国家地理 草坪屋顶有利环保

Walk through any town or village in the Faroe Islands, located between Iceland and Scotland, and it will be hard not to notice the green grass roofed houses on every street. A local historian says, because of the lack of natural building resources on the islands, the Vikings used grass on their roofs to provide stability and extra insulation¹.

走在位于冰岛和苏格兰之间的法罗群岛的任何一个城镇或者村庄，你都很难不注意到每条街上绿色的草坪屋顶。一名当地的历史学家说，由于岛上缺乏天然的建筑，北欧海盗利用屋顶上的草来增加稳定性和额外的隔离。

"The grass is something that roofs here when the Viking came and started it, or maybe even the monks² started it with the grass roof. We don't know."

“这些草是当初北欧海盗开始来到这里建造房屋的时候种植的，或许甚至是僧侣们开始建造这种种满草地屋顶。我们不知道。”

He says young people on the islands continue to build their houses with traditional grass roofs, not only to continue the tradition, but also because there are environmental advantages. Grass roofs filter pollutants³ and CO2 out of the air.

他说现在岛上的年轻人建造房屋的时候仍然建造草做的屋顶，不仅仅是为了延续这个传统，而且因为环保方面的优势。屋顶上的草可以净化空气中的污染物和二氧化碳。

"Here, you have this waterproof⁴ membrane⁵, and the first you have to do that, the, actually, grass is against this waterproof membrane. The root is up. To keep to hold this made mechanical, and then you have to put this fishnet here, and this will be tied around the edges of the house. Afterwards you take the second lay of the grass and put it over."

“这里有一些防水薄膜，事实上，你要想到的第一件事是，草根会把包膜穿破的。如果要切实可行的话，你必须铺一些鱼网，这些鱼网会被绑在房子边缘。之后你要在上面铺设第二层草。”

Yore says having a grass roof is a way for people on the islands to take responsibility for the environment. He says, if a house has 150 square meters of grass roofing, the grass would produce enough oxygen for one person per day. Jacob Mittyord has incorporated a grass roof into his new house design.

约尔说建造草制屋顶可以增强岛上居民的环保责任感。他说，如果一个一个房间有150平方米的草制屋顶，这些草可以产生足够一个人一天呼吸的氧气。雅各布·米蒂奥德在他的新的房屋设计中就加入了草坪的屋顶。

"There are two reasons. The first is the aesthetic⁶, we want it to look nice. And the second is the tradition. It's an old tradition in the Faroe Islands, so we asked our architect to get some solutions, where we could combine this new art style, that (went) well together with this old fashion."

“有两个原因。第一是从审美的角度讲，我们希望新房子看上去漂亮。第二点是传统。这是法罗群岛的一个古老的传统，所以我们请我们的建筑师想出一个解决方案，能够融合这种新的建筑风格和古老的样式。”

Last fall, former U.S. president Bill Clinton visited the Faroe’s capital for a conference, and spoke⁷ on the effects of climate change.

去年秋天，前任美国总统克林顿造访法罗群岛，就气候变化的影响发表讲话。

"I look at the old-fashioned roofs with the grass on it, and I was thinking how far ahead of us you're now. All over America we're in a mad rush to green all of our roofs, to put vegetation on our roofs, to cut down on the electric cost and the CO2 emissions⁸ that come from having inefficient⁹ buildings."

“我看了一下这种种草的古老风格的屋顶，我在想，你们现在远远的超前于我们。整个美国都在忙着绿化我们的屋顶，在屋顶上种植植物来降低由于低效的建筑带来的电力成本和二氧化碳排放量。”

The Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands has a grass roof on his house. "First of all, I think it's very important that we all, very all, we in the society, politicians, or a school teacher, or a fisherman, that we're putting the climate in focus, that we're thinking about the climate change all the time."

法罗群岛总理的住宅也是草坪屋顶。首先，我认为，我们社会中的每一个人，无论是从政者、教师，还是渔民，我们要把气候作为重点，要时刻关注气候变化是非常重要的。

1 insulation   

n.隔离；绝缘；隔热

参考例句：

• Please examine the insulation of the electric wires in my house.请检查一下我屋子里电线的绝缘情况。
• It is always difficult to assure good insulation between the electric leads.要保证两个电触头之间有良好的绝缘总是很困难的。

2 monks   

n.修道士，僧侣( monk的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The monks lived a very ascetic life. 僧侣过着很清苦的生活。
• He had been trained rigorously by the monks. 他接受过修道士的严格训练。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 pollutants   

污染物质（尤指工业废物）( pollutant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Pollutants are constantly being released into the atmosphere. 污染物质正在不断地被排放到大气中去。
• The 1987 Amendments limit 301(g) discharges to a few well-studied nonconventional pollutants. 1987年的修正案把第301条（g）的普通排放限制施加在一些认真研究过的几种非常规污染物上。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

4 waterproof   

n.防水材料；adj.防水的；v.使...能防水

参考例句：

• My mother bought me a waterproof watch.我妈妈给我买了一块防水手表。
• All the electronics are housed in a waterproof box.所有电子设备都储放在一个防水盒中。

5 membrane   

n.薄膜，膜皮，羊皮纸

参考例句：

• A vibrating membrane in the ear helps to convey sounds to the brain.耳膜的振动帮助声音传送到大脑。
• A plastic membrane serves as selective diffusion barrier.一层塑料薄膜起着选择性渗透屏障的作用。

6 aesthetic   

adj.美学的，审美的，有美感

参考例句：

• My aesthetic standards are quite different from his.我的审美标准与他的大不相同。
• The professor advanced a new aesthetic theory.那位教授提出了新的美学理论。

7 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

8 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

9 inefficient   

adj.效率低的，无效的

参考例句：

• The inefficient operation cost the firm a lot of money.低效率的运作使该公司损失了许多钱。
• Their communication systems are inefficient in the extreme.他们的通讯系统效率非常差。