VOA慢速英语2019 美国正式退出中导条约 称俄罗斯要负全部责任

US Leaves INF Treaty, Says Russia ‘Solely¹ Responsible’

The United States officially withdrew from a nuclear missile agreement with Russia on Friday after it found that Russia was in violation² of the treaty.

美国在发现俄罗斯违反条约之后，于周五正式退出了与俄罗斯签订的核导弹条约。

Russian officials have repeatedly denied violating the agreement.

俄罗斯官员一再否认违反该条约。

The 1987 Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) was signed when Russia was part of the Soviet³ Union. The treaty banned both sides from deploying⁴ land-based missiles able to travel a distance of between 500 and 5,500 kilometers. It reduced the possibility of either side launching a nuclear strike with little warning.

当俄罗斯还是苏联一部分的时候，两国签署了1987年《中程核武器条约》。该条约禁止双方部署射程在500到5500公里范围内的陆基导弹。它降低了任何一方在几乎不做警告的情况下发动核打击的可能性。

Six months ago, the U.S. government said it planned to pull out of the arms control treaty unless Russia honored the agreement. Russia said U.S. officials were making claims simply to justify⁵ their desire to withdraw from the treaty.

6个月前，美国政府表示计划退出这项军备控制条约，除非俄罗斯遵守这项条约。俄罗斯表示，美国官员提出这种要求，只是为了证明他们想要退出条约的正当性。

"The United States will not remain party to a treaty that is...violated by Russia," Secretary of State Mike Pompeo said in a statement. "Russia is solely responsible for the treaty's demise⁶," he added.

美国国务卿蓬佩奥在一份声明中说：“美国不会继续留守在俄罗斯违反的这项条约当中”。他还说： “俄罗斯对这项条约的终止要负全部责任。”

At the center of the dispute is a U.S. demand that Russia destroy a new missile called the Novator 9M729, known to the NATO military alliance as the SSC-8. NATO says the SSC-8 has a range of about 1,500 kilometers and violates the treaty. Russia refuses to destroy the missiles, and says their range is less than 500 kilometers.

争议的焦点是美国要求俄罗斯销毁一种名为Novator 9M729的新型导弹，北约称其为SSC-8型导弹。 北约称SSC-8型导弹的射程约为1500公里，违反了该条约。俄罗斯拒绝销毁该导弹，称其射程不到500公里。

U.S. officials who did not want their names used in news reports said Russia had deployed⁷ the missiles throughout Russia "with the ability to strike critical European targets."

不愿意在新闻报道中透露姓名的美国官员表示，俄罗斯已经在全境部署了这种导弹，“从而有能力打击欧洲关键目标。”

Russian call for moratorium⁸

俄罗斯呼吁暂停部署

Also on Friday, Russia said it had asked the United States for a halt on the deployment⁹ of short and intermediate-range nuclear missiles in Europe.

同样是在周五，俄罗斯表示该国已经要求美国暂停在欧洲部署中短程核导弹。

Deputy Foreign Minister Sergei Ryabkov was reported as saying that Russia had asked the U.S. and NATO countries to join them in honoring the moratorium. The TASS Russian news service reported his comments.

据报道，俄罗斯副外长谢尔盖·里亚布科夫表示，俄罗斯曾要求美国和北约加入他们的行列暂停部署导弹。俄罗斯塔斯社报道了他的言论。

NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg refused the minister's request on Friday. He said it was "not a credible¹⁰ offer" since Russia had already deployed illegal missiles.

北约秘书长延斯·斯托尔滕贝格周五拒绝了这一要求。他说，由于俄罗斯已经非法部署导弹，因此这是一个“不可信的提议。”

"There are no new U.S. missiles, no new NATO missiles in Europe, but there are more and more new Russian missiles," Stoltenberg said.

斯托尔滕贝格表示：“美国没有部署新型导弹，北约没有部署新型导弹，但是俄罗斯部署的导弹越来越多。”

New agreement?

新协议？

U.S. President Donald Trump¹¹ said he is hopeful a new agreement can be negotiated to replace the 1987 treaty.

美国总统川普表示，他希望通过谈判达成一项新的协议，来取代1987年签订的条约。

"Russia would like to do something on a nuclear treaty and that's OK with me. They would like to do something and so would I," Trump said to a question from VOA Thursday. 

川普周四在回答美国之音提问时表示：“俄罗斯希望在核条约上做点什么，我觉得可以啊。他们出手我就出手。”

But the president said "we didn't discuss the INF" when he spoke¹² to Russian President Vladimir Putin on Wednesday.

