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俄航空业寻找中东顾客和盟友

As Russia's economy heads into recession, its defense¹ industry is one of the few that seems to be prospering². And that was made clear at Russia's International Aviation and Space Show (MAKS) this week with the display of its military hardware. The recession, coupled with Western sanctions, has also meant courting customers and allies from the Middle East.

俄罗斯经济陷入衰退，国防工业似乎是少有几个维持繁荣的行业之一。这个星期，展示军事硬件的俄罗斯国际航空航天展表明了这一点。经济衰退，再加上西方制裁，促使俄罗斯转向中东去寻找顾客和盟友。

Russia's International Aviation and Space Show traditionally boasts an impressive display of military and civilian³ aviation hardware.

在往年的俄罗斯国际航空航天展上，军用和民用航空技术双双绽放异彩。

But this year, it was the military sector⁴ of the industry that stole the spotlight⁵, as the air show was used to showcase the country's military might.

不过今年，军用行业抢尽风头，飞行表演展示了俄罗斯强大的军力。

Russian President Vladimir Putin pressed that point when he spoke⁶ at the show.

"We are to enhance Russia’s unique advantages in the aviation field and consolidate⁷ our leading role in manufacturing military aviation equipment. Therefore, we should carry out modernization⁸ and upgrading in aviation and space rocket manufacturing, bring in state-of-the-art facilities and ameliorate every link in order to improve our products’ quality and characters," Putin said.

俄罗斯总统普京说：“我们要加强俄罗斯在航空领域的独特优势，巩固我们在军事航空装备制造业中的领先地位。因此，我们要实现航空和太空火箭制造业现代化和升级，通过纳入先进设施和改善每个环节，来改善我们产品的质量和特性。”

Although western companies were present, Russia's defense industry is squeezed by sanctions over Ukraine and the loss of Ukrainian suppliers. The latter, says military analyst⁹ Alexander Golts, hit Russia particularly hard.

尽管有西方公司参展，可是莫斯科因为乌克兰问题受到制裁，同时失去了乌克兰供应商，国防工业受到挤压。

“Something like 300 enterprises in Russia received components¹⁰ from Ukraine. When all of this disappeared, you can imagine the level of losses,” Golts said.

军事分析人士亚历山大·戈尔茨说：“大约300家俄罗斯企业曾经靠乌克兰提供零件，现在这些全部消失了，可以想象损失的程度。”

While a controversial deal to sell advanced missile defense systems to Iran was delayed, Russia, according to Moscow State University political scientist Viktor Mizin, is courting other Middle East customers and allies.

虽然向伊朗出售先进导弹防御系统的争议性交易被推迟，可是莫斯科寻找其它中东顾客和盟友。

“Now that its friendly regime of Bashar [al]-Assad is literally¹¹ under fire in Syria; and, of course, Russia managed to restore ties and even military cooperation with Egypt. But, still probably it needs more allies, and especially now that the oil prices are diving,” Mizin said.

莫斯科国立大学维克多·梅津说：“跟俄罗斯的友好的阿萨德政权在叙利亚真的是处在炮火之下。俄罗斯和埃及恢复了关系，甚至军事合作，可是俄罗斯可能还是需要更多盟友，尤其是现在石油价格大跌的时候。”

While Russia's aviation companies are having their ups and downs, deals expected later this year could help to steady the industry.

俄罗斯航空公司命运起伏，今年下半年的一些交易预计会对产业起到稳定作用。

But much will depend on Russia's military spending and the economy.

不过，这在很大程度上取决于俄罗斯军事开支和经济发展。