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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
Unit 12 Are you Fit and Healthy?
Part Ⅰ Getting ready
Health is freedom from disease. However, to be just healthy is not enough. If you are overweight, you're more likely to develop some diseases than people with normal weight. When you're worried too much, it's more likely for you to suffer from headaches and difficulty in sleeping. Therefore, you should also try to keep fit so that you are able to meet the physical needs around you.
A The following words and phrase will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the definitions.
1. junk food: food that is not very good for your health but is easy and quick to prepare
2. obese1: extremely fat
3. waist: the narrow part of your body above your hips2
4. quit: stop
5. sneeze: take in the breath and then blow it down the nose noisily
6. resistance: the power to remain unharmed or unaffected
7. workout: a period of physical exercise or training
8. vigorous3: energetic; lively
9. toss4: move repeatedly from side to side
10. pulse: the regular beating of blood through the body, which can be felt in particular parts of the body
We eat food every day. However, if we eat too much food we get overweight. It is usually caused by the consumption5 of more calories than the body can use. The excess calories are then stored as fat. Being extremely fat can also lead to a serious medical problem.
B You are going to hear a dialogue. Supply the missing words.
Yume: Mike, why are so many Americans________?
Mike: Well, that's a good question, Yume. You'd think that with the current __________craze in the U.S. there wouldn't be so many overweight Americans.
Yume: Just how many people are overweight?
Mike: About _______ of Americans are overweight. Interestingly, one study said that low-income groups have a __________ percentage of overweight people than higher income families.
Yume: Are there any other ________ like that in the study?
Mike: Yes. The study also said that the ______ the climate, the lower the percentage of obese people.
Yume: That makes sense. When it's hot, you usually don't feel like eating ___________.
Mike: Is that why Japanese people are typically skinnier than Americans?
Yume: Well, our diet has a lot less fat and _____ than American food. And Americans eat a lot more ______ than we do.
Mike: You're right. And we also eat more __________ and junk food. But there's another reason why so many Americans are fat.
Yume: What's that?
Mike: Nobody _________ anymore-not even kids. The average American home has the TV on for _______ hours a day!
Yume: Wow! No wonder you Americans are so fat. You don't get enough _____________. Say, Mike, aren't you getting a little bigger in the waist?
Mike: Yeah, I guess so.
Yume: You really need to watch _______ you eat and get some exercise.
Mike: Hey, I started a diet and lost ________ pounds.
Yume: So what happened?
Mike: I quit and gained it all back plus ________pounds.
We are under stress when we are faced with a demand and do not know how to handle it. Stress may be caused by life's events, such as, starting school, examinations, a new job, sickness, and death. Situations can cause stress too. Besides, the environment ?noise, heat, overcrowding ?and ourselves, like our personality, our beliefs, are also some of the causes of stress. Since stress is part of life, we cannot get rid of it. But we can learn how to control stress.
C You are going to hear a short passage, focusing on the stressful situations involved and the four ways to control stress. Supply the missing information.
__________ problems -> disagreement between
people; how to______
people
Stressful situations __________ problems -> problem solving;____
___________
Money problems -> not enough to _____;
disagreement over___
_________________
Part Ⅱ Stress and catching6 colds
Life's events, such as losing a job, sickness, examinations, cause stress because they bring about changes in our lives. A little stress makes us think and try harder. But too much stress or stress that goes on for a long time can affect our mental health and physical health as well. It can make people nervous, worried, depressed7 or bad-tempered8. It can also cause difficulty in sleeping, loss of appetite, or headaches.
A You are going to hear a science report in which scientists explored the relationship between stress and colds. While listening for the first time, add more key words in the notes column. After the second listening, match column A with column B.
Column A Column B
1. Colds can result from __ at a higher risk of developing a cold
2. People who feel extreme tension __ the risk of a cold
for a period of time may (be)
3. Signs of a cold include __ lack of exercise, poor diet, or working
too hard
4. Severe stress lasting9 a month or __ coughing, sneezing and a blocked nose
more increases
B Now try this: listen to a more authentic10 version of the report. Complete the experiment report.
Experiment Report
Project: Link between stress and colds
Researchers: Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh
Subjects: ________ people Age: ____________
Procedure: 1. Subjects were given _______ -physical
-social
- _______
- _______
2. ________ were placed in the noses.
3. The next five days ?examining to find out who became infected & ____________.
Findings: 1. Stress lowers ____________.
2. Severe stress lasting ____________ increases ____________.
3. People suffering from stress caused by ____________ are more likely to get sick.
4. Two causes of stress- ____________ -increase the risk ____________.
Part Ⅲ "So you wanna keep fit, huh?"
Exercise strengthens your heart and lungs. When you exercise, your muscles become stronger and your joints11 more flexible. However, if you want to get the most benefit out of an exercise, you also need to make a plan for it. Do you know how to do that?
A You are going to hear the first part of a radio feature, focusing on the time and the five golden rules. While listening for the first time, take down key words in the notes column. After the second listening, supply the missing information.
