2022年经济学人 德国启动第一阶段天然气应急计划

The world this week -- Politics

本周国际要闻——政治

Germany triggered the first phase of an emergency plan to deal with a potential cut-off of gas supplies from Russia, after Vladimir Putin insisted that purchases from “hostile” countries be paid for in roubles.

德国启动了第一阶段应急计划，以应对俄罗斯可能切断的天然气供应。此前，弗拉基米尔·普京坚称，从“敌对”国家购买天然气必须以卢布支付。

Germany relies on Russia for around half its natural gas.

德国大约一半的天然气依赖于俄罗斯。

Azerbaijan said it was prepared to negotiate with Armenia amid fresh tensions over the disputed enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh, which is populated mostly by Armenians.

阿塞拜疆表示，充满争议的纳戈尔诺-卡拉巴赫飞地(主要由亚美尼亚人居住)引发了新的紧张局势，在此之际，该国准备与亚美尼亚进行谈判。

Armenia has accused Azerbaijan of breaking a ceasefire agreement, brokered¹ by Russia after a conflict in 2020.

亚美尼亚指责阿塞拜疆违反停火协议，该协议是在2020年冲突后由俄罗斯斡旋达成的。

The foreign ministers of Israel, America and four Arab states— Bahrain, Egypt, Morocco and the United Arab Emirates—held an unprecedented² meeting in the Negev desert.

以色列、美国和四个阿拉伯国家——巴林、埃及、摩洛哥和阿拉伯联合酋长国——的外交部长在内盖夫沙漠举行了一次前所未有的会议。

Israel and several Arab regimes share a fear of Iran.

以色列和几个阿拉伯政府都对伊朗心存恐惧。

America and others are struggling to reach a deal to curb³ Iran’s nuclear ambitions.

美国和其他国家正在努力达成一项协议，以遏制伊朗的核野心。

Naftali Bennett, Israel’s prime minister, said his country was facing a “new wave of terrorism” after 11 people were killed in three separate attacks by Palestinians in eight days.

以色列总理纳夫塔利·贝内特表示，以色列正面临“新一波恐怖主义浪潮”。此前，巴勒斯坦人在8天内分别发动了3起袭击，造成11人死亡。

The assailants were shot dead during the attacks.

袭击者在袭击中被击毙。

Tunisia’s president, Kais Saied, dissolved parliament, which has been suspended since last year, after lawmakers met virtually to rescind⁴ decrees that he has used to consolidate⁵ his grip on power.

突尼斯总统凯斯·赛义德解散了自去年以来一直暂停的议会，此前议员们几乎开会废除了他用来巩固权力的法令。

Eight UN peacekeepers were killed when their helicopter crashed in eastern Congo.

八名联合国维和人员的直升机在刚果东部坠毁，造成8人死亡。

The government said rebels from the M23 group shot it down, which M23 denied.

政府表示，来自M23组织的叛军将其击落，M23组织否认了这一说法。

The police in London recommended 20 fines in relation to the “partygate” covid-19 lockdown breaches⁶ that occurred at Downing Street and other ministerial offices.

唐宁街和其他部长级办公室涉及的“派对门”事件，违反了新冠肺炎封锁规定，伦敦警方建议处以20英镑罚款。

The police made it clear that individual events, and therefore individuals, would not be identified.

警方明确表示，个人事件和个人身份将不会被识别。

Florida’s governor, Ron DeSantis, signed a bill into law that forbids classroom instruction on sexual orientation⁷ or gender⁸ identity for children below the age of ten.

佛罗里达州州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯签署了一项法案， 禁止对10岁以下的儿童进行性取向或性别认同的课堂教学。

Detractors fear that the “Don’t Say Gay” law, as they call it, is so vague that teachers could be sued for the mere⁹ mention of a homo sexual relationship.

批评者担心，他们所称的“不要讲同性恋”法太过含糊，以至于教师可能会因为仅仅提及了同性恋关系而被起诉。

The Biden administration was reportedly ready to lift a covid-19 measure that speedily expels migrants on public-health grounds, even those who are seeking asylum¹⁰.

