2022年经济学人 混乱笼罩着哈萨克斯坦

 The world this week -- Politics

本周国际要闻——政治

Mayhem gripped Kazakhstan.

混乱笼罩着哈萨克斯坦。

Big rallies against fuel-price rises morphed into violent protests against the autocratic regime.

反对燃油价格上涨的大规模集会演变成了反对独裁政权的暴力抗议。

The president, Kassym-Zhomart Tokayev, dismissed his government, but this failed to soothe¹ tempers.

总统卡西姆-兹霍马特·托卡耶夫解散了他的政府，但这没能平息情绪。

Rioters burned buildings and briefly² seized an airport.

暴乱者烧毁了建筑物，并短暂占领了一个机场。

Without evidence, Mr Tokayev accused foreign powers of stirring unrest.

在没有证据的情况下，托卡耶夫指责外国势力煽动动乱。

He asked for help from a regional military alliance that includes Russia.

他向包括俄罗斯在内的地区军事联盟寻求帮助。

Internet access was cut off.

互联网访问被切断。

North Korea tested a “hypersonic missile”, according to the country’s state media.

据朝鲜官方媒体报道，朝鲜试射了一枚“高超音速导弹”。

It is the second report in recent months of North Korea testing a weapon that is more manoeuvrable than a conventional ballistic missile.

这是近几个月来有关朝鲜试验这一武器——它比常规弹道导弹更具机动性——的第二份报告。

Delhi imposed a weekend curfew to slow the spread of the Omicron variant³, which is highly transmissible but appears less deadly than previous strains of coronavirus.

德里实施了周末宵禁，以减缓奥米克戎变种的传播，该变种具有高度传染性，但似乎没有之前的冠状病毒毒株那么致命。

India, like most countries, is suffering a new wave of infections.

像大多数国家一样，印度正在经历新一轮的感染。

Local governments are rushing to reimpose restrictions⁴.

地方政府赶忙重新实施限制措施。

Undeterred, politicians are still holding huge rallies in states that are holding elections in February and March.

政客们并未被吓到，仍在将于2月和3月举行选举的各州举办大型集会。

Novak Djokovic, the world’s best tennis player, sparked a row when he arrived in Australia to prepare for a tournament with a covid-vaccine⁵ exemption⁶.

世界上最优秀的网球运动员诺瓦克·德约科维奇抵达澳大利亚，带着疫苗豁免权，准备参加比赛，这引发了一场争执。

After the government said he should be treated the same as everyone else border officials revoked⁷ his visa.

在政府称他应该得到和其他人一样的待遇后，边境官员撤销了他的签证。

Joe Biden tried to reassure⁸ Americans that the Omicron variant should be a cause of concern but not alarm, as recorded cases in the country hit 1m in a day.

乔·拜登试图让美国人放心，奥米克戎变种应该引起关注，而不是惊恐，此时美国记录到的每日新增病例达到100万例。

His comments were somewhat at odds⁹ with those of Anthony Fauci, the White House’s main COVID adviser¹⁰, who warned that hospitals were in danger of being overwhelmed.

他的言论与白宫主要新冠顾问安东尼·福奇的说法有些出入。福奇警告称，医院面临人满为患的危险。

Soon after he was sworn in as the new mayor of New York, Eric Adams faced down the main teachers’ union to insist that schools remain open.

在埃里克·亚当斯宣誓就任纽约新市长后不久，他就说服了主要的教师工会，坚持要求学校继续开放。

The union wants a brief return to remote learning, which it says will mitigate¹¹ staffing shortages caused by COVID-19.

该工会希望短暂恢复到远程学习，称这将缓解新冠成的人手短缺。

Mr Adams also kept in place a strict vaccine mandate¹² on private firms, and said it might be expanded in April to include booster shots.

亚当斯还对私营公司实施了一项严格的疫苗强制规定，并表示可能会在4月份扩充该规定的内容，包括注射加强针。

By contrast, in Chicago classes were cancelled.

