英国新闻听力 太阳风"偷走"火星大气层

Britain has been joined by more countries in restricting travel to the Egyptian resort of Sharm El-sheikh after a Russian passenger plane came down on Saturday. France and Belgium have advised against all but essential visits while Dutch and German airlines have suspended flights. Airlines started repatriating¹ thousands of British tourists on Friday under extraordinary security measures, as Robin² Brant reports. After discussions between the British and Egyptian governments, special rules will mean passengers will be allowed hand baggage only as they fly home. In a clear sign of the severe concern about the level of security checks on the ground in Egypt, the British government has insisted that nothing goes in the whole of the aircraft. All cases and bigger bags will come home on separate flights. Downing Street says outbound flights remain suspended.

The British government believes the plane was probably brought down by a bomb. President Obama said this was a possibility which the US was taking very seriously. I don't think we know yet. Whatever you got a plane crash, first of all you got the tragedy, you got that making sure that there is an investigation³ on site. I think there is a possibility that there was a bomb on board.

The charity Medecins Sans Frontier says US airborne forces shot its staffs and patients as they fled in an attack on its hospital in Afghanistan a month ago. Gary O’Donoghue reports on the MSF review of the incident in Kunduz. MSF says it finds it hard to believe that the airstrike on its hospital was a mistake. Its report details the steps it took to inform both Afghan and US forces about the location of the facility, and what appears to be repeated phone calls during the attack to stop it. Work is continuing to identify some of the casualties. But it says ten patients died, two of them on the operating table. The US has promised to help rebuild the hospital and to make, what it calls, condolence payments to the families of those killed.

Germany's governing coalition⁴ of Conservatives and Social Democrats⁵ have resolved their dispute over how to speed up the asylum⁶ process for migrants.Here is Mike Sanders. It is a quarrel that has damned the Christian⁷ Democrats and their junior partner the Social Democrats for weeks. Party leaders led by Chancellor⁸ Angela Merkel held a joint⁹ news conference to announce an agreement to create up to five special centers. These would hold migrants with spurious asylum claims that include those born in countries deemed safe including Albania and Kosovo, those barred from reentering Germany and those refusing to cooperate. Cases could be heard in a week not month, and appeals would take only a further two weeks. Most could expect to be deported¹⁰. World news from the BBC.

An official of the international watchdog on chemical weapons has confirmed that rebel groups in Syria have used mustard gas. The official from the Organization for the Prohibition¹¹ of Chemical Weapons says its experts have determined¹² that the gas was used during a battle between rival rebel factions¹³ in northern Syria in August.

A dam has burst in the town of Mariana in southeastern Brazil flooding a large area with mineral waste. Aerial pictures have shown rivers of mud and houses destroyed all buried up to their roof tops. A local workers union says at least 15 people may have been killed, and dozens of others are missing.

Newly released date from a NASA spacecraft has delivered new insight into how the sun stripped the atmosphere from Mars. The Maven Mars orbiter found that the solar wind traveling at more than 1.7 million km/hour carries off atmospheric¹⁴ gas at the rate of around 100 grams a second. Solar storms prevalent billions of years ago would have increased the rate of depletion¹⁵ by up to 20 times. The principal investigator¹⁶ on NASA's Maven project Bruce Jakosky said most of the planet atmosphere was already stripped away billions of years ago. Most of these stripping by solar wind at Mars were thought to have taken place very early in the history of the solar system when the sun was like more active when the solar wind was more intense, so today the rate of loss at Mars is low. The BBC science correspondent says that the depletion may have deprived nascent¹⁷ microbes of the time it needed to involve into more complex life forms.

A one year old British girl has become the first person in the world to receive a pioneering gene¹⁸ therapy treatment that has cleared her off cancer. Leila Richie was just three months old when she was diagnosed with aggressive leukemia when conventional therapies failed, doctors uses experimental gene editing science to create a designed immune system. BBC news.

随着英国停飞埃及度假胜地沙姆沙伊赫航班，多国相继效仿，之前，俄罗斯客机于周六在沙姆沙伊赫坠机。法国与比利时建议公民无非必要不要前往沙姆沙伊赫，与此同时，丹麦与德国宣布暂停往来航班。周五，经过严格审查，英国开始接回数千名滞留在埃及的英国公民，请听罗宾·布兰特的报道。经英埃政府讨论后，乘客只能携带手提行李回国。显然，政府对埃及方面的地面安检工作提高了警惕，英国政府坚称，飞机内部禁止携带任何物品。托运行李将另行运输。唐宁街称将继续停飞前往埃及的航班。

英国方面认为坠机很可能是炸弹爆炸导致。奥巴马总统表示称有可能是炸弹所致，而美国对炸弹袭击也表示了特别的关注。目前，我们还不确定事故发生的原因。只要发生空难，结局一定是悲惨的，我们要对现场进行调查。我认为有可能是飞机炸弹所致。

无国界医生组织表示称一个月前，阿富汗医院遭到美军轰炸，无国界工作人员和病患遭到袭击。无国界医生组织对昆都士的此次空袭事件进行了调查，请听加里·多诺霍的报道。无国界医生组织称美国发动了一场错误空袭，这实在让人无法相信。该组织曾向美阿方面告知了医院的具体位置，并多次在袭击过程中打电话寻求停火，这些都在报告中做了详细的说明。遇难者身份仍在确认当中。该组织称空袭造成10名病人死亡，两人在手术台上死亡。美方承诺将帮助重建医院，并为遇难者家属提供抚恤金。