据报道，拜登政府准备取消一项新冠肺炎措施，该措施以公共健康为由迅速驱逐移民，甚至包括寻求庇护的人。

Scrapping¹¹ “Title 42” would probably add to the number of people trying to cross the border from Mexico.

废除美国法典第42卷可能会增加试图从墨西哥越境的人数。

Nayib Bukele, the president of El Salvador, imposed a state of emergency after 87 people were killed in a three-day explosion of gang violence.

萨尔瓦多三天的帮派暴力爆炸造成87人死亡，此后，该国总统纳伊布·布克莱宣布进入紧急状态。

The government said it had arrested more than 1,000 gangsters¹².

该国政府表示，他们已经逮捕了1000多名帮派成员。

On Twitter Mr Bukele posted photos and videos of half-naked suspects, who he said were gang members, with their hands held behind their heads.

布克莱在推特上发布了半裸嫌疑人的照片和视频，他说这些把手放在脑后的嫌疑人是帮派成员。

President Jair Bolsonaro began his campaign for re-election ahead of Brazil’s elections in October.

巴西总统雅伊尔·博索纳罗在10月份的大选前开始竞选连任。

Mr Bolsonaro is trailing in the polls behind Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, who was president from 2003 to 2010.

博索纳罗在民调中落后于2003年至2010年担任巴西总统的路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦。

1 brokered   

adj.由权力经纪人安排（或控制）的v.做掮客（或中人等）( broker的过去式和过去分词 )；作为权力经纪人进行谈判；以中间人等身份安排…

参考例句：

• a peace plan brokered by the UN 由联合国出面协商的和平计划
• Your husband brokered the deal to go in, transfrer the assets and get our man out. 你丈夫后来插了一脚，把生意都抢了过去，我们的人也被挤了出来。 来自电影对白

2 unprecedented   

adj.无前例的，新奇的

参考例句：

• The air crash caused an unprecedented number of deaths.这次空难的死亡人数是空前的。
• A flood of this sort is really unprecedented.这样大的洪水真是十年九不遇。

3 curb   

n.场外证券市场，场外交易；vt.制止，抑制

参考例句：

• I could not curb my anger.我按捺不住我的愤怒。
• You must curb your daughter when you are in church.你在教堂时必须管住你的女儿。

4 rescind   

v.废除，取消

参考例句：

• They accepted his advice and rescinded the original plan.他们听从了他的劝告，撤销了原计划。
• Trade Union leaders have demanded the government rescind the price rise.工会领导已经要求政府阻止价格上涨。

5 consolidate   

v.使加固，使加强；(把...)联为一体，合并

参考例句：

• The two banks will consolidate in July next year. 这两家银行明年7月将合并。
• The government hoped to consolidate ten states to form three new ones.政府希望把十个州合并成三个新的州。

6 breaches   

破坏( breach的名词复数 )； 破裂； 缺口； 违背

参考例句：

• He imposed heavy penalties for breaches of oath or pledges. 他对违反誓言和保证的行为给予严厉的惩罚。
• This renders all breaches of morality before marriage very uncommon. 这样一来，婚前败坏道德的事就少见了。

7 orientation   

n.方向，目标；熟悉，适应，情况介绍

参考例句：

• Children need some orientation when they go to school.小孩子上学时需要适应。
• The traveller found his orientation with the aid of a good map.旅行者借助一幅好地图得知自己的方向。

8 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。

9 mere   

adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过

参考例句：

• That is a mere repetition of what you said before.那不过是重复了你以前讲的话。
• It's a mere waste of time waiting any longer.再等下去纯粹是浪费时间。

10 asylum   

n.避难所，庇护所，避难

参考例句：

• The people ask for political asylum.人们请求政治避难。
• Having sought asylum in the West for many years,they were eventually granted it.他们最终获得了在西方寻求多年的避难权。

11 scrapping   

刮，切除坯体余泥

参考例句：

• He was always scrapping at school. 他在学校总打架。
• These two dogs are always scrapping. 这两条狗总是打架。

12 gangsters   

匪徒，歹徒( gangster的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The gangsters offered him a sum equivalent to a whole year's earnings. 歹徒提出要给他一笔相当于他一年收入的钱。
• One of the gangsters was caught by the police. 歹徒之一被警察逮捕。