纽约时报 新泽西州加大对百万富翁征税力度(2)

At least eight other states — including California, Massachusetts and New York —

至少还有其他八个州——包括加利福尼亚州、马萨诸塞州和纽约州——

have considered proposals to increase taxes on high-income residents,

在考虑对高收入居民增税的提议，

according to the National Conference of State Legislatures.

全国州议会会议数据显示。

The trend mirrors a pattern that followed the Great Recession,

这一趋势与（2009年）大萧条爆发后的模式如出一辙，

when at least 10 states raised taxes between 2010 to 2012 to balance budgets decimated by the economic downturn.

当时，至少有10个州在2010~2012年期间上调税率，平衡经济低迷导致的预算大幅缩水的问题。

But the decision to increase taxes in New Jersey¹ also comes

不过，新泽西州做出增税决定一事还有一大背景，

as progressives across the country are pushing for tax policies that can begin to narrow the gap between rich and poor,

那便是全国各地的进步人士都已开始致力于推动开启缩小贫富差距阀门的税收政策，

a divide amplified² by a pandemic that has disproportionately affected³ Black and Latino communities.

因一场疫情对黑人和拉丁裔社区造成了格外严重的影响，贫富差距问题已经进一步凸显。

The new tax in New Jersey, the nation's second wealthiest state,

新泽西州是美国第二富裕的州，该州的新税

is expected to generate an estimated $390 million this fiscal⁴ year;

预计将在本财年产生约3.9亿美元的收入；

16,491 New Jersey residents and 19,128 nonresident taxpayers⁵ will now pay the higher rate, state officials said.

有16491名新泽西州居民，19128名非居民纳税人需要支付更高税率。

In Albany, where Democrats⁷ also control all branches of government,

在同样被民主党人控制着政府所有部门的（纽约州首府）奥尔巴尼，

progressives have been pushing Mr. Cuomo to consider a variety of bills,

进步派人士一直在敦促科莫考虑数项法案，

including one to raise the tax rate on those earning more than $100 million to almost 12 percent.

包括将收入超1亿美元的纳税人的税率提高到近12%。

A fiscal moderate and third-term Democrat⁶,

作为一名在财政政策上趋向温和且已连任三届的民主党州长，

Mr. Cuomo has largely resisted proposals to raise billions by taxing the wealthy,

科莫很大程度上拒绝了通过向富人征税来筹集数十亿美元资金的提议，

and has instead consistently called on the federal government to bail⁸ New York out,

相反，他一直呼吁联邦政府救助纽约州，

saying its state and local governments are facing $59 billion in budget shortfalls this year and next.

称该州和地方政府今明两年将面临590亿美元的预算缺口。

With every call for a new tax comes criticism from Republicans

每一遍要求征收新税的呼声都会招致共和党人

and some business leaders who warn that higher taxes will lead to an exodus⁹ of affluent¹⁰ residents,

和一些商界领袖的反对，他们警告称，更高的税收将会引发富裕居民的外流，

draining revenue needed to pay for basic services like education and health care.

导致当地支付教育和医疗等基本服务所需的收入大规模流失。

Mr. Cuomo's budget director, Robert Mujica, noted¹¹ on Thursday

科莫的预算总监罗伯特·穆希卡周四指出，

that the "overwhelming majority" of billionaires and millionaires in the state live in New York City,

该州“绝大多数”亿万富翁和百万富翁都住在纽约市，

are already subject to a combined city and state tax rate of 12.6 percent.

他们已经缴纳了12.6%的市和州综合税。

"Let's make sure the discussions are informed," he said in a statement.

"我们还是要确保大家对讨论的知情权，"他在一份声明中说道。

1 jersey   

n.运动衫

参考例句：

• He wears a cotton jersey when he plays football.他穿运动衫踢足球。
• They were dressed alike in blue jersey and knickers.他们穿着一致，都是蓝色的运动衫和灯笼短裤。

2 amplified   

放大，扩大( amplify的过去式和过去分词 )； 增强； 详述

参考例句：

• He amplified on his remarks with drawings and figures. 他用图表详细地解释了他的话。
• He amplified the whole course of the incident. 他详述了事件的全过程。

3 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

4 fiscal   

adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的

参考例句：

• The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。
• The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

5 taxpayers   

纳税人，纳税的机构( taxpayer的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Finance for education comes from taxpayers. 教育经费来自纳税人。
• She was declaiming against the waste of the taxpayers' money. 她慷慨陈词猛烈抨击对纳税人金钱的浪费。

6 democrat   

n.民主主义者，民主人士；民主党党员

参考例句：

• The Democrat and the Public criticized each other.民主党人和共和党人互相攻击。
• About two years later,he was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter.大约两年后，他被民主党人杰米卡特击败。

7 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 bail   

v.舀（水），保释；n.保证金，保释，保释人

参考例句：

• One of the prisoner's friends offered to bail him out.犯人的一个朋友答应保释他出来。
• She has been granted conditional bail.她被准予有条件保释。

9 exodus   

v.大批离去，成群外出

参考例句：

• The medical system is facing collapse because of an exodus of doctors.由于医生大批离去，医疗系统面临崩溃。
• Man's great challenge at this moment is to prevent his exodus from this planet.人在当前所遇到的最大挑战，就是要防止人从这个星球上消失。

10 affluent   

adj.富裕的，富有的，丰富的，富饶的

参考例句：

• He hails from an affluent background.他出身于一个富有的家庭。
• His parents were very affluent.他的父母很富裕。

11 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。