Listen this way听力教程第三册-4

Unit 4   Reports on Disasters & Accidents

Part Ⅰ  Getting ready
Every year disasters and accidents kill thousands of people, injure millions more, and destroy buildings, land, and valuables. Some natural disasters and a few accidents are strange and unusual and little can be done to guard against them and they are nobody's fault; while other disasters, especially many accidents, can easily be prevented by following some simple rules.

A  The following words will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the definitions.
   1. tornado¹: violent and destructive whirlwind
   2. mudslide: a slow, sticky mudflow down a gradual slope
   3. hijack²: seize control forcibly of (an aircraft, bus, ship, etc.), in order to achieve certain aims or to go to a desired destination
   4. toll³: the number lost, taken, etc.
   5. evacuate⁴: remove (inhabitants, etc.) from (a place or area), as for protective purposes
   6. relief: any aid given in times of need, danger, or disaster
   7. calamity⁵: disaster; any extreme misfortune bringing great loss and sorrow
   8. casualty: person killed or seriously injured in an accident
   9. debris⁶: wreckage⁷; rough, broken bits and pieces of stone, wood, glass, etc., as after destruction
  10. rubble⁸: debris from buildings, etc., resulting from earthquake, bombing, etc.

B  You are going to hear some brief news items. Supply the missing words.
   ● A ___________ went off in a busy _________ area in east Belfast last night killing⁹ one policeman and injuring _________ bystanders.
   ● Florida authorities say more than _________ homes were destroyed by the _________, which ripped through the central part of the state.
   ● A dramatic development in the explosive situation on Green Isle¹⁰: a _________________ from Northbridge to Greenport has been _____________ by a group of extremists calling themselves the "________________________".
   ● Relief workers in ________ have finally gotten a break from the severe weather that has hampered¹¹ efforts to _______ from flooding. The flooding and mudslides last month have killed more than _________ people and left________homeless.
   ● A bank in Manchester was __________ at gunpoint yesterday as _______ men burst in at ____________ wearing masks and carrying shotguns. The robbers escaped with over ____________ pounds.
   ● Florida was hit yesterday afternoon by a ___________ of up to ________ miles an hour. _________ people are believed to be dead and over ____________ injured.
   ● The Greek airliner¹² that was _________ and flown to Algeria on ___________ is now on its way back to Athens.

Part Ⅱ  Hurricanes & tornadoes¹³
Hurricanes and tornadoes are the two most violent and destructive storms on earth. They can cause great damage to property and loss of life. Anyone who has been through a hurricane or a tornado is likely to remember the experience the rest of his life.

A  You are going to hear a news item. While listening for the first time, write down some key words in the notes column. After the second listening, answer the following questions.
   Questions:
   1. What is the news item mainly about?
      The news item is about ___________ in India.

   2. How many people could have died?
      ____________________________________________

   3. How strong were the winds?
      ____________________________________________

   4. Who came to help?
      ____________________________________________

   5. What consequences were brought about apart from casualties?
      Homes were flattened¹⁴, crops were ____________, transport __________ were cut, and houses _____________.

   6.   How many people are thought to have died when a ferry sank?
      ____________________________________________

   7.  How many people have been evacuated¹⁵?
      ____________________________________________

 
B  Listen to the following news item. While listening for the first time, take down some key words in the left-hand column. After the second listening, answer the following questions.
   Questions
   1. What?
      The worst of the __________ and __________ appears to be __________.

   2. Where?
      ___________________________________________

   3. When?
      ___________________________________________
 

   4. How was air traffic?
      It was ____________________
  
   5. How many people died?
      ___________________________________________

   6. Why are the casualty figures low?
      Because _____________________ were issued beforehand.

C  Now try this: listen to a more authentic¹⁶ version of the news item. Do the multiple choice.
   1. Most flights are going to be normalized ____________.
      a. in a week                              
      b. by next Tuesday
      c. tomorrow
      d. tonight
 
   2. There will be serious delays on the _______ motorways¹⁷ on the coming weekend.
      a. French and Italian              
      b. German and Italian
      c. Swiss and German             
      d. French and Swiss

   3. The damage to homes and property in France is expected to be at least ____________.
      a. 40 000 000 francs
      b. 400 000 000 francs
      c. 4 000 000 francs
      d. 4 000 000 000 francs

   4. Motorists and rail travelers in ____________ are not expected to travel during the next few days.
      a. Germany                         
      b. Switzerland
      c. Northern Italy                   
      d. France
  
part Ⅲ  Earthquakes
Earthquakes do not occur in all parts of the world. They are confined to certain definite areas, or belts. The most important belt is the rim¹⁸ of the Pacific Ocean. Since earthquakes are highly destructive and may cost many people's lives, it is quite necessary that the seismologist be able to predict when and where there is going to be an earthquake.

