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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
Ecotourismby Linda BaxterImagine the scene. You're sitting in the hot sunshine beside the swimming pool of your international luxury1 hotel, drinking your imported gin and tonic2. In front of you is the beach, reserved for hotel guests with motor boats for hire. Behind you is an 18-hole golf course, which was cleared from the native forest and is kept green by hundreds of water sprinklers. Around the hotel are familiar international restaurant chains and the same shops that you have at home. You've seen some local people - some of them sell local handicrafts outside the hotel. You bought a small wooden statue and after arguing for half an hour you only paid a quarter of what the man was asking. Really cheap!
Is this your idea of heaven or would you prefer something different?
Before you read on, try the vocabulary activity, which practises words and phrases that are important for you to understand the text.
Nowadays, many of us try to live in a way that will damage the environment as little as possible. We recycle our newspapers and bottles, we take public transport to get to work, we try to buy locally produced fruit and vegetables and we stopped using aerosol3 sprays4 years ago. And we want to take these attitudes on holiday with us. This is why alternative forms of tourism are becoming more popular all over the world.
But what is ecotourism?There are lots of names for these new forms of tourism: responsible tourism, alternative tourism, sustainable tourism, nature tourism, adventure tourism, educational tourism and more. Ecotourism probably involves a little of all of them. Everyone has a different definition5 but most people agree that ecotourism must:
conserve6 the wildlife and culture of the area.
benefit the local people and involve the local community
be sustainable, that is make a profit without destroying natural resources
provide an experience that tourists want to pay for.
So for example, in a true ecotourism project, a nature reserve allows a small number of tourists to visit its rare animals and uses the money that is generated7 to continue with important conservation work. The local people have jobs in the nature reserve as guides and wardens8, but also have a voice in how the project develops. Tourists stay in local houses with local people, not in specially9 built hotels. So they experience the local culture and do not take precious energy and water away from the local population. They travel on foot, by boat, bicycle or elephant so that there is no pollution. And they have a special experience that they will remember all of their lives.
This type of tourism can only involve small numbers of people so it can be expensive. But you can apply the principles of ecotourism wherever you go for your holiday. Just remember these basic rules.
Be prepared. Learn about the place that you're going to visit. Find out about its culture and history. Learn a little of the native language, at least basics like 'Please', 'Thank you', and 'Good Morning'. Think of your holiday as an opportunity to learn something.
Have respect for local culture. Wear clothes that will not offend10 people. Always ask permission before you take a photograph. Remember that you are a visitor.
Don't waste resources. If the area doesn't have much water, don't take two showers every day.
Remember the phrase "Leave nothing behind you except footprints and take nothing away except photographs." Take as much care of the places that you visit as you take of your own home. · Don't buy souvenirs made from endangered animals or plants.
Walk or use other non-polluting forms of transport whenever you can.
Be flexible and keep a sense of humour when things go wrong.
Stay in local hotels and eat in local restaurants. Buy local products whenever possible and pay a fair price for what you buy.
Choose your holiday carefully. Don't be afraid to ask the holiday company about what they do that is 'eco'. Remember that 'eco' is very fashionable today and a lot of holidays that are advertised as ecotourism are not much better than traditional tourism.
But before you get too enthusiastic, think about how you are going to get to your dream 'eco' paradise11. Flying is one of the biggest man-made sources of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Friends of the Earth say that one return flight from London to Miami puts as much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere as the average British car driver produces in a year. So don't forget that you don't have to fly to exotic12 locations for your 'eco' holiday. There are probably places of natural beauty and interest in your own country that you've never visited.
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1
luxury
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| n.难得享受到的愉悦；奢侈，奢华的生活 | |
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tonic
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| n./adj.滋补品，补药，强身的，健体的 | |
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aerosol
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| n.悬浮尘粒，气溶胶，烟雾剂，喷雾器 | |
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sprays
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| n.喷雾( spray的名词复数 )；浪花；喷雾器；（用作装饰的）小树枝v.喷( spray的第三人称单数 )；向…扫射（或抛洒），往…上撒；尤指雄猫撒尿（以示领地占有） | |
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definition
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| n.定义；限定，确定；清晰度 | |
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conserve
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| vt.保存，保护，节约，节省，守恒，不灭 | |
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generated
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| a.生成的 | |
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wardens
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| n.看守人( warden的名词复数 )；管理员；监察员；监察官 | |
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specially
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| adv.特定地；特殊地；明确地 | |
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offend
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| v.犯错误；违犯；犯罪 | |
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paradise
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| n.伊甸乐园，天堂 | |
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exotic
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| adj.奇异的，异乎寻常的，外（国）来的，外国产 | |
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