就如何加快避难申请一事，基督教民主联盟与社民党组成的执政联盟达成了一致意见。请听麦克·桑德斯的报道。基民盟与姐妹党社民党就这一问题已争论数周。基民盟主席默克尔召开了联合记者招待会，宣布建立五个“特殊注册中心”。这些“注册中心”将适用于那些来自像阿尔巴尼亚，科索沃等“安全国家”，或是禁止再次入境，亦或是拒绝配合完成避难程序的避难申请者。避难申请不是一个月，而将会在一周内作出决定，申请流程仅需要两周。绝大多数或将遭到驱逐。BBC全球新闻。

一名国际化学武器监管委员会官员证实，叙利亚反对派使用毒气芥子气。禁止化学武器组织官方称，专家已查明在今年8月，反对派武装曾在叙利亚北部地区使用芥子气。

在巴西东南部的马里亚纳市，废水池发生溃坝事故，大量矿物废料喷涌而出。航拍显示河中掺满了泥浆，泥浆淹没屋顶，大量房屋被毁。当地工会组织称事件至少造成15人死亡，数十人失踪。

根据美国宇航局探测器传来的最新数据，我们对太阳风剥离火星大气又有了最新了解。“火星大气与挥发演化”探测器发现太阳风剥离气体的速度在每秒100克，而太阳风时速能够超过1700万公里每小时。而在数十亿年前，太阳风暴就已经相当活跃，风暴对大气侵蚀率增加了20倍之多。航天局“Maven”项目首席研究专家布鲁斯·雅各斯基称，绝大多数行星大气早在数十亿年前就已经侵蚀殆尽。火星上的大气粒子在太阳系早期就出现了大量侵蚀情况，当时的太阳更加活跃，太阳风暴也更加猛烈，所以，今天火星的大气损失率很低。BBC科学记者认为由于大气粒子遭到侵蚀，早期微生物演变成复杂生命体的可能性也就不复存在。

英国一名一岁女婴成为世界首例通过基因疗法消灭癌细胞的患者。利拉·理查德兹三个月大时被确诊为急性淋巴细胞白血病，传统治疗方法全部失败，医生利用处在实验阶段的基因疗法对免疫系统进行了基因改造。BBC新闻。

1 repatriating   

v.把（某人）遣送回国，遣返( repatriate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Since banks are reducing overall lending, that means repatriating cash. 由于银行总的借贷额在下降，这就意味着资金必然国内回流。 来自互联网
• US immigration officials have again delayed moves start repatriating six-year-old Cuban shipwreck survivor Elian Gonzalez. 六岁的古巴海难幸存儿童埃利安非常幸运，美国移民局官员已将原本要遣返他的时间再次拖延。 来自互联网

2 robin   

n.知更鸟，红襟鸟

参考例句：

• The robin is the messenger of spring.知更鸟是报春的使者。
• We knew spring was coming as we had seen a robin.我们看见了一只知更鸟，知道春天要到了。

3 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

4 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

5 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 asylum   

n.避难所，庇护所，避难

参考例句：

• The people ask for political asylum.人们请求政治避难。
• Having sought asylum in the West for many years,they were eventually granted it.他们最终获得了在西方寻求多年的避难权。

7 Christian   

adj.基督教徒的；n.基督教徒

参考例句：

• They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
• His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。

8 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

9 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

10 deported   

v.将…驱逐出境( deport的过去式和过去分词 )；举止

参考例句：

• They stripped me of my citizenship and deported me. 他们剥夺我的公民资格，将我驱逐出境。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The convicts were deported to a deserted island. 罪犯们被流放到一个荒岛。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 prohibition   

n.禁止；禁令，禁律

参考例句：

• The prohibition against drunken driving will save many lives.禁止酒后开车将会减少许多死亡事故。
• They voted in favour of the prohibition of smoking in public areas.他们投票赞成禁止在公共场所吸烟。

12 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

13 factions   

组织中的小派别，派系( faction的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The gens also lives on in the "factions." 氏族此外还继续存在于“factions〔“帮”〕中。 来自英汉非文学 - 家庭、私有制和国家的起源
• rival factions within the administration 政府中的对立派别

14 atmospheric   

adj.大气的，空气的；大气层的；大气所引起的

参考例句：

• Sea surface temperatures and atmospheric circulation are strongly coupled.海洋表面温度与大气环流是密切相关的。
• Clouds return radiant energy to the surface primarily via the atmospheric window.云主要通过大气窗区向地表辐射能量。

15 depletion   

n.耗尽，枯竭

参考例句：

• Increased consumption of water has led to rapid depletion of groundwater reserves.用水量的增加导致了地下水贮备迅速枯竭。
• Farmers should rotate crops every season to prevent depletion of the soil.农夫每季应该要轮耕，以免耗尽土壤。

16 investigator   

n.研究者，调查者，审查者

参考例句：

• He was a special investigator for the FBI.他是联邦调查局的特别调查员。
• The investigator was able to deduce the crime and find the criminal.调查者能够推出犯罪过程并锁定罪犯。

17 nascent   

adj.初生的，发生中的

参考例句：

• That slim book showed the Chinese intelligentsia and the nascent working class.那本小册子讲述了中国的知识界和新兴的工人阶级。
• Despite a nascent democracy movement,there's little traction for direct suffrage.尽管有过一次新生的民主运动，但几乎不会带来直接选举。

18 gene   

n.遗传因子，基因

参考例句：

• A single gene may have many effects.单一基因可能具有很多种效应。
• The targeting of gene therapy has been paid close attention.其中基因治疗的靶向性是值得密切关注的问题之一。