【英语早间课堂】Somebody does as if somebody was.

【昨日重现】

Last time we learned¹ a sentence pattern which is : Somebody does as if somebody did. 我们说过了，这个是一个含有表语从句的复合句，主句用一般现在时，表语从句用一般过去时。主语和从句的时态体现了虚拟语气在表语从句中的运用，昨天我们学的是对现在情况的主观认为，并不是客观事实，也就是说从句中所表述的事情与现实相反，谓语结构如上所述。凡是由as if引导的表语从句几乎是要使用虚拟语气。（当然有特例，今后会学到。）【习题答案】

1 她这样对待她的女儿，好像这女儿不是她生的。

She treats her daughter like that as if she wasn't hers.

2 他表现得好像他是这个地方的主人。

He behaves as if he owned the house.

3 她谈起来仿佛她知道他在那儿似的。

She talks as if she knew where he was.

【今日主题】

Let's look at the answer to the first exercise: She treats her daughter like that as if she wasn't hers. 这句话中as if引导的从句的谓语是was。So , we can have another sentence pattern: Somebody does as if somebody was..。今天的重点就是在这个从句中的谓语was上面。昨天我们的从句中是did，它是实义动词，如果是系动词，我要懂得灵活地把系动词变为一般过去式。Let's look at another example sentence：She said nothing but sat there as if she were in a trance [trɑ:ns] (n.恍惚；出神) 她话也不说, 坐在那里好像在发呆。【 she是第三人称单数，为什么这里用were, 例句中的不是was吗？】That's a good question. 在虚拟条件句中，我们说过了，如果主语是第三人称单数，谓语可以用were，也可以用was. Have you got it?

The above complex² sentence is from two simple sentences. They are : She said nothing but sat there. It is as if she were in a trance. 所以如果是从这个角度来说的话，as if 引导的就是表语从句。所以现在语法专家持有异议。

Let's look at more example sentences. I remember it vividly³ as if it were tonight （In fact, it doesn't happen tonight. ）. 我清楚地记得这事儿。这事儿就好像发生在今晚。She stares at me as if she were angry with me about it . ( In fact she was not angry. ) 她盯着我，好像生气了。Now let change the above two sentences into two simple sentences. The first one is : I remember it vividly. It is as if it were tonight. The second one is : She stares at me. It is as if she were angry with me about it.

 

转自可可英语

1 learned   

adj.有学问的，博学的；learn的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He went into a rage when he learned about it.他听到这事后勃然大怒。
• In this little village,he passed for a learned man.在这个小村子里，他被视为有学问的人。

2 complex   

adj.复杂的，合成的，综合的；n.联合体

参考例句：

• What he said was too complex for me to understand.他说的太复杂了，我无法了解。
• Justice is part of the complex machinery of the law.正义是复杂的法律机器的一部分。

3 vividly   

adv.清楚地，鲜明地，生动地

参考例句：

• The speaker pictured the suffering of the poor vividly.演讲者很生动地描述了穷人的生活。
• The characters in the book are vividly presented.这本书里的人物写得栩栩如生。