A  You are going to hear a news item about an earthquake. Write down every word as a dictation. It will be read three times. First reading, read from beginning to end. Second reading, read with pauses. Third reading, read without pauses again.
   ______________________________________________
   ______________________________________________
   ______________________________________________
   ______________________________________________
   ______________________________________________
   ______________________________________________
    
B  Listen to a news item carefully. While listening to it, write down some key words in the notes column.
   ______________________________________________
   ______________________________________________
   ______________________________________________
   ______________________________________________
   ______________________________________________
   ______________________________________________

C  Now try this: listen to a more authentic version of the news item and fill in the missing information.
   Main Ideas                Supporting Details   
   Ⅰ. Event: an earthquake  A. time: on ______ night, Nov. ______
                             B. place: in ________________________
   Ⅱ. Estimated deaths      A. present number: __________________
                             B. possible toll: ___________________
   Ⅲ. Destruction           A. the worst damage: in _____________
                                ___________________ outside Naples
                                1. hit a village _________________
                                2. hit a local ___________________
                                3. hit many ______________________
                             B. in Naples: _______________________
                                1. many buildings of _____________
                                   stories collapsing¹⁹
                                2. many people spending the night
                                   _______________________________
                                3. with smaller tremors²⁰, townspeople
                                   rushing for __________________,
                                   resulting in _______ roads and
                                   _______________
                                4. _______________________ broken
                                5. _____________ supplies failing
   Ⅳ. Difficulties in       A. bad weather conditions:
       rescue work              1. _____________
                                2. _____________
                             B. ______ conditions in some areas
                                not very good

Part Ⅳ  More about the topic: Earthquake Tips
Now seismologists are even able to record an earthquake that is occurring thousands of miles away from us. However, about 10% of each year's earthquakes present them with a puzzle. These quakes could not be located in any geographical²¹ position. Therefore, one has to learn something about what to do in case an earthquake occurs without any notice.

Now listen to a passage about earthquake tips. The following phrases describe what you should do and should not do when an earthquake hits. Put these phrases into the correct column.

  ◆ Protect your head with your arms.
  ◆ Listen to the radio or watch TV for emergency bulletins.
  ◆ Stay near the window.
  ◆ Telephone your friends to see if they're OK.
  ◆ Stay inside.
  ◆ Leave right away.
  ◆ Watch out for falling objects.
  ◆ Go on driving.
  ◆ Give first aid, if necessary.
  ◆ Use the elevators.
  ◆ Duck under a desk or sturdy table.
  ◆ Use flashlights when gas is leaking.
  ◆ Hold onto your cover.
  ◆ Rush for exits.
  ◆ Check for fire.
 
                           Do's             Don'ts
  General tips during      _______________  _________________
  an earthquake    
  In a high-rise building  _______________  _________________  
  While driving     _______________  _________________
  In a crowded store    _______________  _________________ 
  In a theater     _______________  _________________
  After the earthquake    _______________  _________________ 

Part Ⅴ  Do you know ...?
Mushrooms are fleshy plants that are most likely to be found in pastures, meadows, and woodlands. Some mushrooms are delicious as food. A few kinds of mushrooms, which many people call toadstools, are poisonous. There is no completely safe way for anyone but an expert to distinguish wild edible²² mushrooms from very similar poisonous varieties. So it is much wiser to buy the mushrooms you eat than to collect wild ones.

