纽约时报 贫困国家陷入新旧疫情的两面夹击(6)

After the W.H.O. and its vaccine¹ partners released the results of a survey last month

上个月，世卫组织及其疫苗合作伙伴公布了一项调查结果，

showing that 80 million babies under a year old were at risk of missing routine immunizations,

结果显示，有8000万名不足一岁的婴儿面临错过常规免疫接种的风险，

some countries, including Ethiopia, the Central African Republic and Nepal, began trying to restart their programs.

随后，埃塞俄比亚、中非共和国、尼泊尔等国家便意欲重启疫苗接种计划。

Uganda is now supplying health workers with motorbikes.

乌干达正在为医务工作者提供摩托车。

In Brazil, some pharmacies² are offering drive-by immunization services.

巴西的部分药店也已开始提供免下车接种服务。

In the Indian state of Bihar, a 50-year-old health care worker learned to ride a bicycle in three days

印度比哈尔邦一名50岁的医护人员不到三天便学会了自行车，

so she could take vaccines³ to far-flung families.

为的便是将疫苗送到偏远家庭手中。

UNICEF chartered a flight to deliver vaccines to seven African countries.

联合国儿童基金会不惜包机为七个非洲国家运送疫苗。

Dr.Cochi of the C.D.C., which provides technical and program support to more than 40 countries,

美国疾控中心承担着为40多个国家提供技术和项目支持的重任，该中心的科奇医生表示，

said that whether such campaigns can be conducted during the pandemic is an open question.

疫情期间能否开展这类接种活动目前仍属未知之数。

"It will be fraught⁴ with limitations.

“限制因素实在是太多了。

We're talking low-income countries where social distancing is not a reality, not possible," he said,

因为我们讨论的是低收入国家，在这些国家，居家隔离是不现实的，不可能的，”他说，

citing Brazilian favelas and migrant caravans⁵.

为此他还提到了巴西的贫民窟和移民的大篷车。

He hopes that polio campaigns will resume swiftly,

他希望能够早日恢复脊髓灰质炎（即小儿麻痹症）疫苗接种活动，

fearing that the pandemic could set back a global, decades-long effort to eradicate⁶ the disease.

因为他担心这场大流行会使国际社会为根除这种疾病付出的数十年的努力化为泡影。

Dr. Cochi is particularly worried about Pakistan and Afghanistan, where 61 cases of wild poliovirus Type 1 have been reported this year,

而最令科奇博士担心的要数巴基斯坦和阿富汗——两国今年已经报告了61例1型脊髓灰质炎病毒病例——

and about Chad, Ghana, Ethiopia and Pakistan, where cases of Type 2 poliovirus, mutated from the oral vaccine, have appeared.

以及乍得、加纳、埃塞俄比亚和巴基斯坦，因这四个国家均出现了经口服疫苗突变而成的2型脊髓灰质炎病毒病例。

Thabani Maphosa, a managing director at Gavi, which partners with 73 countries to purchase vaccines,

Gavi公司总经理塔巴尼·马福萨表示，与该公司合作购买疫苗的73个国家中已经有至少6个国家表示，

said that at least a half dozen of those countries say they cannot afford their usual share of vaccine costs because of the economic toll⁷ of the pandemic.

由于大流行造成的经济损失，他们已经无力负担以往承担的疫苗费用。

If the pandemic cleared within three months, Mr. Maphosa said,

如果疫情能在三个月内解除，马福萨称，

he believed the international community could catch up with immunizations over the next year and a half.

他相信，一年半后，国际社会便能恢复免疫接种工作。

"But our scenarios⁸ are not telling us that will happen," he added.

“但从目前的情形来看，我们怕是看不到这天了，”他接着说道。

1 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

2 pharmacies   

药店

参考例句：

• Still, 32 percent of the pharmacies filled the prescriptions. 但仍然有32%的药剂师配发了这两张药方。 来自互联网
• Chinese herbal pharmacies, and traditional massage therapists in the Vancouver telephone book. 中药店，和传统的按摩师在温哥华的电话簿里。 来自互联网

3 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

4 fraught   

adj.充满…的，伴有(危险等)的；忧虑的

参考例句：

• The coming months will be fraught with fateful decisions.未来数月将充满重大的决定。
• There's no need to look so fraught!用不着那么愁眉苦脸的！

5 caravans   

（可供居住的）拖车（通常由机动车拖行）( caravan的名词复数 )； 篷车； （穿过沙漠地带的）旅行队（如商队）

参考例句：

• Old-fashioned gypsy caravans are painted wooden vehicles that are pulled by horses. 旧式的吉卜赛大篷车是由马拉的涂了颜色的木质车辆。
• Old-fashioned gypsy caravans are painted wooden vehicles. 旧时的吉普赛大篷车是涂了颜色的木质车辆。

6 eradicate   

v.根除，消灭，杜绝

参考例句：

• These insects are very difficult to eradicate.这些昆虫很难根除。
• They are already battling to eradicate illnesses such as malaria and tetanus.他们已经在努力消灭疟疾、破伤风等疾病。

7 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

8 scenarios   

n.[意]情节；剧本；事态；脚本

参考例句：

• Further, graphite cores may be safer than non-graphite cores under some accident scenarios. 再者，根据一些事故解说，石墨堆芯可比非石墨堆芯更安全一些。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法
• Again, scenarios should make it clear which modes are acceptable to users in various contexts. 同样，我们可以运用场景剧本来搞清楚在不同情境下哪些模式可被用户接受。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