纽约时报 意大利爆发多例冠状肺炎 欧洲陷入恐慌(1)

A Cluster of Cases in Italy Kindles¹ Fears in Europe.

意大利爆发多起冠状肺炎病例 欧洲陷入恐慌

By Jason Horowitz and Elisabetta Povoledo

文/杰森·霍洛维茨，伊莉莎贝塔·帕沃里德

Europe confronted its first major outbreak of the coronavirus

欧洲已经迎来冠状肺炎首次大爆发，

as an eruption² of more than 150 cases in Italy prompted officials on Sunday to lock down at least 10 towns,

逾150例新冠肺炎病例在意大利确诊，周日，意方官员已经封锁至少10座城镇，

close schools in major cities and cancel sporting events and cultural touchstones, including the end of the Venice carnival³.

暂停主要城市的学校的授课，取消体育赛事及威尼斯狂欢节等文化标杆活动。

The worrisome spike⁴ — from fewer than five known cases in Italy before Thursday —

确诊人数的激增——周四前意大利境内确诊病例还不到五例——

shattered the sense of safety and distance that much of the continent had felt in recent months

将欧洲大陆大部分地区的安全感和距离感击了个粉碎，

even as the virus has infected more than 78,000 worldwide and killed more than 2,400, nearly all in China.

尽管近几个月该病毒已经祸及全球7.8万多人，致死逾2400人，其中，大部分死亡人数都局限在中国一个国家。

The perception of a rising threat was amplified⁵ on television channels, newspaper headlines and social media feeds across Europe,

欧洲各地的电视频道、报纸头条和社交媒体进一步加强了人们对疫情威胁与日俱增的感受，

where leaders could face their greatest challenge since the 2015 migration⁶ crisis.

此次疫情或将成为2015年移民危机以来摆在欧洲各国领导人面前的最大挑战。

That surge of people into Europe radically⁷ altered the politics of the European Union and exposed its institutional weaknesses.

那次移民潮带来的人口激增彻底改变了欧盟的政治格局，也暴露了联盟存在的一些体制问题。

This time, it is an invisible virus from abroad that has slipped past Europe’s borders

这一次，来袭的是从外界传来，越过了欧洲边境的一种隐形的病毒，

and presents its bickering⁸ coalitions⁹ with a new potential emergency.

原本就争吵不休的联盟或将陷入一场新的紧急情势。

If the virus spreads, the fundamental principle of open borders within much of Europe —

如果病毒蔓延，欧洲大部分地区实行的‘开放式边境’的基本原则——

so central to the identity of the bloc¹⁰ — will undergo a stress test,

该原则对联盟的身份定位极其重要——就将面临一轮压力测试，

as will the vaunted but strained European public health systems, especially in countries that have undergone austerity measures.

欧盟颇为自得实际也很紧张的欧洲公共卫生系统，尤其是推行紧缩政策的国家的公共卫生系统也是如此。

Already, a new nervousness has pervaded¹¹ Europe.

截至目前，欧洲已经弥漫着一种新的紧张情绪。

In Italy’s Lombardy region, 10 towns were locked down after a cluster of cases suddenly emerged in Codogno, southeast of Milan.

在意大利的伦巴第地区，米兰东南部的科多诺突然出现一系列病例后，该地区便封锁了10个城镇，

Residents were supposed to leave or enter the towns only with special permission, affecting at least 50,000 people,

居民只有拥有特别许可才能进出城镇，至少5万人的生活起居因此受限，

and by Sunday night, police officers in surgical¹² masks were waving down cars.

到周日晚，警察已经开始佩戴外科口罩巡逻交通。

Austrian officials stopped a train en route from Italy to Austria and Germany to test passengers for the virus.

（当晚）奥方官员拦截了一列从意大利开往奥地利和德国的火车，对乘客进行病毒检测。

The Austrian interior minister, Karl Nehammer, said the tests came back negative so the train got the “all clear.”

奥地利内政部长卡尔·内哈默表示，检测结果为阴性，火车“正常放行”。

In France, the new health minister, Olivier Veran, stressed the country’s preparedness, saying it would significantly ramp¹³ up its testing.

法国新任卫生部长奥利维尔·维兰强调该国已经做好疫情防控准备，并将大力加强检测工作。

“There is a problematic situation at the door, in Italy, that we are watching with great attention,” he said on Sunday,

周日他表示：“棘手的形势已经叩响意大利的大门，我们已经在密切关注这一情况了。”

adding that a Europe-wide discussion between health ministers was in the works.

他接着补充道，欧洲各国卫生部长已经在着手就此事展开联合商议。

On Sunday night, an aid ship bringing hundreds of migrants, who had been rescued off the coast of Libya, to a Sicilian port

周日晚，一艘载着数百名在利比亚海岸获救的移民开往西西里某港口的救援船

received instructions from the Italian government to remain in quarantine for 14 days as a precaution,

接到了意大利政府的指示，为配合疫情防控工作，全体船员需隔离14天，

according to the ship’s Twitter account.

