VOA慢速英语2021 美韩防长讨论新作战计划

The U.S. and South Korea said on Thursday that they would update their plans to deter¹ North Korea aggression².

美国和韩国周四表示，他们将更新阻止朝鲜侵略的计划。

North Korea's missile and weapons developments are increasingly threatening security in the area, U.S. Defense³ Secretary Lloyd Austin said after talks with Suh Wook, South Korea's defense minister. The two men also discussed issues beyond the Korean peninsula.

美国国防部长劳埃德·奥斯汀在与韩国国防部长徐旭会谈后表示，朝鲜的导弹和武器发展对该地区构成越来越大的威胁。两人还讨论了半岛以外的问题。

The statement includes language similar to that used by South Korean President Moon Jae-in in May during a meeting with American President Joe Biden. It is a sensitive issue for South Korea. The government has tried to balance its economic relationship with China with U.S. pressure on allies to resist Beijing's growing power.

该声明包含了今年5月韩国总统文在寅会见美国总统拜登时使用的类似言辞。这对韩国来说是一个敏感问题。韩国政府试图在与中国的经济联系以及美国向盟友施压抵制中国日益强大的力量之间取得平衡。

The statement came the same day that South Korea's national security adviser⁴ traveled to China to meet its top diplomat⁵.

同一天，韩国国家安全顾问前往中国会见了该国最高外交官员。

Austin and top U.S. military commanders were in Seoul for the first military talks with South Korean officials since Biden took office in January. Moon will leave office in May.

奥斯汀和美国高级军事指挥官在首尔与韩国官员举行了自拜登一月份上台以来的首次军事会谈。文在寅将于明年5月离任。

North Korea has continued to reject U.S. diplomacy⁶ efforts since Biden took over from Donald Trump⁷. During his one term as president, Trump held three meetings with leader Kim Jong Un.

自拜登接任川普以来，朝鲜一直拒绝美国的外交努力。川普在担任总统的第一个任期内，与朝鲜领导人金正恩举行了三次会晤。

The United States is calling on the North to talk, Austin told reporters. He said diplomacy supported by a dependable deterrent⁸ is the best path to follow with North Korea.

奥斯汀对记者表示，美国正呼吁朝鲜展开对话。他说，有可靠威慑力量支持的外交是应对朝鲜的最佳途径。

This week the U.S. military released a world security report that calls for additional cooperation among allies to deter threats from North Korea. The report noted⁹ an earlier decision to permanently¹⁰ base an attack helicopter team and artillery¹¹ division headquarters in South Korea.

本周，美国军方发布了一份世界安全报告，呼吁盟国之间加强合作遏制来自朝鲜的威胁。该报告提到之前决定将攻击直升机小组和炮兵师总部永久性设在韩国。

The United States stations about 28,500 troops in South Korea. The American military presence began in the 1950s during the Korean War. The conflict ended with a ceasefire but a peace treaty was never reached.

美国在韩国驻扎了大约28500名士兵。美国的军事存在始于上世纪50年代朝鲜战争期间。这次冲突以停火告终，但是从未达成和平协议。

Moon and Austin met Thursday night. Moon asked for U.S. support of his push for an "end of war declaration" aimed at reducing tensions with North Korea, said a spokesman for the president.

文在寅周四晚间会见了奥斯汀。文在寅总统的发言人表示，文在寅总统要求美国支持他推动旨在缓解朝鲜紧张局势的停战宣言。

Austin answered with praise for Moon's efforts to improve relations with North Korea, the spokesperson reported in a statement.

该发言人在声明中称，奥斯汀对文在寅改善与朝鲜关系的努力表示赞赏。

A changing security environment led the United States and South Korea to agree to update guidance about how they plan for a possible conflict with North Korea.

不断变化的安全环境导致美国和韩国同意更新有关他们如何计划与朝鲜发生可能冲突的指南。

Moon told reporters, "The Strategic Planning Guidance from 2010 still remains¹² effective...." But, he said a new war plan is needed to deal with new threats from North Korea, defense reform and a combined command structure.

文在寅对记者表示：“2010年战略规划指南依然有效。”但他表示需要一个新的战争计划来应对来自朝鲜的威胁以及应对国防改革和联合指挥机构。

U.S. and South Korean officials said the updates to the war plans are not a preparation for war.

美国和韩国官员表示，更新战争计划并不是为战争做准备。

Currently, the United States would command allied¹³ troops in the event of war, but South Korea has been seeking to gain "operational control" (OPCON). Suh said the two sides made progress on meeting conditions for reaching that goal.

目前，美国会在发生战争时指挥盟军，但是韩国一直在寻求获得作战控制。徐旭表示，双方在满足实现这一目标的条件方面取得了进展。

1 deter   

vt.阻止，使不敢，吓住

参考例句：

• Failure did not deter us from trying it again.失败并没有能阻挡我们再次进行试验。
• Dogs can deter unwelcome intruders.狗能够阻拦不受欢迎的闯入者。

2 aggression   

n.进攻，侵略，侵犯，侵害

参考例句：

• So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression.只要我们紧密地团结，就不必惧怕外来侵略。
• Her view is that aggression is part of human nature.她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。

3 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

4 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

5 diplomat   

n.外交官，外交家；能交际的人，圆滑的人

参考例句：

• The diplomat threw in a joke, and the tension was instantly relieved.那位外交官插进一个笑话，紧张的气氛顿时缓和下来。
• He served as a diplomat in Russia before the war.战前他在俄罗斯当外交官。

6 diplomacy   

n.外交；外交手腕，交际手腕

参考例句：

• The talks have now gone into a stage of quiet diplomacy.会谈现在已经进入了“温和外交”阶段。
• This was done through the skill in diplomacy. 这是通过外交手腕才做到的。

7 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

8 deterrent   

n.阻碍物，制止物；adj.威慑的，遏制的

参考例句：

• Large fines act as a deterrent to motorists.高额罚款是对开车的人的制约。
• I put a net over my strawberries as a deterrent to the birds.我在草莓上罩了网，免得鸟歇上去。

9 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

10 permanently   

adv.永恒地，永久地，固定不变地

参考例句：

• The accident left him permanently scarred.那次事故给他留下了永久的伤疤。
• The ship is now permanently moored on the Thames in London.该船现在永久地停泊在伦敦泰晤士河边。

11 artillery   

n.(军)火炮，大炮；炮兵(部队)

参考例句：

• This is a heavy artillery piece.这是一门重炮。
• The artillery has more firepower than the infantry.炮兵火力比步兵大。

12 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

13 allied   

adj.协约国的；同盟国的

参考例句：

• Britain was allied with the United States many times in history.历史上英国曾多次与美国结盟。
• Allied forces sustained heavy losses in the first few weeks of the campaign.同盟国在最初几周内遭受了巨大的损失。