时代周刊:选票争夺战(2)

Even so, voting-rights activists¹ in the state say they're optimistic the recent changes Floridians voted for will make a difference in 2020.

佛罗里达州的选举权活动家们却表示，他们对当地选民最近投票支持的投票法案改革持乐观态度，认为这一改革将在2020年大放异彩。

"This is the largest expansion of democracy in 50 years,"

“这次改革是近50年来扩大民主进程中规模最大的一次改革，”

says Neil Volz, deputy director of the Florida Rights Restoration Coalition²,

佛罗里达权利恢复联盟副主任尼尔·沃尔兹说道，

who himself recently regained³ his voting rights through Amendment⁴ 4.

沃尔兹本人的投票权也是最近通过《第四修正案》重新获得的。

In Kentucky, Democratic Governor Andy Beshear

就肯塔基州而言，去年秋天一上任，

restored voting rights to 140,000 people with felony convictions immediately after taking office last fall.

民主党州长安迪·贝希尔就立即恢复了14万曾被判有重罪的人的投票权。

Weeks later, GOP lawmakers introduced a bill mandating⁵ that voters carry a photo ID card with an expiration⁶ date,

仅仅过了几周，共和党议员却提出了一项法案，要求选民必须携带标明有效期的身份证的照片投票，

nominally⁷ to guard against voter fraud.

名义上则是为了防范投票舞弊。

Kentucky already requires ID to cast a ballot⁸,

现如今，肯塔基州选民需要出示身份证才能投票，

and while the bill was slightly watered down, the GOP move would have largely impacted minorities,

尽管法案要求最终有所放宽，但专家表示，共和党的这一举措原本可能对某些群体的选民，

students at the state's largest universities whose ID cards lack expiration dates,

比如少数族裔，该州最大的几所大学的学生（他们的身份证上没有有效期），

and voters like the ex-felons who recently had their rights restored, experts say.

以及最近刚恢复权利的前重刑犯之类的选民造成广泛影响。

Voting-rights lawyers are also concerned about efforts

除此之外，选举权律师对德克萨斯、新泽西和佛罗里达等州

to purge⁹ supposed non-citizens from voter rolls in states including Texas, New Jersey¹⁰ and Florida.

将所谓的非公民人员踢出选民名单的做法也不乏担忧。

In one effort led by Texas' then secretary of state David Whitley,

在德克萨斯时任州务卿大卫·惠特利的领导下，

state officials questioned the citizenship¹¹ of about 98,000 voters in a review of rolls that relied on flawed data.

州官员在审查一份数据有误的名单时，对将近9.8万名选民的公民身份都提出了质疑。

A federal judge reprimanded state officials for having "created this mess" that unfairly targeted naturalized U.S. citizens,

某联邦法官对“制造了这场混乱”，让归化公民也无辜被牵连的州官员予以了斥责，

and ordered Texas counties to stop purging¹² suspected non-citizens from the rolls.

还下令德州各县停止将疑似非公民的人员清除选民名单的做法。

In Virginia, Democrats¹³ took full control of state government for the first time in a generation last year, and have committed to voting-rights reform.

去年，近二三十年来首次赢得政府独立掌控权的弗吉尼亚州民主党一直在致力于投票权改革。

They have introduced bills that would allow automatic registration¹⁴ as well as same-day registration,

他们推出了允许自动注册和当天注册的法案，

and are debating inserting an anti-gerrymandering amendment into the state constitution.

目前正在讨论在州宪法中引入一项反对划分选区不公正的修正案。

Another proposal would allow early, excuse-free absentee voting in the 45 days leading up to an election.

不仅如此，他们还提出了一项允许在选举前的45天内提前进行缺席投票，且无需提供缺席理由的提案。

"It is a sea change," says Claire Guthrie Gastanaga, executive director of the American Civil Liberties Union of Virginia.

“这是一场翻天覆地的变化，”弗吉尼亚州美国公民自由联盟的执行董事克莱尔·格思里·加斯塔纳加说。

"We're about to open up the ballot box in our state in a way that it never was since Jim Crow."

“我们这次开放投票箱的力度可以说是自《吉姆·克劳法》以来从未有过的。”

1 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

3 regained   

复得( regain的过去式和过去分词 )； 赢回； 重回； 复至某地

参考例句：

• The majority of the people in the world have regained their liberty. 世界上大多数人已重获自由。
• She hesitated briefly but quickly regained her poise. 她犹豫片刻，但很快恢复了镇静。

4 amendment   

n.改正，修正，改善，修正案

参考例句：

• The amendment was rejected by 207 voters to 143.这项修正案以207票对143票被否决。
• The Opposition has tabled an amendment to the bill.反对党已经就该议案提交了一项修正条款。

5 mandating   

托管（mandate的现在分词形式）

参考例句：

• Current requirements mandating that committees keep minutes are too general. 目前对委员会要保持详细记录的指令性要求，还是太过一般化了。
• Mandating that workers who quit without permission forfeit a month's wages. 规定工人私自离岗将受到罚没一个月工资的处罚。

6 expiration   

n.终结，期满，呼气，呼出物

参考例句：

• Can I have your credit card number followed by the expiration date?能告诉我你的信用卡号码和它的到期日吗?
• This contract shall be terminated on the expiration date.劳动合同期满，即行终止。

7 nominally   

在名义上，表面地； 应名儿

参考例句：

• Dad, nominally a Methodist, entered Churches only for weddings and funerals. 爸名义上是卫理公会教徒，可只去教堂参加婚礼和葬礼。
• The company could not indicate a person even nominally responsible for staff training. 该公司甚至不能指出一个名义上负责职员培训的人。

8 ballot   

n.（不记名）投票，投票总数，投票权；vi.投票

参考例句：

• The members have demanded a ballot.会员们要求投票表决。
• The union said they will ballot members on whether to strike.工会称他们将要求会员投票表决是否罢工。

9 purge   

n.整肃，清除，泻药，净化；vt.净化，清除，摆脱；vi.清除，通便，腹泻，变得清洁

参考例句：

• The new president carried out a purge of disloyal army officers.新总统对不忠诚的军官进行了清洗。
• The mayoral candidate has promised to purge the police department.市长候选人答应清洗警察部门。

10 jersey   

n.运动衫

参考例句：

• He wears a cotton jersey when he plays football.他穿运动衫踢足球。
• They were dressed alike in blue jersey and knickers.他们穿着一致，都是蓝色的运动衫和灯笼短裤。

11 citizenship   

n.市民权，公民权，国民的义务(身份)

参考例句：

• He was born in Sweden,but he doesn't have Swedish citizenship.他在瑞典出生，但没有瑞典公民身分。
• Ten years later,she chose to take Australian citizenship.十年后，她选择了澳大利亚国籍。

12 purging   

清洗； 清除； 净化； 洗炉

参考例句：

• You learned the dry-mouthed, fear-purged, purging ecstasy of battle. 你体会到战斗中那种使人嘴巴发干的，战胜了恐惧并排除其他杂念的狂喜。
• Purging databases, configuring, and making other exceptional requests might fall into this category. 比如清空数据库、配置，以及其他特别的请求等都属于这个类别。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

13 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 registration   

n.登记，注册，挂号

参考例句：

• Marriage without registration is not recognized by law.法律不承认未登记的婚姻。
• What's your registration number?你挂的是几号？