PBS高端访谈:艺术家为精神病患者提供帮助

JUDY WOODRUFF: We continue our Canvas series now with tonight's Brief But Spectacular and New York-based artist Miguel Colon¹. He is a member of an Fountain House. It's an organization dedicated² to supporting individuals with mental illness.

朱迪·伍德拉夫：今晚的《简短而精彩》，我们将继续帆布系列，今天的主人公是纽约艺术家米格尔·科隆。他是活泉会所的一名成员。活泉会所是一个组织，致力于为那些患有心理疾病的人提供支持。

MIGUEL COLON, Artist: I often wonder about how people see me. Sometimes, in A.A. meetings, I talk about that I'm dual-diagnosis³ and that I also have mental illness. And I worry that I'm putting myself in a vulnerable position. The first time I went to a therapist and a psychiatrist⁴ was probably when I was around 23 years old. I have been told that I seem like I'm high-functioning. I really didn't receive a definite diagnosis until my most recent hospitalization, which is schizoaffective, bipolar type. I had been hearing voices, and I was also, I believe, experiencing things that may not have been happening. And I felt that the whole world was out to get me. And I checked myself into the hospital. When I was in the psych ward⁵, I was drawing a lot. I was working on this graphic⁶ novel, and it just sort of kept me doing something that was life-affirming and enriching. And then, too, people would sort of see me working on it and come around and want to know what I was working on. So it was...there was a social component⁷ to it also. The first time I started drawing was when I was 4 years old. I was really, really shy. And I remember, when they dropped me off in Head Start, I was, you know, just like clinging to this wall. And I saw this poster of Thor, and I remember looking at it and thinking, I want to do that. I can do that. One of my main influences, which a lot of people actually see in my work, which I love, is Diego Rivera, the Mexican muralist who worked in fresco⁸. And he is a big influence of mine because of his social justice murals. While I was in the hospital, I found out about Fountain House. It's a social club for people with mental illness. And I thought, wow, the very thing, you know? Because with mental illness and also with addiction⁹ and alcoholism, what we tend to do is isolate¹⁰. At Fountain House, we can be supportive of each other, and there are no judgments¹¹. And if you're feeling symptomatic, you're still a functioning member of Fountain House, and everybody cares about you and you're valid¹². Self-portraits are hard, because I sometimes see things about myself that are kind of difficult to see. I tend to downplay myself a lot. A lot of times, my friends in recovery will tell me I'm a good person that is a source of goodness and is valid. My name is Miguel Colon, and this is my Brief But Spectacular take on learning to see myself.

米格尔·科隆：我经常会想——人们会怎样看待我。有时候，在智力成就年龄（A.A.）会议上，我会讨论自己是双重诊断的事儿，我还会告诉大家我有心理疾病。我担心我这样说会把自己塑造成一碰就碎的人设。我第一次去看治疗师是在大概23岁左右的时候。治疗师告诉我，我看起来像是高功能性自闭症。但一直没有确诊，知道最近我医院接受情感分裂治疗的时候，我得到确诊——双重诊断结果。过去，我常常听到有人在说话，我还经历过可能不会发生的事情。我感觉自己要被世界所吞噬。我选择登记住院。我呆在心理科病房的时候，画了很多画。我当时在画的是这部漫画小说。做这件事会让我持续地感到生命的意义，感到充实。也有人看到我在画画，他们会走过来，想看看我在画什么。这也为了带来了一些社交流量。我4岁的时候就开始作画了。我性格十分腼腆。我至今依然记得：每次他们载我，我都会死死地抓住墙，不愿离开。然后，我无意中发现了《雷神》的海报。我至今记得当时自己凝视着海报，思考自己也想做雷神的梦想，我也肯定自己能做到。对我影响最大的一个人是迭戈·里维拉，我很喜欢他。观众们也能从我的作品中感受到这一点。他是墨西哥的一位比画家，是壁画时期的重要艺术家。他对我的重大影响之处是他的社会公正壁画。我住院的时候，无意中得知了活泉会所的存在。在这里，有心理障碍的人可以汇聚一堂。我当时就觉得：哇塞，这不就是我想去的地方吗？对于有心理疾病，又嗜酒成瘾的人来说，我们更倾向于独处。在活泉会所，我们可以给彼此以心理上的支持，不会给彼此贴标签。如果你感到自己有这方面的症状，你就可以成为活泉会所的一员。在这里，每个人都关心你的情况，这里的生活是鲜活饱满的。自画像很难画，因为我有时候我对自己的认识有时候不是浮于表面的。我总是看清自己。很多时候，一些正在康复中的朋友们会告诉我，我是一个很好地人，是一个有善意又鲜活的人。我是米格尔·科隆，这是我本期带来的《简短而精彩》，我想告诉大家我是如何学习认识自己的。

