美国国家公共电台 NPR 美参议院公布通俄门最终报告

The Senate Intelligence Committee has for 3 1/2 years been investigating Russian interference in the 2016 election. This morning, they released the fifth and final volume of their bipartisan report. In this report, they focus on the counterintelligence threats — how the Russian government sought to influence both Trump¹ campaign officials and the election itself. NPR investigative correspondent Tim Mak has been reporting on this and is with us. Hi, Tim.

参议院情报委员会3年半以来一直在调查俄罗斯干预2016年大选一事。今天早上，他们发布了第五卷也是最后一卷两党报告。这份报告聚焦反情报威胁，即俄罗斯政府如何试图影响特朗普竞选团队官员以及大选本身。NPR新闻的调查记者蒂姆·马克一直在报道相关消息，现在他将和我们连线。你好，蒂姆。

TIM MAK, BYLINE²: Hey, there.

蒂姆·马克连线：你好。

GREENE: So I know you've been following this for a while. What jumps out at you in this fifth and final volume?

格林：我知道你一段时间以来一直在追踪这则新闻。在第五卷也是最后一卷报告中，哪些信息引起了你的注意？

MAK: I think the big headline is that the report outlines former Trump campaign chairman Paul Manafort's work with a man named Konstantin Kilimnik, who they identify as a Russian intelligence officer. The Senate Intelligence Committee says that Manafort sought to share secret internal Trump campaign information with him, briefed Kilimnik on the campaign's polling data and how they wanted to beat Hillary Clinton in the 2016 election. The report also says that the committee obtained evidence that Kilimnik may have been related to the Russian government's hack³ and leak operations targeting the 2016 American election. Now, this is a real insight because it shows a link straight from the former Trump campaign chairman to the Russian intelligence services. And the report calls this a grave counterintelligence threat.

马克：我认为重点是，报告概述了前特朗普竞选团队主席保罗·马纳福特与康斯坦宁·基里姆尼克之间的合作，他们认定后者为俄罗斯情报官员。参议院情报委员会表示，马纳福特试图与他分享特朗普竞选团队的内部机密信息，并向基里姆尼克简要说明了竞选团队的民调数据，以及他们希望如何在2016年总统大选中击败希拉里·克林顿。报告还指出，委员会获得的证据表明，基里姆尼克可能与俄罗斯政府针对2016年美国大选的黑客攻击和泄密行动有关。这是真正的见解，因为其显示了前特朗普竞选团队主席与俄罗斯情报部门的直接联系。报告称这是严重的反情报威胁。

GREENE: Well, how long did that threat endure? I mean, Kilimnik was going through Manafort, it sounds like. But Manafort left the campaign midway through the election. Did his role stop there?

格林：这种威胁持续了多长时间？听起来基里姆尼克通过了马纳福特这一关。但马纳福特在大选进行到一半时退出了竞选团队。他所扮演的角色到此为止了吗？

MAK: I mean, Kilimnik, this Russian intelligence officer, also planted the seeds for another American scandal years later. Kilimnik, the report concludes, almost certainly helped to start this narrative⁴ that Ukraine, not Russia, interfered⁵ in the 2016 election. Now, you'll remember that this is the false narrative that helped fuel a phone call to the Ukrainian government that ultimately led to a series events involving Trump's — the president's impeachment⁶.

马克：俄罗斯情报官员基里姆尼克还为美国几年之后爆发的另一起丑闻埋下了种子。报告总结称，基里姆尼克几乎肯定助长了这种说法：干预2016年美国大选的是乌克兰，而不是俄罗斯。你应该记得，这种错误言论致使美国政府致电乌克兰政府，而这最终引发了一系列事件，包括特朗普弹劾案。

GREENE: Well, going back to the 2016 campaign, Tim, I mean, the big feature of that election that we all remember so well was the dumping of emails stolen from Democratic Party networks. Are we learning more about that incident from this report?

格林：蒂姆，说回2016年总统大选，那届选举令我们记忆深刻的是从民主党网络窃取的电子邮件被曝光。我们能否从这份报告中了解到那起事件的更多信息？

MAK: Right. As you mentioned, the 2016 campaign was upended by the sudden and unexpected hacking⁷ and release of thousands of pages of stolen emails by the website known as WikiLeaks. Right? The report founds — the report finds that Vladimir Putin personally ordered this operation and that WikiLeaks played a key role in this Russian campaign because it, quote, "very likely knew it was assisting a Russian intelligence influence effort."

