时代周刊:新冠肺炎对心理健康的影响(2)

Researchers unaffiliated with Twenge's study say that on top of the loss of jobs and the obvious health risks associated with COVID-19,

特温格团队之外的研究人员表示，除带来了失业和不言而喻的健康风险以外，

the element of uncertainty¹ is causing Americans a great deal of distress².

COVID-19还带来了不确定性，正是这种不确定性给美国民众造成了巨大的精神压力。

"People don't know when we're going to get back to normal life, and that is quite anxiety-provoking,"

“大家都不知道我们什么时候才能恢复正常生活，这点就挺让人焦虑的。”

says Dr. Gary Small, a professor of psychiatry³ and behavioral sciences at the University of California, Los Angeles.

加州大学洛杉矶分校精神病学和行为科学教授加里·斯莫尔博士说。

The COVID-19 crisis has forced U.S. politicians and public-health officials into a lose-lose dilemma⁴:

新冠肺炎危机将美国的政界人士和公共卫生官员双双推入了左右都是输的境地：

both groups are now weighing the life-and-death risk of exposing people to the virus

双方都在权衡究竟是将大家暴露在病毒之下，将大家置于生死边缘，

against the manifold hardships created by stay-at-home directives and business closures.

还是承受居家隔离指令和企业倒闭带来的种种困难。

More and more, members of each group have discussed the psychological repercussions⁵ associated with each scenario—

渐渐地，双方成员开始讨论起两种选择造成的心理影响了，

including the specter of rising depression and suicide rates.

诸如抑郁症的增加和自杀率的上升等。

This new study appears to substantiate⁶ those concerns.

这项新的研究似乎便证实了这些忧虑。

While some might point to the psychological blowback as a reason to reopen the economy and lift restrictions⁷,

个别人士或许会拿疫情造成的心理反弹作重新开放经济和取消限制的借口，

Twenge says that course of action is also fraught⁸.

但特温格表示，重新开放经济，取消限制也有其值得忧虑的一面。

"Opening up too soon and then having to shut back down

“开放得太早搞得最后又不得不再次停工停产停学

could also have very negative consequences from a mental-health perspective,

怕也会造成非常负面的心理影响，

such as a further increase in mental distress," she says.

进一步加深大家的苦恼，”她说。

"If there's a policy message here," Twenge adds,

“如果非要说这里面蕴含着什么政策建议的话，”特温格接着说道，

"it's that people are suffering and we need to put resources into mental-health treatment."

“建议就是，我们的民众正在受苦，我们需要投资一些资源保障他们的心理健康。”

1 uncertainty   

n.易变，靠不住，不确知，不确定的事物

参考例句：

• Her comments will add to the uncertainty of the situation.她的批评将会使局势更加不稳定。
• After six weeks of uncertainty,the strain was beginning to take its toll.6个星期的忐忑不安后，压力开始产生影响了。

2 distress   

n.苦恼，痛苦，不舒适；不幸；vt.使悲痛

参考例句：

• Nothing could alleviate his distress.什么都不能减轻他的痛苦。
• Please don't distress yourself.请你不要忧愁了。

3 psychiatry   

n.精神病学，精神病疗法

参考例句：

• The study appeared in the Amercian science Journal of Psychiatry.这个研究发表在美国精神病学的杂志上。
• A physician is someone who specializes in psychiatry.精神病专家是专门从事精神病治疗的人。

4 dilemma   

n.困境，进退两难的局面

参考例句：

• I am on the horns of a dilemma about the matter.这件事使我进退两难。
• He was thrown into a dilemma.他陷入困境。

5 repercussions   

n.后果，反响( repercussion的名词复数 )；余波

参考例句：

• The collapse of the company will have repercussions for the whole industry. 这家公司的垮台将会给整个行业造成间接的负面影响。
• Human acts have repercussions far beyond the frontiers of the human world. 人类行为所产生的影响远远超出人类世界的范围。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 substantiate   

v.证实；证明...有根据

参考例句：

• There is little scientific evidence to substantiate the claims.这些主张几乎找不到科学依据来证实。
• These theories are used to substantiate the relationship between the phenomenons of the universe.这些学说是用来证实宇宙现象之间的关系。

7 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

8 fraught   

adj.充满…的，伴有(危险等)的；忧虑的

参考例句：

• The coming months will be fraught with fateful decisions.未来数月将充满重大的决定。
• There's no need to look so fraught!用不着那么愁眉苦脸的！