新视野大学英语读写教程词汇 第三册 Unit 8b

　　New Words    8B
@  panic n.   [sing.] a sudden strong feeling of fear or worry 恐慌；惊慌
@   v.   have a sudden strong feeling of fear or worry, or make sb. do this （使）惊慌
@  radical¹ a.   1. thorough and complete 彻底的；根本的
@      2. in favor of thorough and complete change 激进的
@  preface n.   1. [C] an event that happens before a more important event 前奏；序幕
@      2. [C] an introduction to a book or speech 序言；前言
@  opposition² n.   [U] strong disagreement with sth. 反对
@  refusal n.   [C, U] an act of refusing to do sth. 拒绝
@  conservative a.   not willing to accept much change, esp. in traditional values 保守的；守旧的
@   n.   [C] a person who is conservative 保守分子
@  spiritual a.   1. relating to religion 宗教上的
@      2. of the human spirit or soul 精神上的
@  gross a.   1. (only before noun) extreme and unreasonable³ 不合理的；极端的
@      2. total 总的；毛的
@  applicable a.   that can be applied⁴ to a particular person, group, or situation 适合的；适用的
@  violate vt.   do sth. that is against law, agreement, or principle 违背，违犯
@  voluntary a.   done willingly 自愿的
@  consent n.   [U] permission to do sth. 同意，许可
@   vi.   give one's approval for sth. 同意，准许
@  vivid a.   producing clear and detailed⁵ images in mind 生动的
@  reflection n.   1. [U] careful thought about sth. 考虑；深思
@      2. [C] an image reflected in a mirror or other shiny surface 影像；倒影
@      3. [C] sth. that clearly shows sth. 反映；表明
@  　improbable a.   not likely to happen or to be true 不大可能的
@  surplus a.   more than is needed 过剩的，多余的
@   n.   [C, U] an amount of sth. that is more than is needed 过剩；剩余
@  desirable a.   worth having, doing, or desiring 称心的；可取的
@  horror n.   1. [C] sth. that causes a strong feeling of fear and shock 令人恐惧（震惊）的事物
@      2. [U] a very strong feeling of fear and shock 恐惧；震惊
@  democratic a.   based on the principles of democracy 民主的
@  sexual a.   relating to sex 性的；两性的
■  sperm⁶ n.   [C] 精子
@  queue vi.   wait in a line 排队
@   n.   [C] a line of people, cars, etc. 一队（人或车等）
@  　infertile⁷ a.   not able to have children or grow crops 不育的；不结果实的
@  artificial a.   1. made by people and used instead of sth. natural 人造的；人工的
@      2. not real 假的
@  　artificially ad.   done by people but not naturally 人工的
@  defect n.   [C] a fault in sb. or sth. 缺陷，缺点
@  reproduce vt.   1. have babies or produce young plants or animals 繁殖，生殖
@      2. produce a copy of sth. 复制；再现
@  resign v.   1. (~ oneself to sth.) make oneself accept sth. unpleasant 使自己顺从于；使自己听任
@      2. give up a job or position 辞职，引退
@  dispose v.   (of) get rid of sth. that one no longer wants 清除；处理
@  lens n.   [C] 透镜；镜片
@  microscope n.   [C] a device that uses lenses to make very small objects look larger 显微镜
@  democracy n.   1. [C] a country governed by its people or their representatives 民主国家
@      2. [U] the belief in freedom and equality between people, or a system of government based on this belief 民主；民主政体
@  probable a.   likely to happen or be true 很有可能的
@  systematic⁸ a.   done according to a system or plan 有系统的；有计划的
@  resume v.   start sth. again after stopping for some time 重新开始；继续
@  layer n.   [C] 层
@  administration n.   1. [U] activities involved in managing a business, organization, etc. 管理；经营
@      2. [C] the government of a country at a particular time 政府
@  govern vt.   1. control the way a business, organization, etc. operates 管理；制约
@      2. control a country and its people 统治；管理
Phrases and Expressions
@  at the prospect⁹ of/that...   when aware of the possibility of/that...  当意识到...时
@  grow out of   have sth. as a source  产生于
@  applicable to   that can be applied to  适用的；合适的
@  make sense   1. be practical and reasonable  合情理；明智
@    2. be easy to understand  易理解
@  on/upon reflection   after considering sth. again  经考虑后
@  in case   in order to be prepared for sth. that may happen  以防万一
@  view... as   consider or think about... as  把...视为，看作
@  perceive... as   see or think of... as  把...视为，当作
@  carry out   perform, conduct  进行；实施
@  in the name of   using the name of; for the sake of  借...之名；为...目的
@  queue up   wait in a queue  排队
@  stand a chance of   have a chance of achieving sth.  有可能（取得）
@  seek out   look for and find, esp. when this is difficult  寻找并发现
@  pass on   hand or give sth. (to sb. else), esp. after receiving or using it oneself  传递，传给
@  take a chance on   take a risk on  冒险
@  make an enquiry into   ask for information of; have an official investigation of  调查；打听
Proper Names
@  Richard Posner   理查德·波斯纳（人名）

1 radical   

n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的

参考例句：

• The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
• She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。

2 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

3 unreasonable   

adj.不讲道理的，不合情理的，过度的

参考例句：

• I know that they made the most unreasonable demands on you.我知道他们对你提出了最不合理的要求。
• They spend an unreasonable amount of money on clothes.他们花在衣服上的钱太多了。

4 applied   

adj.应用的；v.应用，适用

参考例句：

• She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
• This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。

5 detailed   

adj.详细的，详尽的，极注意细节的，完全的

参考例句：

• He had made a detailed study of the terrain.他对地形作了缜密的研究。
• A detailed list of our publications is available on request.我们的出版物有一份详细的目录备索。

6 sperm   

n.精子，精液

参考例句：

• Only one sperm fertilises an egg.只有一个精子使卵子受精。
• In human reproduction,one female egg is usually fertilized by one sperm.在人体生殖过程中，一个精子使一个卵子受精。

7 infertile   

adj.不孕的；不肥沃的，贫瘠的

参考例句：

• Plants can't grow well in the infertile land.在贫瘠的土地上庄稼长不好。
• Nobody is willing to till this infertile land.这块薄田没有人愿意耕种。

8 systematic   

adj.有系统的，有计划的，有方法的

参考例句：

• The way he works isn't very systematic.他的工作不是很有条理。
• The teacher made a systematic work of teaching.这个教师进行系统的教学工作。

9 prospect   

n.前景，前途；景色，视野

参考例句：

• This state of things holds out a cheerful prospect.事态呈现出可喜的前景。
• The prospect became more evident.前景变得更加明朗了。