该船的推特账号发消息透露。

Fears of foreigners spreading the virus across oceans has already prompted some governments around the world to impose new border or travel controls.

对漂洋过海而来的外国人会扩散病毒的传播的担忧促使一些国家的政府推出了新的边境管制和出行管制措施。

The Trump¹⁴ administration has barred entry to the United States by most foreign nationals

特朗普政府就已经禁止大部分近期去过中国——此次冠状病毒最早出现并传播的国家——

who have recently visited China, where the virus first appeared and spread.

的外国公民进入美国。

Much of the world has adopted similar controls, but the virus has continued to spread, most notably¹⁵ to South Korea,

世界许多地区都推出了类似的管控措施，但病毒仍在继续传播，尤其是在韩国，

where more cases have been recorded than anywhere else outside China, and this past week to Iran, where eight deaths have been reported.

那里检测到的病例比中国以外的任何地方都多，上周又传播到了伊朗，当地报告已经有8人死亡。

1 kindles   

（使某物）燃烧，着火( kindle的第三人称单数 )； 激起（感情等）； 发亮，放光

参考例句：

• And as kindles hope, millions more will find it. 他们的自由又将影响周围，使更多的人民得到自由。
• A person who stirs up trouble or kindles a revolt. 煽动叛乱者，挑动争端者挑起麻烦或引起叛乱的人。

2 eruption   

n.火山爆发；（战争等）爆发；（疾病等）发作

参考例句：

• The temple was destroyed in the violent eruption of 1470 BC.庙宇在公元前1470年猛烈的火山爆发中摧毁了。
• The eruption of a volcano is spontaneous.火山的爆发是自发的。

3 carnival   

n.嘉年华会，狂欢，狂欢节，巡回表演

参考例句：

• I got some good shots of the carnival.我有几个狂欢节的精彩镜头。
• Our street puts on a carnival every year.我们街的居民每年举行一次嘉年华会。

4 spike   

n.长钉，钉鞋；v.以大钉钉牢，使...失效

参考例句：

• The spike pierced the receipts and held them in order.那个钉子穿过那些收据并使之按顺序排列。
• They'll do anything to spike the guns of the opposition.他们会使出各种手段来挫败对手。

5 amplified   

放大，扩大( amplify的过去式和过去分词 )； 增强； 详述

参考例句：

• He amplified on his remarks with drawings and figures. 他用图表详细地解释了他的话。
• He amplified the whole course of the incident. 他详述了事件的全过程。

6 migration   

n.迁移，移居，（鸟类等的）迁徙

参考例句：

• Swallows begin their migration south in autumn.燕子在秋季开始向南方迁移。
• He described the vernal migration of birds in detail.他详细地描述了鸟的春季移居。

7 radically   

ad.根本地，本质地

参考例句：

• I think we may have to rethink our policies fairly radically. 我认为我们可能要对我们的政策进行根本的反思。
• The health service must be radically reformed. 公共医疗卫生服务必须进行彻底改革。

8 bickering   

v.争吵( bicker的现在分词 )；口角；（水等）作潺潺声；闪烁

参考例句：

• The children are always bickering about something or other. 孩子们有事没事总是在争吵。
• The two children were always bickering with each other over small matters. 这两个孩子总是为些小事斗嘴。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

9 coalitions   

结合体，同盟( coalition的名词复数 )； （两党或多党）联合政府

参考例句：

• History testifies to the ineptitude of coalitions in waging war. 历史昭示我们，多数国家联合作战，其进行甚为困难。
• All the coalitions in history have disintegrated sooner or later. 历史上任何联盟迟早都垮台了。

10 bloc   

n.集团；联盟

参考例句：

• A solid bloc of union members support the decision.工会会员团结起来支持该决定。
• There have been growing tensions within the trading bloc.贸易同盟国的关系越来越紧张。

11 pervaded   

v.遍及，弥漫( pervade的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• A retrospective influence pervaded the whole performance. 怀旧的影响弥漫了整个演出。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The air is pervaded by a smell [smoking]. 空气中弥散着一种气味[烟味]。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

12 surgical   

adj.外科的，外科医生的，手术上的

参考例句：

• He performs the surgical operations at the Red Cross Hospital.他在红十字会医院做外科手术。
• All surgical instruments must be sterilised before use.所有的外科手术器械在使用之前，必须消毒。

13 ramp   

n.暴怒，斜坡，坡道；vi.作恐吓姿势，暴怒，加速；vt.加速

参考例句：

• That driver drove the car up the ramp.那司机将车开上了斜坡。
• The factory don't have that capacity to ramp up.这家工厂没有能力加速生产。

14 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

15 notably   

adv.值得注意地，显著地，尤其地，特别地

参考例句：

• Many students were absent,notably the monitor.许多学生缺席，特别是连班长也没来。
• A notably short,silver-haired man,he plays basketball with his staff several times a week.他个子明显较为矮小，一头银发，每周都会和他的员工一起打几次篮球。