时代周刊:新冠肺炎对心理健康的影响(1)

How is COVID-19 affecting our mental health?

新冠肺炎对心理健康的影响

By Markham Heid

文/马卡姆·海德

By now, the world is familiar with the physical threat of COVID-19.

时至今日，新冠肺炎对身体健康的危害大家势必已经不陌生了。

But the psychological impacts of the pandemic are only just beginning to come into focus.

但这场大流行留下的心理阴影才刚刚走进人们的视野。

A new study from researchers at San Diego State University and Florida State University

圣地亚哥州立大学和佛罗里达州立大学研究人员开展了一项

is helping¹ to quantify how deeply the coronavirus is straining the mental health of Americans.

有助于量化新冠病毒对美国民众心理健康的影响程度的研究。

The study has not yet undergone peer review and formal publication,

该研究目前还未得到同行评审和正式发表，

but its preliminary data are among the first to offer details

但其初步得出的数据堪称率先提供了

on the scope of the country's coronavirus-related psychological struggles.

有关冠状病毒对美国民众产生的心理困扰的严重程度的细节。

The study is full of grave findings.

该研究得出了不少重大发现。

In April, more than 1 in 4 U.S. adults met the criteria² that psychologists use to diagnose serious mental distress³ and illness.

今年4月，达到心理学家诊断严重精神困扰和疾病依据标准的人数多达美国总人口的1/4以上。

That represents a roughly 700% increase from data collected in 2018.

比2018年收集的数据增长了将近600%。

Meanwhile, roughly 70% of Americans experienced moderate to severe mental distress—triple the rate seen in 2018.

与此同时，还有近70%的美国民众陷入了中度甚至是严重的精神困扰——足足是2018年数据的3倍。

While this surge in mental distress showed up across age and demographic groups,

尽管各个年龄段，各个人口群体都出现了精神困扰大幅加重的问题，

young adults and those with children experienced the most pronounced spikes⁴.

但加重幅度最为明显的还是要数青壮年群体和已有子女的已婚群体。

The size of the increase shouldn't have come as a shock, says Jean Twenge,

该研究团队成员之一，圣地亚哥州立大学心理学教授吉恩·特温格表示，

a coauthor of the study and a professor of psychology⁵ at San Diego State University.

大家对加重的幅度不必感到大惊小怪。

"In some ways, this is a perfect storm for mental health issues," she says.

“从某些方面来看，这简直就是在给精神健康问题雪上加霜，”她说。

"We're dealing⁶ with social isolation⁷, anxiety around health, and economic problems."

“摆在我们面前的是隔离、对健康的焦虑还有经济问题等各种问题。”

1 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

2 criteria   

n.标准

参考例句：

• The main criterion is value for money.主要的标准是钱要用得划算。
• There are strict criteria for inclusion in the competition.参赛的标准很严格。

3 distress   

n.苦恼，痛苦，不舒适；不幸；vt.使悲痛

参考例句：

• Nothing could alleviate his distress.什么都不能减轻他的痛苦。
• Please don't distress yourself.请你不要忧愁了。

4 spikes   

n.穗( spike的名词复数 )；跑鞋；（防滑）鞋钉；尖状物v.加烈酒于( spike的第三人称单数 )；偷偷地给某人的饮料加入（更多）酒精（ 或药物）；把尖状物钉入；打乱某人的计划

参考例句：

• a row of iron spikes on a wall 墙头的一排尖铁
• There is a row of spikes on top of the prison wall to prevent the prisoners escaping. 监狱墙头装有一排尖钉，以防犯人逃跑。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 psychology   

n.心理，心理学，心理状态

参考例句：

• She has a background in child psychology.她受过儿童心理学的教育。
• He studied philosophy and psychology at Cambridge.他在剑桥大学学习哲学和心理学。

6 dealing   

n.经商方法，待人态度

参考例句：

• This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
• His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。

7 isolation   

n.隔离，孤立，分解，分离

参考例句：

• The millionaire lived in complete isolation from the outside world.这位富翁过着与世隔绝的生活。
• He retired and lived in relative isolation.他退休后，生活比较孤寂。