【英语语言学习】非法移民到意大利

LINDA WERTHEIMER, HOST:

Thousands of unauthorized migrants travel by boat each year to Italy. Their journeys from North Africa across the Mediterranean¹ can be perilous². As NPR's Sylvia Poggioli reports, there's a top security naval³ compound on the outskirts⁴ of Rome that Italy is using to tackle one of Europe's major crises.

SYLVIA POGGIOLI, BYLINE⁵: Reports of migrant boats in distress⁶ are a near daily news headline.

(SOUNDBITE OF NEWS REPORT)

UNIDENTIFIED REPORTER #1: (Speaking Italian).

UNIDENTIFIED REPORTER #2: (Speaking Italian).

POGGIOLI: Last October, twin shipwrecks⁷ killed more than 300 migrants. That prompted Italy to order it's Navy to conduct search and rescue operations to save lives and capture smugglers. The operation is called Mare⁹ Nostrum¹⁰, Our Sea, the ancient Romans' name for the Mediterranean.

ADMIRAL MICHELE SAPONARO: This is the operation room, the room in which the core business of this accord is carried out.

POGGIOLI: Thirty miles out of Rome, sits Rear Admiral Michele Saponaro, head of operations at the Santa Rosa naval commander center. He points to a large screen with the naval area of operation; nearly 30,000 square miles. The biggest migrant flows come from Libya, now gripped by lawlessness, and from Egypt. The majority are Eritreans, Syrians and sub-Saharan Africans. Smugglers, Saponaro says, use any craft they can find.

SAPONARO: Those leaving the Libyan soil - dinghies, rubber boats. Those coming from the east Med, they use, normally, large fishing units.

POGGIOLI: Officers work at computers collating¹¹ data from Coast Guard radar¹², maritime¹³ agencies and other governments. Captain Enrico Esposto, head of the Naval Operations Division says that once an unidentified blip appears on the satellite screen, a software program detects the anomaly and sets off an alert to the search and rescue ships deployed¹⁴ at sea.

CAPTAIN ENRICO ESPOSTO: We use an average of five ships. One big ship is a flag ship, usually two frigates¹⁵ and two patrol boats.

POGGIOLI: Once located, migrants are transferred to the big ship. They're given food and water and examined by doctors. Those in need of emergency care are evacuated¹⁶ by helicopter to the closest hospital. All are fingerprinted¹⁷ and asked to identify the smugglers who often pass themselves off as asylum¹⁸ seekers.

(SOUNDBITE OF VIDEO)

POGGIOLI: This video was recorded earlier this month by an Egyptian smuggler⁸ on his phone. He and six accomplishments¹⁹ were arrested. The footage shows an overcrowded vessel²⁰ with many women and unaccompanied children. Dozens of migrants are piled inside the hold on top of each other. A place on deck can cost $2,500. Migrants who can't pay more than a thousand dollars are forced into the hold where, says the admiral, many die from asphyxiation²¹.

SAPONARO: One month ago, we discovered some 30, 40 people dead inside the boat. They had not enough air to breath.

POGGIOLI: Captain Esposto believes the smuggling²² trade today is worse than slavery whose aim, he says, was to ensure the slave arrived on the other continent alive.

ESPOSTO: These people are maintained in captivity²³. They are tortured. Often, a lot of women are raped²⁴. And once they pay the ticket, the smugglers don't care. They don't care if they arrive alive or not.

POGGIOLI: Mare Nostrum costs the Navy $12 million a month. Many right-wing politicians want Mare Nostrum scrapped²⁵ saying it simply attracts more migrants. The admiral dismisses that argument saying the migrants would arrive anyway. Before Mare Nostrum began, out of 10 smugglers' boats that left North Africa, only one or two made it to Italian shores. But, the admiral says, Italy cannot carry the burden alone.

SAPONARO: Operation Mare Nostrum is not the solution to this massive flow. We need the intervention²⁶ of the United Nations, all Europe because it's not only an Italian problem.

POGGIOLI: In all of 2011, the year of the Arab uprisings, just over 60,000 migrants arrived by sea in Italy. By mid-August this year, the numbers surpassed 100,000. Sylvia Poggioli, NPR News, Rome.

1 Mediterranean   

adj.地中海的；地中海沿岸的

参考例句：

• The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
• Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。

2 perilous   

adj.危险的，冒险的

参考例句：

• The journey through the jungle was perilous.穿过丛林的旅行充满了危险。
• We have been carried in safety through a perilous crisis.历经一连串危机，我们如今已安然无恙。

3 naval   

adj.海军的，军舰的，船的

参考例句：

• He took part in a great naval battle.他参加了一次大海战。
• The harbour is an important naval base.该港是一个重要的海军基地。

4 outskirts   

n.郊外，郊区

参考例句：

• Our car broke down on the outskirts of the city.我们的汽车在市郊出了故障。
• They mostly live on the outskirts of a town.他们大多住在近郊。

5 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。

6 distress   

n.苦恼，痛苦，不舒适；不幸；vt.使悲痛

参考例句：

• Nothing could alleviate his distress.什么都不能减轻他的痛苦。
• Please don't distress yourself.请你不要忧愁了。