How long? What for?
Warming-up exercises ____________ ______________
Vigorous activity ____________ ______________
Cool-down exercises ____________ ______________
The five golden rules:
1. Always wear ____________ clothes when you're exercising. You need to feel ____________.
2. You should always do some simple _________ first. To get your body ready for ________________.
3. Never try to do ___________. Take it nice and easy now. There's ___________ about this.
4. Don't forget to relax completely for ___________ when you've finished your workout. You need to __________ after you've been exercising.
5. _______________ if you feel any pain in your ___________.
B Now listen to the second part. What is that exercise that Crystal Collins shares with us? Pick out the correct pictures that describe the exercise and arrange them in correct order.
Part Ⅳ More about the topic: Are You Fit and Healthy?
To keep fit and healthy is everybody's life goal. Then how can we achieve that? Does it just mean that we do a lot of exercise now and then?
The following passage is about health, diet and exercise. After listening for the first time, decide whether the statements are true or false. Put "T" or "F" in the brackets12. After the second listening, try to find out the English equivalents13 of those expressions in the material.
True or false
( ) 1. The average adult needs nine hours sleep per night.
( ) 2. If you can't sleep, get up and do something active.
( ) 3. Crash diets are good for you if you want to lose more weight.
( ) 4. The most important point of the "high protein" diet is that you mustn't cook the food with oil, butter or any fat.
( ) 5. The orange and milk diet includes oranges, oil and one litre of milk.
( ) 6. If you want to keep fit, you need to do a lot of exercise now and then.
Chinese English
弥补失去的睡眠 _____________________
薄荷茶 _____________________
辗转反侧 _____________________
一茶匙 _____________________
均衡多样的饮食 _____________________
减少使人肥胖的食物 _____________________
彻底戒除食糖 _____________________
替代品 _____________________
不粘煎锅 _____________________
深呼吸 _____________________
一段楼梯 _____________________
感觉气喘嘘嘘 _____________________
Part Ⅴ Memory test: How Much Exercise Is Enough Exercise?
How much do we need to exercise for fitness14? How often? How hard? How long? Is it the longer the better? Our body gets enough exercise only when our heart is working at a certain speed. Mild exercise may be better than nothing, but it also cannot improve our fitness.
You are going to hear a short passage on exercise. Work out your own target heart speed range. Then arrange the fitness effect checking process in its correct order.
Your own target heart speed range:
My target heart speed range is between ____________ and _________ beats per minute.
Check whether your exercise gives you the fitness effect
1. starting energetic exercise
2. stopping
3. 5 minutes' warm-up exercise
4. checking pulse rate
5. 10 minutes' energetic exercise
6. counting pulse beats
_______-> _______-> _______-> _______-> _______-> _______
Part Ⅵ Reminder15 of key points in this unit
Verb & Verb Phrase Noun & Noun Phrase Other
Part Ⅰ make sense junk food plus
feel like obese
quit Two heads are
gain better than one.
sacrifice
Part Ⅱ infect virus severe
affect coughing
sneezing
a blocked nose
resistance
Part Ⅲ relax warming-up exercise vigorous
take it nice cool-down exercise golden
take it easy heart rate
step up rush
workout
Part Ⅳ catch up on herb tea
toss a (tea)spoonful of
Part Ⅴ multiply stretch exercise upper
keep in mind pulse rate lower
pulse beat minus
accurate
收听单词发音 |
1
obese
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| adj.过度肥胖的，肥大的 | |
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2
hips
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| abbr.high impact polystyrene 高冲击强度聚苯乙烯，耐冲性聚苯乙烯n.臀部( hip的名词复数 )；[建筑学]屋脊；臀围（尺寸）；臀部…的 | |
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3
vigorous
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| adj.有力的，用力的，精力充沛的 | |
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toss
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| n./v.突然抬起，摇摆，扔 | |
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5
consumption
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| n.消费，消耗，消费额，消耗量，结核病 | |
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6
catching
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| adj.易传染的，有魅力的，迷人的，接住 | |
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7
depressed
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| adj.沮丧的，抑郁的，不景气的，萧条的 | |
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bad-tempered
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| adj.脾气坏的 | |
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9
lasting
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| adj.永久的，永恒的；vbl.持续，维持 | |
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10
authentic
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| a.真的，真正的；可靠的，可信的，有根据的 | |
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11
joints
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| 接头( joint的名词复数 )； 关节； 公共场所（尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所） （非正式）； 一块烤肉 （英式英语） | |
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12
brackets
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| n.括弧( bracket的名词复数 )；等级；类别层次；壁架v.把…括在括弧内( bracket的第三人称单数 )；把…归为一类 | |
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13
equivalents
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| n.相等的东西( equivalent的名词复数 )；对应词 | |
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14
fitness
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| n.适合，适当，健康，健身 | |
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15
reminder
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| n.提醒物，纪念品；暗示，提示 | |
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