You are going to hear a passage about mushrooms. Listen carefully and do the multiple choice with the help of the notes you have taken in the notes column.
   1. You cannot get mushrooms by _______________.
      a. searching for them in the water
      b. searching for them in the wild
      c. buying them in stores
      d. growing them
 
   2. Which of the following is not an American way of cooking mushrooms?
      a. They make mushroom bread.
      b. They make mushroom salad.
      c. They stew²³ mushrooms with onions in butter.
      d. They fry mushrooms in oil.

   3. Which of the following statements is true?
      a. People can grow mushrooms on trees alive.
      b. Most of the mushrooms are poisonous.
      c. There are no green mushrooms.
      d. Edible mushrooms are very nutritious²⁴.
  
   4. Some years ago in Russia, _______________ people died of eating poisonous mushrooms.
      a. 30
      b. 20
      c. 300
      d. 200
 
   5. Farmers in France sometimes use ______________ to find mushrooms hidden under the ground.
      a. satellites
      b. chickens
      c. laser lights
      d. pigs
 
   6. Which of the following statements is not true?
      a. Next week, we will know how to grow mushrooms.
      b. The attempt to oust²⁵ the then Russian President Gorbachev in 1990 was not successful.
      c. Mushrooms can only be found in certain parts of the world.
      d. Many people in Russia love hunting mushrooms.

Part Ⅵ  Reminder of key points in this unit
           Verb & Verb Phrase  Noun & Noun Phrase  Other
   Part Ⅰ rip                 firebomb
           take over           bystander
           hamper              tornado
                               extremist
                               mudslide
                               mask
                               hurricane 
                 hijack 
   Part Ⅱ cut off        death toll    tidal
    collapse        relief            forthcoming
    evacuate        eyewitness 
    normalize        ferry 
    urge                calamity 
                 chaos 
                 casualty 
   Part Ⅲ disrupt        makeshift    in the open
    ensue        rubble 
                 rescue 
                 tremor 
   Part Ⅳ duck                cabinet            sturdy
    dislodge        tile            orderly
    pull over        high-rise 
    anchor              sprinkler 
           take cover          debris 
    reassure        overpass 
    leak                latch 
    tune to        precaution 
                 bulletin 
   Part Ⅴ lack                chlorophyll   in the wild
    oust                garlic 
    mate                fungi 
                 potassium
                               niacin 
 

1 tornado   

n.飓风，龙卷风

参考例句：

• A tornado whirled into the town last week.龙卷风上周袭击了这座城市。
• The approaching tornado struck awe in our hearts.正在逼近的龙卷风使我们惊恐万分。

2 hijack   

v.劫持，劫机，拦路抢劫

参考例句：

• Most countries refuse to give sanctuary to people who hijack aeroplanes.大多数国家拒绝对劫机者提供庇护。
• The hijack take place just after the plane take off.劫持是飞机刚起飞后发生的。

3 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

4 evacuate   

v.遣送；搬空；抽出；排泄；大(小)便

参考例句：

• We must evacuate those soldiers at once!我们必须立即撤出这些士兵！
• They were planning to evacuate the seventy American officials still in the country.他们正计划转移仍滞留在该国的70名美国官员。

5 calamity   

n.灾害，祸患，不幸事件

参考例句：

• Even a greater natural calamity cannot daunt us. 再大的自然灾害也压不垮我们。
• The attack on Pearl Harbor was a crushing calamity.偷袭珍珠港(对美军来说)是一场毁灭性的灾难。

6 debris   

n.瓦砾堆，废墟，碎片

参考例句：

• After the bombing there was a lot of debris everywhere.轰炸之后到处瓦砾成堆。
• Bacteria sticks to food debris in the teeth,causing decay.细菌附着在牙缝中的食物残渣上，导致蛀牙。

7 wreckage   

n.（失事飞机等的）残骸，破坏，毁坏

参考例句：

• They hauled him clear of the wreckage.他们把他从形骸中拖出来。
• New states were born out of the wreckage of old colonial empires.新生国家从老殖民帝国的废墟中诞生。

8 rubble   

n.（一堆）碎石，瓦砾

参考例句：

• After the earthquake,it took months to clean up the rubble.地震后，花了数月才清理完瓦砾。
• After the war many cities were full of rubble.战后许多城市到处可见颓垣残壁。

