纽约时报 谈判失败 通用5万工人罢工(2)

Polling data shows that the public has become increasingly supportive of organized labor¹.

民意调查数据显示，公众越来越支持有组织的劳工。

A Gallup poll in late August found that 64 percent of Americans approve of unions, up from below 50 percent a decade ago.

盖洛普8月底的一项民意调查显示，64%的美国人支持工会，十年前这一比例还不到50%。

Even so, some have been critical of the labor movement’s ability to capitalize on these trends, and of the U.A.W.’s failures in particular.

尽管如此，一些人还是对劳工运动有机会利用这些趋势牟利，尤其是UAW的不足提出了批评。

In June, the union narrowly lost a vote to organize a Volkswagen plant in Tennessee.

今年6月，该联合会在田纳西州组建大众汽车工厂的投票中以微弱劣势落败。

And the talks between G.M. and the union have been shadowed by a federal corruption² inquiry³

和通用汽车的谈判也被一项联邦反腐调查蒙上了阴影。

that has been looking into U.A.W. officials and at least two Fiat⁴ Chrysler executives.

该调查的调查对象为多名UAW官员以及至少两名菲亚特克莱斯勒高管。

The investigation⁵ has detailed⁶ the use of union funds for lavish⁷ travel and personal spending by senior U.A.W. officials, including the president, Gary Jones.

调查详细说明了会长加里·琼斯等UAW高管擅自挪动联合会资金，用于奢侈旅行和个人支出。

In a statement, G.M. said it had offered to make more than $7 billion in new investments in plants in the United States,

通用汽车在一份声明中表示，该公司愿意新增超70亿美元的国内工厂投资，

add 5,400 jobs and increase pay and benefits.

增加5400个工作岗位，并上调员工工资和福利。

“We presented a strong offer that improves wages, benefits and grows U.S. jobs in substantive⁸ ways,

“我们拿出了一个强有力的方案，不仅能大幅改善员工薪资和福利，还能大幅增长国内就业，

and it is disappointing that the U.A.W. leadership has chosen to strike at midnight tonight,” the company said on Sunday.

令人失望的是，UAW领导层还是选择了在今晚午夜举行罢工，”该公司周日表示。

“We have negotiated in good faith and with a sense of urgency.

“我们本着诚意和紧迫感进行了谈判。

Our goal remains⁹ to build a strong future for our employees and our business.”

我们的目标依然是为我们的员工，为我们企业创造一个强劲的未来。”

It is a challenging time for the industry over all,

随着美国、中国和其他主要市场的汽车销售放缓，

with auto¹⁰ sales slowing in the United States, China and other major markets,

电动汽车和自动驾驶等新技术需要的投资金额在数十亿美元，

and new technologies such as electric cars and self-driving vehicles requiring billions of dollars in investments.

放眼整个行业，当下都是充满挑战的时期。

“Carmakers’ profits today distract from two challenges,”

“如今，汽车制造商的利润分散了人们对两大挑战的注意力，”

said Erik Gordon, a University of Michigan business professor who follows the auto industry.

密歇根大学对汽车行业进行了跟踪调查的商科教授艾瑞克·戈登评论道。

“The makers¹¹ will be going into a down cycle of demand in their two most important markets

“就两大最重要的市场而言，制造商们即将进入一轮需求缩水的周期，

and they will have to make the biggest technology investments in their history to change to electric propulsion.”

要转型改制造电车，他们就不得不以史无前例的规模投资技术。”

One of the union’s aims is getting G.M. to reopen an idled car factory in Lordstown, Ohio, a goal that President Trump¹² has endorsed¹³.

让通用汽车重启位于俄亥俄州洛德斯敦的一家闲置汽车厂是联合会这次罢工的目标之一，这一目标也得到了特朗普总统的支持。

The plant had made the Chevrolet Cruze, a compact car whose sales plunged¹⁴ nearly 40 percent

小型车雪佛兰克鲁兹就是该工厂生产的产品，从2015年，也就是之前的那份劳动合同签订的时间，到2018年，

between 2015, when the previous labor contract was signed, and 2018.

该款车型销量暴跌了近40%。

The factory ceased production in March.

三月份，该工厂便停产了。

1 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

2 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

3 inquiry   

n.打听，询问，调查，查问

参考例句：

• Many parents have been pressing for an inquiry into the problem.许多家长迫切要求调查这个问题。
• The field of inquiry has narrowed down to five persons.调查的范围已经缩小到只剩5个人了。

4 fiat   

n.命令，法令，批准；vt.批准，颁布

参考例句：

• The opening of a market stall is governed by municipal fiat.开设市场摊位受市政法令管制。
• He has tried to impose solutions to the country's problems by fiat.他试图下令强行解决该国的问题。

5 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

6 detailed   

adj.详细的，详尽的，极注意细节的，完全的

参考例句：

• He had made a detailed study of the terrain.他对地形作了缜密的研究。
• A detailed list of our publications is available on request.我们的出版物有一份详细的目录备索。

7 lavish   

adj.无节制的；浪费的；vt.慷慨地给予，挥霍

参考例句：

• He despised people who were lavish with their praises.他看不起那些阿谀奉承的人。
• The sets and costumes are lavish.布景和服装极尽奢华。

8 substantive   

adj.表示实在的；本质的、实质性的；独立的；n.实词，实名词；独立存在的实体

参考例句：

• They plan to meet again in Rome very soon to begin substantive negotiations.他们计划不久在罗马再次会晤以开始实质性的谈判。
• A president needs substantive advice,but he also requires emotional succor. 一个总统需要实质性的建议，但也需要感情上的支持。

9 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

10 auto   

n.(=automobile)(口语)汽车

参考例句：

• Don't park your auto here.别把你的汽车停在这儿。
• The auto industry has brought many people to Detroit.汽车工业把许多人吸引到了底特律。

11 makers   

n.制造者，制造商（maker的复数形式）

参考例句：

• The makers of the product assured us that there had been no sacrifice of quality. 这一产品的制造商向我们保证说他们没有牺牲质量。
• The makers are about to launch out a new product. 制造商们马上要生产一种新产品。 来自《简明英汉词典》

12 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

13 endorsed   

vt.& vi.endorse的过去式或过去分词形式v.赞同( endorse的过去式和过去分词 )；在（尤指支票的）背面签字；在（文件的）背面写评论；在广告上说本人使用并赞同某产品

参考例句：

• The committee endorsed an initiative by the chairman to enter discussion about a possible merger. 委员会通过了主席提出的新方案，开始就可能进行的并购进行讨论。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The government has broadly endorsed a research paper proposing new educational targets for 14-year-olds. 政府基本上支持建议对14 岁少年实行新教育目标的研究报告。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 plunged   

v.颠簸( plunge的过去式和过去分词 )；暴跌；骤降；突降

参考例句：

• The train derailed and plunged into the river. 火车脱轨栽进了河里。
• She lost her balance and plunged 100 feet to her death. 她没有站稳，从100英尺的高处跌下摔死了。