2022年经济学人 英国护士大罢工

The world this week--Politics

本周国际要闻--政治

The Democrats² fared better than expected in America’s midterm elections.

美国民主党在中期选举中的表现好于预期。

The Republicans were on course to capture the House of Representatives, but with just a small majority.

共和党人本来有望赢得众议院的控制权，但只获得了众议院微弱的多数席位。

It was not clear which party will control the Senate, and may not become so until December, when Georgia holds a run-off.

目前尚不清楚哪一个政党将会控制参议院，而且可能要到12月佐治亚州举行决选时才能确定下来。

Republicans lost several winnable races after nominating extreme and eccentric candidates favoured by Donald Trump³.

共和党人在提名唐纳德·特朗普青睐的偏激且古怪的候选人后，输掉了几场本可获胜的竞选。

Joe Biden said it was “a good day…for democracy”.

乔·拜登表示，这是“民主的好日子”。

In the governors’ elections, Brian Kemp, a Republican, beat Stacey Abrams, a Democrat¹, in Georgia.

在佐治亚州的州长选举中，共和党人布莱恩·肯普击败了民主党人斯泰西·艾布拉姆斯。

Ms Abrams had lost in 2018, too.

艾布拉姆斯在2018年也输了竞选。

Then, she denied that she had done so; this time, she admitted defeat.

当时，她否认了败选; 而这一次，她承认了败选。

In New York, Kathy Hochul, a Democrat, held off a late surge by a Republican candidate who accused her of being soft on crime.

在纽约，民主党人凯茜·霍楚尔延缓了共和党候选人近期飙升的支持率，这位共和党候选人指责她在犯罪问题上过于软弱。

Democrats also beat back strong challenges in Michigan and Wisconsin.

民主党人还在密歇根州和威斯康星州击败了多场强劲的挑战。

They gained Maryland and Massachusetts, but Arizona and Nevada were too close to call.

他们赢得了马里兰州和马萨诸塞州的竞选，但亚利桑那州和内华达州的选票势均力敌，无法判决。

Ron DeSantis, a Republican, won re-election as governor of Florida by a whopping margin⁴.

共和党人罗恩·德桑蒂斯以巨大的优势再次当选佛罗里达州州长。

He is now well placed to run for the presidency⁵ in 2024.

他现在处于有利地位，有望竞选2024年的总统。

Donald Trump warned “Mr DeSanctimonious” to stay out of that race, hinting that he might dish up dirt on him if he challenges Mr Trump for the Republican nomination⁶.

唐纳德·特朗普警告这位“道貌岸然先生”不要参与这场竞选，暗示如果他在共和党提名中挑战特朗普，特朗普可能会放他的黑料。

Voters in California, Michigan and Vermont supported changes to their state constitutions to keep abortion⁷ legal.

加利福尼亚州、密歇根州和佛蒙特州的选民为使堕胎合法化，支持修改本州宪法。

A ballot⁸ initiative in Kentucky to specify⁹ that the state constitution does not include a right to abortion was defeated.

肯塔基州一项旨在规定州宪法中不包括堕胎权的投票提案被否决了。

However, abortion remains¹⁰ illegal in Kentucky.

然而，堕胎在肯塔基州仍然是非法行为。

Voters in Maryland and Missouri voted to legalise marijuana.

马里兰州和密苏里州的选民投票支持大麻合法化。

Similar measures failed in Arkansas and the Dakotas.

阿肯色州和达科他州都没能通过类似的措施。

Rishi Sunak, Britain’s prime minister, faces a winter of discontent.

英国首相里希·苏纳克面临着一个满是怨言的冬天。

Tax rises and spending cuts are expected.

预计将增加税收和削减开支。

Adding to the gloom, nurses voted to strike.

雪上加霜的是，护士们投票赞成罢工。

The walkout will affect around half of the country’s hospitals, though emergency care will continue.

虽然仍会继续进行紧急护理，但是这次罢工将会影响该国约半数的医院。

Sir Gavin Williamson resigned as a minister in the British government, after being accused of bullying¹¹.

加文·威廉姆森在被指控横行霸道后辞去了英国政府大臣一职。

Sir Gavin had previously¹² been forced out as defence secretary, in 2019, after leaking information.

加文曾在2019年泄露信息后被迫辞去国防大臣一职。

As education secretary, he introduced a policy to estimate the results of exams pupils did not sit because of covid-19.

作为教育大臣，他引入了一项政策，用于评估学生因新冠肺炎而无法参加考试的成绩。

It was hugely unpopular and swiftly reversed. He was later sacked from that job, too.

这项政策非常不受欢迎，并迅速被推翻。他后来也被解雇了。

1 democrat   

n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员

参考例句：

• The Democrat and the Public criticized each other.民主党人和共和党人互相攻击。
• About two years later,he was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter.大约两年后，他被民主党人杰米卡特击败。

2 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

4 margin   

n.页边空白；差额；余地，余裕；边，边缘

参考例句：

• We allowed a margin of 20 minutes in catching the train.我们有20分钟的余地赶火车。
• The village is situated at the margin of a forest.村子位于森林的边缘。

5 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

6 nomination   

n.提名，任命，提名权

参考例句：

• John is favourite to get the nomination for club president.约翰最有希望被提名为俱乐部主席。
• Few people pronounced for his nomination.很少人表示赞成他的提名。

7 abortion   

n.流产，堕胎

参考例句：

• She had an abortion at the women's health clinic.她在妇女保健医院做了流产手术。
• A number of considerations have led her to have a wilful abortion.多种考虑使她执意堕胎。

8 ballot   

n.（不记名）投票，投票总数，投票权；vi.投票

参考例句：

• The members have demanded a ballot.会员们要求投票表决。
• The union said they will ballot members on whether to strike.工会称他们将要求会员投票表决是否罢工。

9 specify   

vt.指定，详细说明

参考例句：

• We should specify a time and a place for the meeting.我们应指定会议的时间和地点。
• Please specify what you will do.请你详述一下你将做什么。

10 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

11 bullying   

v.恐吓，威逼( bully的现在分词 )；豪；跋扈

参考例句：

• Many cases of bullying go unreported . 很多恐吓案件都没有人告发。
• All cases of bullying will be severely dealt with. 所有以大欺小的情况都将受到严肃处理。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。