7 shipwrecks   

海难，船只失事( shipwreck的名词复数 )； 沉船

参考例句：

• Shipwrecks are apropos of nothing. 船只失事总是来得出人意料。
• There are many shipwrecks in these waters. 在这些海域多海难事件。

8 smuggler   

n.走私者

参考例句：

• The smuggler is in prison tonight, awaiting extradition to Britain. 这名走私犯今晚在监狱，等待引渡到英国。
• The smuggler was finally obliged to inform against his boss. 那个走私犯最后不得不告发他的首领。

9 mare   

n.母马，母驴

参考例句：

• The mare has just thrown a foal in the stable.那匹母马刚刚在马厩里产下了一只小马驹。
• The mare foundered under the heavy load and collapsed in the road.那母马因负载过重而倒在路上。

10 nostrum   

n.秘方；妙策

参考例句：

• He told the patient that he had a nostrum.他告诉病人他有秘方。
• Photography studio provide you with a few small nostrum you must use.为您提供一些小妙策你一定用的着。

11 collating   

v.校对( collate的现在分词 )；整理；核对；整理（文件或书等）

参考例句：

• An invalid collating element was specified in a [[. name. ]] block. 块中指定了非法的对照元素。 来自互联网
• Selected collating sequence not supported by the operating system. 操作系统不支持选择的排序序列。 来自互联网

12 radar   

n.雷达，无线电探测器

参考例句：

• They are following the flight of an aircraft by radar.他们正在用雷达追踪一架飞机的飞行。
• Enemy ships were detected on the radar.敌舰的影像已显现在雷达上。

13 maritime   

adj.海的，海事的，航海的，近海的，沿海的

参考例句：

• Many maritime people are fishermen.许多居于海滨的人是渔夫。
• The temperature change in winter is less in maritime areas.冬季沿海的温差较小。

14 deployed   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
• The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。

15 frigates   

n.快速军舰( frigate的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Frigates are a vital part of any balanced sea-going fleet. 护卫舰是任何一个配置均衡的远洋舰队所必需的。 来自互联网
• These ships are based on the Chinese Jiangwei II class frigates. 这些战舰是基于中国的江卫II型护卫舰。 来自互联网

16 evacuated   

撤退者的

参考例句：

• Police evacuated nearby buildings. 警方已将附近大楼的居民疏散。
• The fireman evacuated the guests from the burning hotel. 消防队员把客人们从燃烧着的旅馆中撤出来。

17 fingerprinted   

v.指纹( fingerprint的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The criminal was fingerprinted in the sheriff's office. 罪犯在警长办公室里被取下指纹。 来自辞典例句
• They were then taken to be photographed and fingerprinted. 然后，他们被带去照相、留指纹。 来自互联网

18 asylum   

n.避难所，庇护所，避难

参考例句：

• The people ask for political asylum.人们请求政治避难。
• Having sought asylum in the West for many years,they were eventually granted it.他们最终获得了在西方寻求多年的避难权。

19 accomplishments   

n.造诣；完成( accomplishment的名词复数 )；技能；成绩；成就

参考例句：

• It was one of the President's greatest accomplishments. 那是总统最伟大的成就之一。
• Among her accomplishments were sewing,cooking,playing the piano and dancing. 她的才能包括缝纫、烹调、弹钢琴和跳舞。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

20 vessel   

n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管

参考例句：

• The vessel is fully loaded with cargo for Shanghai.这艘船满载货物驶往上海。
• You should put the water into a vessel.你应该把水装入容器中。

21 asphyxiation   

n. 窒息

参考例句：

• Objective Inquiry into the heavy asphyxiation rescues measure of the new born. 摘要目的探讨新生儿重度窒息抢救的措施。
• Self-contained breathing apparatus(SCBA) may be required to prevent asphyxiation of rescue personnel. 可能要求有自给式呼吸器(SCBA)，以防止救援人员窒息。

22 smuggling   

n.走私

参考例句：

• Some claimed that the docker's union fronted for the smuggling ring.某些人声称码头工人工会是走私集团的掩护所。
• The evidence pointed to the existence of an international smuggling network.证据表明很可能有一个国际走私网络存在。

23 captivity   

n.囚禁；被俘；束缚

参考例句：

• A zoo is a place where live animals are kept in captivity for the public to see.动物园是圈养动物以供公众观看的场所。
• He was held in captivity for three years.他被囚禁叁年。

24 raped   

v.以暴力夺取，强夺( rape的过去式和过去分词 )；强奸

参考例句：

• A young woman was brutally raped in her own home. 一名年轻女子在自己家中惨遭强暴。 来自辞典例句
• We got stick together, or we will be having our women raped. 我们得团结一致，不然我们的妻女就会遭到蹂躏。 来自辞典例句

25 scrapped   

废弃(scrap的过去式与过去分词)； 打架

参考例句：

• This machine is so old that it will soon have to be scrapped. 这架机器太旧，快报废了。
• It had been thought that passport controls would be scrapped. 人们曾认为会放开护照管制。

26 intervention   

n.介入，干涉，干预

参考例句：

• The government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。
• Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。