纪录片《药物依赖》 第35期：消除了好细菌

Within three hours of being born,

出生后不到2小时

we have bacteria already starting to thrive

我们的肠道和皮肤带有的细菌

in our intestines¹ and on our skin.

就开始繁殖了

They make essential food for us in our large bowel².

在我们的大肠生产必要的养分

They make us vitamins.

提供维生素

The natural state of affairs

这种进化了数百万年

that has evolved over millions of years

达到的自然状态

is one of an exquisitely³ fine balance

是我们身上的细菌

between the bacteria that live on and in us, and ourselves.

和我们本身之间的精巧平衡

Antibiotics⁵ that man has made

而人们制造出抗生素

have only been here for 70 years

只是从70年前才开始

and they are so powerful.

这些抗生素强大到

That balance can with one tablet

只需一颗药片

be completely wiped out.

这种平衡就完全被打破

Bacteria we carry with us

我们所携带的细菌

work alongside our immune system,

与我们自身免疫系统协同作用

helping⁶ us fight off nastier bacterial⁷ invaders⁸.

帮助我们击退有害细菌的入侵

But a broad-spectrum antibiotic⁴ can't

但是广谱抗生素

distinguish the more helpful bacteria from the harmful.

无法分辨出细菌是有益还是有害的

They all get killed in the mix,

而是将它们全部清除掉

leaving you more vulnerable to other bugs⁹.

使你更易受到其他病原的侵害

1 intestines   

n.肠( intestine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Perhaps the most serious problems occur in the stomach and intestines. 最严重的问题或许出现在胃和肠里。 来自辞典例句
• The traps of carnivorous plants function a little like the stomachs and small intestines of animals. 食肉植物的捕蝇器起着动物的胃和小肠的作用。 来自辞典例句

2 bowel   

n.肠(尤指人肠)；内部，深处

参考例句：

• Irritable bowel syndrome seems to affect more women than men.女性比男性更易患肠易激综合征。
• Have you had a bowel movement today?你今天有排便吗？

3 exquisitely   

adv.精致地；强烈地；剧烈地；异常地

参考例句：

• He found her exquisitely beautiful. 他觉得她异常美丽。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He wore an exquisitely tailored gray silk and accessories to match. 他穿的是做工非常考究的灰色绸缎衣服，还有各种配得很协调的装饰。 来自教父部分

4 antibiotic   

adj.抗菌的；n.抗生素

参考例句：

• The doctor said that I should take some antibiotic.医生说我应该服些用抗生素。
• Antibiotic can be used against infection.抗菌素可以用来防止感染。

5 antibiotics   

n.（用作复数）抗生素；（用作单数）抗生物质的研究；抗生素，抗菌素( antibiotic的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• the discovery of antibiotics in the 20th century 20世纪抗生素的发现
• The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics. 医生给我开了抗生素。

6 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

7 bacterial   

a.细菌的

参考例句：

• Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间，细菌繁殖加快了。
• Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。

8 invaders   

入侵者，侵略者，侵入物( invader的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They prepared to repel the invaders. 他们准备赶走侵略军。
• The family has traced its ancestry to the Norman invaders. 这个家族将自己的世系追溯到诺曼征服者。

9 bugs   

adj.疯狂的，发疯的n.窃听器( bug的名词复数 )；病菌；虫子；[计算机]（制作软件程序所产生的意料不到的）错误

参考例句：

• All programs have bugs and need endless refinement. 所有的程序都有漏洞，都需要不断改进。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The sacks of rice were swarming with bugs. 一袋袋的米里长满了虫子。 来自《简明英汉词典》