JUDY WOODRUFF: So uplifting. And you can find additional Brief But Spectacular episodes on our Web site, PBS.org/NewsHour/Brief.

朱迪·伍德拉夫：您的分享很宝贵。观众们如果想看其他期的《简短而精彩》，可以访问我们的官网PBS.org/NewsHour/Brief。

1 colon   

n.冒号，结肠，直肠

参考例句：

• Here,too,the colon must be followed by a dash.这里也是一样，应当在冒号后加破折号。
• The colon is the locus of a large concentration of bacteria.结肠是大浓度的细菌所在地。

2 dedicated   

adj.一心一意的；献身的；热诚的

参考例句：

• He dedicated his life to the cause of education.他献身于教育事业。
• His whole energies are dedicated to improve the design.他的全部精力都放在改进这项设计上了。

3 diagnosis   

n.诊断，诊断结果，调查分析，判断

参考例句：

• His symptoms gave no obvious pointer to a possible diagnosis.他的症状无法作出明确的诊断。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做一次彻底的调查分析。

4 psychiatrist   

n.精神病专家；精神病医师

参考例句：

• He went to a psychiatrist about his compulsive gambling.他去看精神科医生治疗不能自拔的赌瘾。
• The psychiatrist corrected him gently.精神病医师彬彬有礼地纠正他。

5 ward   

n.守卫，监护，病房，行政区，由监护人或法院保护的人（尤指儿童）；vt.守护，躲开

参考例句：

• The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.这家医院有内科病房和外科病房。
• During the evening picnic,I'll carry a torch to ward off the bugs.傍晚野餐时，我要点根火把，抵挡蚊虫。

6 graphic   

adj.生动的，形象的，绘画的，文字的，图表的

参考例句：

• The book gave a graphic description of the war.这本书生动地描述了战争的情况。
• Distinguish important text items in lists with graphic icons.用图标来区分重要的文本项。

7 component   

n.组成部分，成分，元件；adj.组成的，合成的

参考例句：

• Each component is carefully checked before assembly.每个零件在装配前都经过仔细检查。
• Blade and handle are the component parts of a knife.刀身和刀柄是一把刀的组成部分。

8 fresco   

n.壁画；vt.作壁画于

参考例句：

• This huge fresco is extremely clear and just like nature itself.It is very harmonious.这一巨幅壁画，清晰有致且又浑然天成，十分和谐。
• So it is quite necessary to study the influence of visual thinking over fresco.因此，研究视觉思维对壁画的影响和作用是十分必要的。

9 addiction   

n.上瘾入迷，嗜好

参考例句：

• He stole money from his parents to feed his addiction.他从父母那儿偷钱以满足自己的嗜好。
• Areas of drug dealing are hellholes of addiction,poverty and murder.贩卖毒品的地区往往是吸毒上瘾、贫困和发生谋杀的地方。

10 isolate   

vt.使孤立，隔离

参考例句：

• Do not isolate yourself from others.不要把自己孤立起来。
• We should never isolate ourselves from the masses.我们永远不能脱离群众。

11 judgments   

判断( judgment的名词复数 )； 鉴定； 评价； 审判

参考例句：

• A peculiar austerity marked his judgments of modern life. 他对现代生活的批评带着一种特殊的苛刻。
• He is swift with his judgments. 他判断迅速。

12 valid   

adj.有确实根据的；有效的；正当的，合法的

参考例句：

• His claim to own the house is valid.他主张对此屋的所有权有效。
• Do you have valid reasons for your absence?你的缺席有正当理由吗？