世界上最新的最健康的饮食菜单

The World's Latest Healthiest Diet

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.

In the United States, fad¹ diets come and go. It is sometimes hard to keep track of them all. However, one diet that always makes the list of healthiest is the Mediterranean² Diet.

Well, now it has competition from the New Nordic Diet.

The New Nordic Diet comes from the part of Northern Europe that includes Finland, Norway, Iceland, Sweden and Denmark. This area is sometimes called Scandinavia.

Diet experts at Health.com explain that the New Nordic and the Mediterranean diets are quite similar. In fact, they were compared in a 2015 study. The study found that the New Nordic Diet reduced inflammation within fat tissue. This type of inflammation is linked to obesity³-related health risks.

Both diets include lots of vegetables and fruits; whole grains; nuts and seeds; and more seafood⁴ than meat.

However, one big difference between the two is the choice of oil. The Mediterranean Diet uses olive oil. Olives are not grown in Scandinavia. So, canola, or rapeseed, oil is more common there.

And that leads us to the heart of the New Nordic Diet. It considers the environment and food preparation.

It is rich in food that is local and seasonal⁵. As much as is possible, the New Nordic centers on fresh foods that are grown, raised or caught where you live. What you can find in the forests -- wild mushrooms, berries and herbs -- are all important to this diet. Also found in this diet are lots of root vegetables such as parsnips, carrots and beets⁶.

The New Nordic centers around home cooked meals. Restaurant meals can be higher in fat and calories.

Eating better quality food but less of it is also part of this diet. It avoids processed foods – generally mass-produced foods that come already cooked and packaged. It stresses eating organic foods whenever possible and creating less waste as we cook and eat.

The New Nordic is also an eco-friendly diet. It is more of a lifestyle -- a way of living and eating -- rather than a list of foods one can or cannot eat. Because it centers around local foods, it should not be surprising that fish is a main part of the New Nordic Diet.

Health experts on the Berkeley Wellness website say that people who eat fish "tend to live longer and enjoy lower risks of cardiovascular disease." They add that eating fish may even boost a person’s brain health. Fish, they say, "contains vitamins, minerals, and other fats that may work with the omega-3s to protect the heart and overall health."

But these experts also warn that it is important to eat the right kind of fish. Some are high in mercury. So, they advise eating smaller fish. They are "lower on the food chain." And if you catch the fish yourself, make sure and check with local experts to make sure the water quality is healthy.

The website suggests that anchovies⁷, sardines⁸, cod⁹, shrimp¹⁰ and salmon¹¹ are among the best choices. They say to avoid bigger fish such as shark and swordfish because they contain more mercury.

Also on the Berkeley Wellness website, diet experts make other suggestions about which fish to eat.

And that's the Health & Lifestyle report. I'm Anna Matteo.

Words in This Story

fad diet – n. a way of eating that promises weight loss or other health advantages, such as longer life, and usually relies on pseudoscience rather than science to make many of its claims : In many cases, a fad diet has highly restrictive or unusual food choices

inflammation – medical noun a condition in which a part of your body becomes red, swollen¹², and painful

obesity – medical noun a condition that is characterized by excessive accumulation and storage of fat in the body and that in an adult is typically indicated by a body mass index of 30 or greater

packaged – v. to enclose in a package or covering

organic – adj. of food : grown or made without the use of artificial chemicals

cardiovascular disease – medical noun Cardiovascular disease generally refers to conditions that involve narrowed or blocked blood vessels¹³ that can lead to a heart attack, chest pain (angina) or stroke.

omega-3 – medical n. being or composed of polyunsaturated fatty acids in which the first double bond in the hydrocarbon¹⁴ chain occurs between the third and fourth carbon atoms from the end of the molecule¹⁵ most distant from the carboxylic acid group and which are found especially in fish (as tuna and salmon), fish oils, green leafy vegetables, and some vegetable oils

mercury – n. a silver metal that is liquid at normal temperatures

food chain – n. a series of types of living things in which each one uses the next lower member of the series as a source of food