马克：好。你刚才提到，2016年总统大选被突然且意想不到的黑客入侵以及维基解密网站公开的数千页遭窃取电子邮件搅得天翻地覆。对吧？报告发现，俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京亲自下令进行这项行动，维基解密在俄罗斯这场行动中扮演了关键角色，因为该网站“很可能知道其在协助俄罗斯的情报影响行动”。

On the Trump campaign side, the bipartisan report concludes that the Trump campaign sought to maximize the strategic value of these WikiLeaks dumps. They sought advance notice of when these disclosures would happen, and they created PR strategies to promote the materials once they came out. The report also concludes that the Trump campaign, quote, "encouraged further theft of information and continued leaks."

至于特朗普竞选团队，这份两党报告得出的结论是，特朗普竞选团队设法将维基解密公开电邮行动的战略价值最大化。他们试图提前通知这些电邮被披露的时间，并制定公关策略，一旦电邮被曝光，他们就进行宣布。报告还总结称，特朗普竞选团队“鼓励进一步窃取信息和持续泄密”。

GREENE: Well, I suspect this is not the last time we're going to be talking about the subject of Russia and potentially interfering⁸ in American politics, sadly. But this report does essentially⁹ put the lid on these years of investigations¹¹. I mean, can you sum up what we've learned?

格林：不幸的是，我想这不会是我们最后一次谈论俄罗斯以及潜在的干预美国政坛的话题。但这份报告确实令持续数年的调查画上句号。你能总结一下我们了解到的情况吗？

MAK: I mean, I think essentially this report and the other reports before it — the Mueller investigation¹⁰ shows that at critical moments in the campaign, the Trump campaign looked for assistance wherever they could find it, whether that was from folks that we now understand to be related to the Russian intelligence services or otherwise. The report shows that the Trump campaign wanted to do this for their own electoral prospects¹².

马克：基本上来说，我认为这份报告和前几份报告……穆勒调查表明，在竞选活动的关键时期，特朗普竞选团队从任何他们可以找到帮助的地方寻求帮助，无论是我们现在知道的与俄罗斯情报机构有关的人，还是其他人。该报告表明，特朗普竞选团队这样做是为了自已的竞选前景。

GREENE: NPR's investigative correspondent Tim Mak for us this morning. Tim, thank you so much.

格林：以上是NPR新闻的调查记者蒂姆·马克今天早上带来的报道。蒂姆，非常谢谢你。

MAK: Thank you.

马克：谢谢。

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

3 hack   

n.劈，砍，出租马车；v.劈，砍，干咳

参考例句：

• He made a hack at the log.他朝圆木上砍了一下。
• Early settlers had to hack out a clearing in the forest where they could grow crops.早期移民不得不在森林里劈出空地种庄稼。

4 narrative   

n.叙述，故事；adj.叙事的，故事体的

参考例句：

• He was a writer of great narrative power.他是一位颇有记述能力的作家。
• Neither author was very strong on narrative.两个作者都不是很善于讲故事。

5 interfered   

v.干预( interfere的过去式和过去分词 )；调停；妨碍；干涉

参考例句：

• Complete absorption in sports interfered with his studies. 专注于运动妨碍了他的学业。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I am not going to be interfered with. 我不想别人干扰我的事情。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 impeachment   

n.弹劾；控告；怀疑

参考例句：

• Impeachment is considered a drastic measure in the United States.在美国，弹劾被视为一种非常激烈的措施。
• The verdict resulting from his impeachment destroyed his political career.他遭弹劾后得到的判决毁了他的政治生涯。

7 hacking   

n.非法访问计算机系统和数据库的活动

参考例句：

• The patient with emphysema is hacking all day. 这个肺气肿病人整天不断地干咳。
• We undertook the task of hacking our way through the jungle. 我们负责在丛林中开路。

8 interfering   

adj. 妨碍的 动词interfere的现在分词

参考例句：

• He's an interfering old busybody! 他老爱管闲事！
• I wish my mother would stop interfering and let me make my own decisions. 我希望我母亲不再干预，让我自己拿主意。

9 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

10 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

11 investigations   

（正式的）调查( investigation的名词复数 )； 侦查； 科学研究； 学术研究

参考例句：

• His investigations were intensive and thorough but revealed nothing. 他进行了深入彻底的调查，但没有发现什么。
• He often sent them out to make investigations. 他常常派他们出去作调查。

12 prospects   

n.希望，前途(恒为复数)

参考例句：

• There is a mood of pessimism in the company about future job prospects. 公司中有一种对工作前景悲观的情绪。
• They are less sanguine about the company's long-term prospects. 他们对公司的远景不那么乐观。