国家地理 合作至上的狼群

We are here in Yellowstone National Park to follow some grey wolves and observe the deadly brilliance¹ of the pack. They've learned to cooperate, hunting their prey² with many acting³ as one pack. This mother grizzly⁴ knows how to protect its cub⁵ and itself. Stand your ground. Don't be intimidated⁶. Don't let the grey wolves run you down.

现在我们正在黄石国家公园，跟拍一些苍狼，一睹这些致命尤物的风采。苍狼很懂如何合作，可以团结如一地捕捉猎物。这位熊妈妈知道如何保护自己和自己的孩子——坚守阵地。别怂，别让苍狼把你扑倒。

Grizzly mum stands up to the grey wolves. And eventually, they lose interest. Stand up, hold your ground. Wolves know that large prey can be dangerous if they fight back. What the wolves want is to get their prey on the run. Like, for example this herd⁷ of elk⁸. Now the wolves can fan out over the herd, waiting for an old or sick or just unlucky elk to make a wrong move. The alpha male leads the hunt. He bides⁹ his time, directing his troops. And eventually, one elk stumbles.

熊妈妈站定在苍狼群面前。最后，苍狼失去了兴趣。站定并坚守阵地。苍狼知道如果他们进攻，大熊会很危险。苍狼的目标是让自己的猎物四处桃村，眼前的这个麋鹿群就是个例子。现在，苍狼可以呈扇形包围麋鹿群，然后只需要等待某只年事已高、病弱无力或者一时不走运的麋鹿走位失误了。苍狼首领指挥着这次的围捕。他在等待时机，并指挥自己的团队。最后，终于有一只麋鹿踉跄栽倒。

The hungry wolves quickly surround their faltering¹⁰ victim. They swarm¹¹ in for the kill, and then, the meal. Wolves are a vital part of a healthy Yellowstone echo-system. They filter out sick and weak animals in the herds¹² and help scavengers survive but providing leftovers¹⁴ from their hunts. This coyote however is not a scavenger¹³ but also a competitor, who's been interfering¹⁵ with the kills of the pack. So once again, the wolves use cooperation to guard their turf and drive out the intruder.

饥饿的苍狼迅速将这只步履蹒跚的猎物重重围住。他们蜂拥而上，要将这只麋鹿杀死，再开动大餐。苍狼是黄石公园生态系统得以健康发展的关键部分。他们过滤掉了病弱的动物，让食腐动物得以存活，将自己吃下的猎物留给了食腐动物。这只郊狼不是食腐动物，而是竞争对手，因为它一直在干预苍狼团队的捕猎进程。所以，苍狼队再次通过合作守住了自己的地盘，驱赶走了入侵者。

1 brilliance   

n.光辉，辉煌，壮丽，（卓越的）才华，才智

参考例句：

• I was totally amazed by the brilliance of her paintings.她的绘画才能令我惊歎不已。
• The gorgeous costume added to the brilliance of the dance.华丽的服装使舞蹈更加光彩夺目。

2 prey   

n.被掠食者，牺牲者，掠食；v.捕食，掠夺，折磨

参考例句：

• Stronger animals prey on weaker ones.弱肉强食。
• The lion was hunting for its prey.狮子在寻找猎物。

3 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

4 grizzly   

adj.略为灰色的，呈灰色的；n.灰色大熊

参考例句：

• This grizzly liked people.这只灰熊却喜欢人。
• Grizzly bears are not generally social creatures.一般说来，灰熊不是社交型动物。

5 cub   

n.幼兽，年轻无经验的人

参考例句：

• The lion cub's mother was hunting for what she needs. 这只幼师的母亲正在捕猎。
• The cub licked the milk from its mother's breast. 这头幼兽吸吮着它妈妈的奶水。

6 intimidated   

v.恐吓；威胁adj.害怕的；受到威胁的

参考例句：

• We try to make sure children don't feel intimidated on their first day at school. 我们努力确保孩子们在上学的第一天不胆怯。
• The thief intimidated the boy into not telling the police. 这个贼恫吓那男孩使他不敢向警察报告。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 herd   

n.兽群，牧群；vt.使集中，把…赶在一起

参考例句：

• She drove the herd of cattle through the wilderness.她赶着牛群穿过荒野。
• He had no opinions of his own but simply follow the herd.他从无主见，只是人云亦云。

8 elk   

n.麋鹿

参考例句：

• I was close enough to the elk to hear its labored breathing.我离那头麋鹿非常近，能听见它吃力的呼吸声。
• The refuge contains the largest wintering population of elk in the world.这座庇护所有着世界上数量最大的冬季麋鹿群。

9 bides   

v.等待，停留( bide的第三人称单数 )；居住；（过去式用bided）等待；面临

参考例句：

• He is a man who bides by a bargain. 他是个守信用的人。 来自互联网
• I cherish his because in me it bides. 我爱他的心，因为他在我体内安眠。 来自互联网

10 faltering   

犹豫的，支吾的，蹒跚的

参考例句：

• The economy shows no signs of faltering. 经济没有衰退的迹象。
• I canfeel my legs faltering. 我感到我的腿在颤抖。

11 swarm   

n.(昆虫)等一大群；vi.成群飞舞；蜂拥而入

参考例句：

• There is a swarm of bees in the tree.这树上有一窝蜜蜂。
• A swarm of ants are moving busily.一群蚂蚁正在忙碌地搬家。

12 herds   

兽群( herd的名词复数 )； 牧群； 人群； 群众

参考例句：

• Regularly at daybreak they drive their herds to the pasture. 每天天一亮他们就把牲畜赶到草场上去。
• There we saw herds of cows grazing on the pasture. 我们在那里看到一群群的牛在草地上吃草。

13 scavenger   

n.以腐尸为食的动物，清扫工

参考例句：

• He's just fit for a job as scavenger.他只配当个清道夫。
• He is not a scavenger nor just a moving appetite as some sharks are.它不是食腐动物，也不像有些鲨鱼那样，只知道游来游去满足食欲。

14 leftovers   

n.剩余物，残留物，剩菜

参考例句：

• He can do miracles with a few kitchen leftovers.他能用厨房里几样剩饭做出一顿美餐。
• She made supper from leftovers she had thrown together.她用吃剩的食物拼凑成一顿晚饭。

15 interfering   

adj. 妨碍的 动词interfere的现在分词

参考例句：

• He's an interfering old busybody! 他老爱管闲事！
• I wish my mother would stop interfering and let me make my own decisions. 我希望我母亲不再干预，让我自己拿主意。