相比之下，芝加哥的课程已被取消。

The main teachers’ union claims it would be unsafe to re-open.

主要的教师工会声称重新开放是不安全的。

City officials accused it of ignoring the harm cancellation¹³ will do to children.

市政府官员指责其忽视了停课会对儿童造成的损害。

Emmanuel Macron summed up his COVID-vaccination policy in France by saying he wanted to “piss off” people who haven’t been jabbed by barring them from restaurants, shops and social events.

伊曼纽尔·马克龙总结了他在法国的新冠疫苗接种政策，称他想让那些还没接种疫苗的人“滚开”，禁止他们出现在餐馆、商店和社交活动场合。

This was preferable, he said, to jailing the unvaccinated or forcibly injecting them.

他说，这比把未接种疫苗的人关进监狱或者强行给他们注射疫苗更加可取。

Critics swooned at his coarse language and robust¹⁴ sentiments.

批评家们对他粗俗的语言和强烈的情绪感到震惊。

But many French people agreed with him.

但许多法国人同意他的观点。

1 soothe   

v.安慰；使平静；使减轻；缓和；奉承

参考例句：

• I've managed to soothe him down a bit.我想方设法使他平静了一点。
• This medicine should soothe your sore throat.这种药会减轻你的喉痛。

2 briefly   

adv.简单地，简短地

参考例句：

• I want to touch briefly on another aspect of the problem.我想简单地谈一下这个问题的另一方面。
• He was kidnapped and briefly detained by a terrorist group.他被一个恐怖组织绑架并短暂拘禁。

3 variant   

adj.不同的，变异的；n.变体，异体

参考例句：

• We give professional suggestions according to variant tanning stages for each customer.我们针对每位顾客不同的日晒阶段，提供强度适合的晒黑建议。
• In a variant of this approach,the tests are data- driven.这个方法的一个变种，是数据驱动的测试。

4 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

5 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

6 exemption   

n.豁免，免税额，免除

参考例句：

• You may be able to apply for exemption from local taxes.你可能符合资格申请免除地方税。
• These goods are subject to exemption from tax.这些货物可以免税。

7 revoked   

adj.[法]取消的v.撤销，取消，废除( revoke的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• It may be revoked if the check is later dishonoured. 以后如支票被拒绝支付，结算可以撤销。 来自辞典例句
• A will is revoked expressly. 遗嘱可以通过明示推翻。 来自辞典例句

8 reassure   

v.使放心，使消除疑虑

参考例句：

• This seemed to reassure him and he continued more confidently.这似乎使他放心一点，于是他更有信心地继续说了下去。
• The airline tried to reassure the customers that the planes were safe.航空公司尽力让乘客相信飞机是安全的。

9 odds   

n.让步，机率，可能性，比率；胜败优劣之别

参考例句：

• The odds are 5 to 1 that she will win.她获胜的机会是五比一。
• Do you know the odds of winning the lottery once?你知道赢得一次彩票的几率多大吗？

10 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

11 mitigate   

vt.（使）减轻，（使）缓和

参考例句：

• The government is trying to mitigate the effects of inflation.政府正试图缓和通货膨胀的影响。
• Governments should endeavour to mitigate distress.政府应努力缓解贫困问题。

12 mandate   

n.托管地；命令，指示

参考例句：

• The President had a clear mandate to end the war.总统得到明确的授权结束那场战争。
• The General Election gave him no such mandate.大选并未授予他这种权力。

13 cancellation   

n.删除，取消

参考例句：

• Heavy seas can cause cancellation of ferry services.海上风浪太大，可能须要取消渡轮服务。
• Her cancellation of her trip to Paris upset our plan.她取消了巴黎之行打乱了我们的计划。

14 robust   

adj.强壮的，强健的，粗野的，需要体力的，浓的

参考例句：

• She is too tall and robust.她个子太高，身体太壮。
• China wants to keep growth robust to reduce poverty and avoid job losses,AP commented.美联社评论道，中国希望保持经济强势增长，以减少贫困和失业状况。