9 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

10 isle   

n.小岛，岛

参考例句：

• He is from the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea.他来自爱尔兰海的马恩岛。
• The boat left for the paradise isle of Bali.小船驶向天堂一般的巴厘岛。

11 hampered   

妨碍，束缚，限制( hamper的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The search was hampered by appalling weather conditions. 恶劣的天气妨碍了搜寻工作。
• So thought every harassed, hampered, respectable boy in St. Petersburg. 圣彼德堡镇的那些受折磨、受拘束的体面孩子们个个都是这么想的。

12 airliner   

n.客机，班机

参考例句：

• The pilot landed the airliner safely.驾驶员使客机安全着陆。
• The passengers were shepherded across the tarmac to the airliner.旅客们被引导走过跑道去上飞机。

13 tornadoes   

n.龙卷风，旋风( tornado的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Tornadoes, severe earthquakes, and plagues create wide spread havoc. 龙卷风、大地震和瘟疫成普遍的毁坏。 来自互联网
• Meteorologists are at odds over the working of tornadoes. 气象学者对龙卷风的运动方式看法不一。 来自互联网

14 flattened   

[医]（水）平扁的，弄平的

参考例句：

• She flattened her nose and lips against the window. 她把鼻子和嘴唇紧贴着窗户。
• I flattened myself against the wall to let them pass. 我身体紧靠着墙让他们通过。

15 evacuated   

撤退者的

参考例句：

• Police evacuated nearby buildings. 警方已将附近大楼的居民疏散。
• The fireman evacuated the guests from the burning hotel. 消防队员把客人们从燃烧着的旅馆中撤出来。

16 authentic   

a.真的，真正的；可靠的，可信的，有根据的

参考例句：

• This is an authentic news report. We can depend on it. 这是篇可靠的新闻报道, 我们相信它。
• Autumn is also the authentic season of renewal. 秋天才是真正的除旧布新的季节。

17 motorways   

n.高速公路( motorway的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Most of Britain's motorways radiated from London. 英国的大多数公路从伦敦向四方延伸。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Cuba is well served by motorways. 古巴的高速公路四通八达。 来自辞典例句

18 rim   

n.(圆物的)边，轮缘；边界

参考例句：

• The water was even with the rim of the basin.盆里的水与盆边平齐了。
• She looked at him over the rim of her glass.她的目光越过玻璃杯的边沿看着他。

19 collapsing   

压扁[平]，毁坏，断裂

参考例句：

• Rescuers used props to stop the roof of the tunnel collapsing. 救援人员用支柱防止隧道顶塌陷。
• The rocks were folded by collapsing into the center of the trough. 岩石由于坍陷进入凹槽的中心而发生褶皱。

20 tremors   

震颤( tremor的名词复数 )； 战栗； 震颤声； 大地的轻微震动

参考例句：

• The story was so terrible that It'sent tremors down my spine. 这故事太可怕，它使我不寒而栗。
• The story was so terrible that it sent tremors down my spine. 这故事太可怕，它使我不寒而栗。

21 geographical   

adj.地理的；地区(性)的

参考例句：

• The current survey will have a wider geographical spread.当前的调查将在更广泛的地域范围內进行。
• These birds have a wide geographical distribution.这些鸟的地理分布很广。

22 edible   

n.食品，食物；adj.可食用的

参考例句：

• Edible wild herbs kept us from dying of starvation.我们靠着野菜才没被饿死。
• This kind of mushroom is edible,but that kind is not.这种蘑菇吃得，那种吃不得。

23 stew   

n.炖汤，焖，烦恼；v.炖汤，焖，忧虑

参考例句：

• The stew must be boiled up before serving.炖肉必须煮熟才能上桌。
• There's no need to get in a stew.没有必要烦恼。

24 nutritious   

adj.有营养的，营养价值高的

参考例句：

• Fresh vegetables are very nutritious.新鲜蔬菜富于营养。
• Hummingbirds have discovered that nectar and pollen are very nutritious.蜂鸟发现花蜜和花粉是很有营养的。

25 oust   

vt.剥夺，取代，驱逐

参考例句：

• The committee wanted to oust him from the union.委员会想把他从工会中驱逐出去。
• The leaders have been ousted from power by nationalists.这些领导人被民族主义者赶下了台。