但是川普表示，周三他跟俄罗斯总统对话时没有提到中程导弹条约。

In his statement, however, Pompeo said Trump was "seeking a new era of arms control." He called on Russia and China "to join us in this opportunity to deliver real security results to our nations and the entire world."

然而蓬佩奥在他的声明中表示，川普在“寻求一个军备控制的新时代。”他呼吁俄罗斯和中国“与美国一道把握时机，为我们国家和整个世界带来真正的安全。”

Reaction

反应

At United Nations headquarters in New York, UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said that he was concerned about the treaty's expiration¹³. "This will likely heighten, not reduce, the threat posed by (nuclear) missiles," he told reporters on Thursday.

联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯在纽约联合国总部表示，他对该条约的到期表示担忧。古特雷斯周四对记者表示：“这可能会加剧，而不是降低核导弹构成的威胁。”

The treaty has helped to guarantee security in Europe for more than 30 years. It bans the development and deployment of ground-launched nuclear missiles with ranges between 500 and 5,500 kilometers. Many European leaders fear a renewed arms race with the end of the treaty. They called on both the U.S. and Russian governments to work to keep it.

该条约帮助维护了欧洲30多年时间的安全。该条约禁止开发和部署射程在500到5500公里的陆基核导弹。许多欧洲领导人都担心该条约终止会引发新的军备竞赛。他们呼吁美国和俄罗斯政府都要努力维持该条约。

Words in This Story

intermediate – adj. involving or related to the middle of a measured distance

range – n. a specified¹⁴ distance

demise – n. the end of something

credible – adj. believable

heighten – v. to increase

1 solely   

adv.仅仅，唯一地

参考例句：

• Success should not be measured solely by educational achievement.成功与否不应只用学业成绩来衡量。
• The town depends almost solely on the tourist trade.这座城市几乎完全靠旅游业维持。

2 violation   

n.违反(行为)，违背(行为)，侵犯

参考例句：

• He roared that was a violation of the rules.他大声说，那是违反规则的。
• He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。

3 Soviet   

adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃

参考例句：

• Zhukov was a marshal of the former Soviet Union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
• Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。

4 deploying   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的现在分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Provides support for developing and deploying distributed, component-based applications. 为开发和部署基于组件的分布式应用程序提供支持。
• Advertisement, publishing, repair, and install-on-demand are all available when deploying your application. 在部署应用程序时提供公布、发布、修复和即需即装功能。

5 justify   

vt.证明…正当(或有理)，为…辩护

参考例句：

• He tried to justify his absence with lame excuses.他想用站不住脚的借口为自己的缺席辩解。
• Can you justify your rude behavior to me?你能向我证明你的粗野行为是有道理的吗？

6 demise   

n.死亡；v.让渡，遗赠，转让

参考例句：

• He praised the union's aims but predicted its early demise.他赞扬协会的目标，但预期这一协会很快会消亡。
• The war brought about the industry's sudden demise.战争道致这个行业就这么突然垮了。

7 deployed   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
• The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。

8 moratorium   

n.(行动、活动的)暂停(期)，延期偿付

参考例句：

• The government has called for a moratorium on weapons testing.政府已要求暂停武器试验。
• We recommended a moratorium on two particular kinds of experiments.我们建议暂禁两种特殊的实验。

9 deployment   

n. 部署,展开

参考例句：

• He has inquired out the deployment of the enemy troops. 他已查出敌军的兵力部署情况。
• Quality function deployment (QFD) is a widely used customer-driven quality, design and manufacturing management tool. 质量功能展开(quality function deployment,QFD)是一个广泛应用的顾客需求驱动的设计、制造和质量管理工具。

10 credible   

adj.可信任的，可靠的

参考例句：

• The news report is hardly credible.这则新闻报道令人难以置信。
• Is there a credible alternative to the nuclear deterrent?是否有可以取代核威慑力量的可靠办法？

11 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

12 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

13 expiration   

n.终结，期满，呼气，呼出物

参考例句：

• Can I have your credit card number followed by the expiration date?能告诉我你的信用卡号码和它的到期日吗?
• This contract shall be terminated on the expiration date.劳动合同期满，即行终止。

14 specified   

adj.特定的

参考例句：

• The architect specified oak for the wood trim. 那位建筑师指定用橡木做木饰条。
• It is generated by some specified means. 这是由某些未加说明的方法产生的。