2023年经济学人 绘制海洋交通图(2)

 

    The researchers used satellite data that provided continuous high-resolution images of the busiest 15% of the world’s oceans from 2017 to 2021, and cross-checked this vast dataset with 53bn historical ship locations available through AIS.

    研究人员使用了卫星数据，这些数据提供了2017年至2021年世界上15%活动最多的海洋的连续高分辨率图像，并通过AIS系统将这个庞大的数据集与530亿个历史船只位置进行了交叉核对。

    They then trained neural¹ networks to recognise ships, based on their characteristic glare of reflected light, and used data such as distance from port, daily speed and nearby signs of marine² life to classify their activity.

    然后，他们根据反射光特征训练神经网络来识别船只，并使用离港距离、每日速度和附近海洋生物迹象等数据来对船只的活动进行分类。

    While noting that most vessels³ shorter than 15m probably escaped their view, they estimated a false positive rate of less than 2% for those they did identify.

    虽然他们注意到大多数小于15米的船只可能逃脱了他们的视线，但他们估计，那些被他们识别出来的船只误报率不到2%。

    Though legitimate⁴ reasons exist for sailing incognito⁵, the researchers point to a number of suspicious sites of activity.

    尽管隐身航行有正当的理由，但研究人员指出了一些可疑的活动地点。

    These include a region in North Korean waters that the authors suggest corresponds to illegal fishing, having briefly⁶ boasted the world’s highest density⁷ of fishing vessels between 2017 and 2019.

    其中包括朝鲜水域的一个地区，作者认为该地区与非法捕鱼有关，在2017年至2019年期间，该地区曾一度号称是世界上渔船密度最高的地区。

    Meanwhile the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, off the eastern coast of Australia, was visited by an average of three fishing vessels a day, suggesting possible unobserved environmental damage.

    与此同时，澳大利亚东海岸的大堡礁海洋公园平均每天有三艘渔船到访，这表明可能存在未被察觉的环境破坏。

    The researchers were also able to monitor the growth in stationary⁸ ocean-based infrastructure⁹, an area where no comprehensive data is publicly available.

    研究人员还能够监测固定的海洋基础设施的增长，这是一个没有公开全面数据的领域。

    On the positive side, they found that the number of wind turbines in China increased by 900% between 2017 and 2021; Britain and Germany led growth in Europe with more modest figures of 49% and 28%, respectively.

    在积极的方面，他们发现2017年至2021年间，中国的风力涡轮机数量增加了900%；英国和德国分别以49%和28%的适中数字引领欧洲经济增长。

    However, the number of offshore¹⁰ oil structures also increased by 16% during that same period.

    然而，同期海上石油结构的数量也增加了16%。

    With improved satellite data, and yet more sophisticated algorithms, an even clearer picture of ocean traffic will soon emerge.

    随着卫星数据改进，以及算法变得更复杂，一幅更清晰的海洋交通图景将很快出现。

    The Flying Dutchmans of the world, wherever they may be, will be mysterious no longer.

    世界上那些幽冥飞船，无论它们身在何处，都将不再神秘。

1 neural   

adj.神经的，神经系统的

参考例句：

• The neural network can preferably solve the non- linear problem.利用神经网络建模可以较好地解决非线性问题。
• The information transmission in neural system depends on neurotransmitters.信息传递的神经途径有赖于神经递质。

2 marine   

adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵

参考例句：

• Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

3 vessels   

n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人

参考例句：

• The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

4 legitimate   

adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法

参考例句：

• Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave.生病是请假的一个正当的理由。
• That's a perfectly legitimate fear.怀有这种恐惧完全在情理之中。

5 incognito   

adv.匿名地；n.隐姓埋名；adj.化装的，用假名的，隐匿姓名身份的

参考例句：

• He preferred to remain incognito.他更喜欢继续隐姓埋名下去。
• He didn't want to be recognized,so he travelled incognito.他不想被人认出，所以出行时隐瞒身分。

6 briefly   

adv.简单地，简短地

参考例句：

• I want to touch briefly on another aspect of the problem.我想简单地谈一下这个问题的另一方面。
• He was kidnapped and briefly detained by a terrorist group.他被一个恐怖组织绑架并短暂拘禁。

7 density   

n.密集，密度，浓度

参考例句：

• The population density of that country is 685 per square mile.那个国家的人口密度为每平方英里685人。
• The region has a very high population density.该地区的人口密度很高。

8 stationary   

adj.固定的，静止不动的

参考例句：

• A stationary object is easy to be aimed at.一个静止不动的物体是容易瞄准的。
• Wait until the bus is stationary before you get off.你要等公共汽车停稳了再下车。

9 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

10 offshore   

adj.海面的，吹向海面的；adv.向海面

参考例句：

• A big program of oil exploration has begun offshore.一个大规模的石油勘探计划正在近海展开。
• A gentle current carried them slowly offshore.和缓的潮流慢慢地把他们带离了海岸。