商向我们保证说他们没有牺牲质量。
• The makers are about to launch out a new product. 制造商们马上要生产一种新产品。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 immunity   

n.优惠；免除；豁免，豁免权

参考例句：

• The law gives public schools immunity from taxation.法律免除公立学校的纳税义务。
• He claims diplomatic immunity to avoid being arrested.他要求外交豁免以便避免被捕。

9 ramped   

土堤斜坡( ramp的过去式和过去分词 )； 斜道； 斜路； （装车或上下飞机的）活动梯

参考例句：

• With the arrival of George Lucas, the pace has ramped up. 随着乔治·卢卡斯的到来，速度大大加快。
• They also sold corporate bonds as the global financial crisis ramped up. 在全球金融危机加剧之际，他们还抛售了公司债券。