1 fad   

n.时尚；一时流行的狂热；一时的爱好

参考例句：

• His interest in photography is only a passing fad.他对摄影的兴趣只是一时的爱好罢了。
• A hot business opportunity is based on a long-term trend not a short-lived fad.一个热门的商机指的是长期的趋势而非一时的流行。

2 Mediterranean   

adj.地中海的；地中海沿岸的

参考例句：

• The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
• Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。

3 obesity   

n.肥胖，肥大

参考例句：

• One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。
• Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。

4 seafood   

n.海产食品，海味，海鲜

参考例句：

• There's an excellent seafood restaurant near here.离这儿不远有家非常不错的海鲜馆。
• Shrimps are a popular type of seafood.小虾是比较普遍的一种海味。

5 seasonal   

adj.季节的，季节性的

参考例句：

• The town relies on the seasonal tourist industry for jobs.这个城镇依靠季节性旅游业提供就业机会。
• The hors d'oeuvre is seasonal vegetables.餐前小吃是应时蔬菜。

6 beets   

甜菜( beet的名词复数 )； 甜菜根； （因愤怒、难堪或觉得热而）脸红

参考例句：

• Beets are Hank's favorite vegetable. 甜菜根是汉克最爱吃的蔬菜。
• In this enlargement, barley, alfalfa, and sugar beets can be differentiated. 在这张放大的照片上，大麦，苜蓿和甜菜都能被区分开。

7 anchovies   

n. 鯷鱼，凤尾鱼

参考例句：

• a pizza topped with cheese and anchovies 奶酪鳀鱼比萨饼
• Pesto, mozzarella, parma ham, sun dried tomatoes, egg, anchovies. 核桃香蒜，马苏里拉，巴马火腿，干番茄，鸡蛋，咸鱼。

8 sardines   

n. 沙丁鱼

参考例句：

• The young of some kinds of herring are canned as sardines. 有些种类的鲱鱼幼鱼可制成罐头。
• Sardines can be eaten fresh but are often preserved in tins. 沙丁鱼可以吃新鲜的，但常常是装听的。

9 cod   

n.鳕鱼；v.愚弄；哄骗

参考例句：

• They salt down cod for winter use.他们腌鳕鱼留着冬天吃。
• Cod are found in the North Atlantic and the North Sea.北大西洋和北海有鳕鱼。

10 shrimp   

n.虾，小虾；矮小的人

参考例句：

• When the shrimp farm is built it will block the stream.一旦养虾场建起来，将会截断这条河流。
• When it comes to seafood,I like shrimp the best.说到海鲜，我最喜欢虾。

11 salmon   

n.鲑，大马哈鱼，橙红色的

参考例句：

• We saw a salmon jumping in the waterfall there.我们看见一条大马哈鱼在那边瀑布中跳跃。
• Do you have any fresh salmon in at the moment?现在有新鲜大马哈鱼卖吗？

12 swollen   

adj.肿大的，水涨的；v.使变大，肿胀

参考例句：

• Her legs had got swollen from standing up all day.因为整天站着，她的双腿已经肿了。
• A mosquito had bitten her and her arm had swollen up.蚊子叮了她，她的手臂肿起来了。

13 vessels   

n.血管( vessel的名词复数 )；船；容器；（具有特殊品质或接受特殊品质的）人

参考例句：

• The river is navigable by vessels of up to 90 tons. 90 吨以下的船只可以从这条河通过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• All modern vessels of any size are fitted with radar installations. 所有现代化船只都有雷达装置。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

14 hydrocarbon   

n.烃，碳氢化合物

参考例句：

• During incomplete combustion some of the hydrocarbon fuel is cracked.在不完全的燃烧中，一些烃燃料裂解。
• The hydrocarbon must be an alkene.这个碳氢化合物必定是烯烃。

15 molecule   

n.分子，克分子

参考例句：

• A molecule of water is made up of two atoms of hygrogen and one atom of oxygen.一个水分子是由P妈̬f婘̬ 妈̬成的。
• This gives us the structural formula of the molecule.这种方式给出了分子的结构式。