苹果VS联邦调查局:个人隐私之争

AS IT IS 2016-03-03 Apple vs. FBI And Your Privacy 苹果VS联邦调查局:个人隐私之争

A dispute between Apple and the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation¹, or FBI, has put law enforcement and technology in conflict.

This could affect privacy, safety and security in the U.S.

The dispute involves the FBI investigation of the mass shootings in San Bernardino, California, last December.

Syed Farook and his wife, Tashfeen Malik, killed 14 people and wounded 22 others. Farook and Malik were killed in a gun battle with police later the same day.

Investigators² found an iPhone that Farook had used. It was given to Farook by the Department of Public Health in California, where he worked. That department gave the FBI permission to unlock the phone.

But, no one has the password. Farook is dead, and the phone is locked.

The FBI wants the data on the phone. It could guess at passwords until it finds one that unlocks the phone.

But after 10 failed attempts to enter a password, the phone will automatically erase³ all the data it has stored. The data will simply disappear.

[Tip: To enable this feature on your iPhone, go to Settings =>Touch ID & Passcode =>Erase Data On]

On February 16, 2016, a court ordered Apple to cooperate with the FBI. After that order was issued, Tim Cook, CEO of Apple, said Apple would not comply.

What Does the FBI Want From Apple?

The FBI said its goal is to conduct a thorough investigation of the crime. That includes seeing the data on Farook's iPhone.

"We simply want the chance, with a search warrant, to try to guess the terrorist's passcode without the phone essentially⁴ self-destructing, and without it taking a decade to guess correctly," said FBI director James Comey.

Why Apple Is Fighting the Court Order

Apple CEO Cook published a letter explaining Apple's position. He said he is concerned that Apple is being forced to create software that makes the iPhone less secure. Once created, he argues, criminals could use the software to unlock other iPhones and steal data.

The FBI says they only want Apple to create software for one phone. But Apple disagrees. Once this software is created, other law enforcement agencies and governments could try to force Apple to use this software, the technology company argues.

In an interview, Cook said, "There's probably more information about you on your phone than there is in your house. Our smartphones are loaded with intimate conversations, our financial data, our health records. They're also loaded with the location of our kids, in many cases. So it's not just about privacy, it's about public safety."

Apple also says that it fears the government could force the company to create other software. Apple argues that the government could require it to create software that turns on the iPhone’s camera or microphone to secretly record video and sound.

The FBI disputes Apple's claim that the request violates privacy rights. It argues that Farook has died and does not have rights to privacy. Further, it says the owner of the phone has agreed to the search of the phone and to Apple's helping⁵ the FBI.

On Monday a court in New York State ruled that Apple did not have to assist the FBI in a similar case, unlocking an iPhone that involved drug charges. On Tuesday, a committee of US Congress heard from both Apple and FBI about the San Bernardino case.

The Next Steps

The court will hear the case on March 22.

As this dispute involves public and personal safety, privacy rights and the future of technology, this issue may be argued for many months and years to come.

Words in This Story

unlock - v. to gain entry to; to open

data - n. information that is produced or stored on a computer

auto-erase - v. to automatically remove (something that has been recorded) from a tape (such as a videotape or audiotape) or a computer disk

CEO - n. short for Chief Executive Officer the top leader in a company or business

comply - v. to do what you have been asked to do

warrant - n. a document that gives the police power to do something

software - n. the programs that operate on a computer

interview - n. a meeting in which a person provides information

intimate - adj. very personal or private

conversation - n. an informal talk involving two people or a small group of people :the act of talking in an informal way

location - n. place or position

1 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

2 investigators   

n.调查者，审查者( investigator的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• This memo could be the smoking gun that investigators have been looking for. 这份备忘录可能是调查人员一直在寻找的证据。
• The team consisted of six investigators and two secretaries. 这个团队由六个调查人员和两个秘书组成。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 erase   

v.擦掉；消除某事物的痕迹

参考例句：

• He tried to erase the idea from his mind.他试图从头脑中抹掉这个想法。
• Please erase my name from the list.请把我的名字从名单上擦去。

4 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

5 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。