VOA新闻杂志2022 报告称物价上涨对女性影响最大

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A research organization based in Geneva, Switzerland warns that rising prices are likely to affect women more than men.

位于瑞士日内瓦的一家研究机构警告称，物价上涨对女性的影响可能要大于男性。

The World Economic Forum¹ released a report Wednesday on the economic conditions of women and men around the world.

世界经济论坛周三发布了一项关于全球男女经济状况的报告。

The group warns that inflation could increase the difference, what is called the gap, between men and women in the world's labor² force.

该组织警告说，通货膨胀可能会扩大全球劳动力中男女之间的差距。

The World Economic Forum is best known for holding a yearly gathering³ of famous business, cultural and political leaders in the Swiss town of Davos. For the past 16 years, the group has written the Global Gender⁴ Gap Report that aims to measure gender equality around the world.

世界经济论坛因每年在瑞士达沃斯镇举办著名的商业、文化和政治领袖大会而闻名。在过去16年中，该组织撰写了旨在衡量全球性别平等的《全球性别差距报告》。

The group said there were hopes that the gender gap would begin to become smaller as the COVID-19 health crisis eased. Now, economic shocks threaten to make the gap worse, it said.

该组织表示，希望随着新冠肺炎健康危机的缓解，性别差距将会开始缩小。它说，目前的经济冲击有可能会让这种差距变得更严重。

The forum estimates that it will take 132 years for the world to reach gender equality. That is down from the 136 years estimated in last year's report.

该论坛估计，全球实现性别平等需要132年。这低于去年报告中估计的136年。

The organization studies gender differences in four main areas: pay and economic opportunity, education, health, and political empowerment.

该组织研究了4个重要方面的性别差异：薪酬和经济机会、教育、健康和政治赋权。

The group studied 146 countries, rating each one in the four areas of gender quality. It rated Iceland as the most gender-equal country in the world, followed by Finland, Norway and New Zealand. Rwanda, Nicaragua and Namibia were also highly ranked. Germany, Europe's biggest economy, came in 10th place. Further down the list were the world's biggest economies. The United States was 27th, China was 102nd and Japan was 116th, last among G7 major industrialized nations.

该组织研究了146个国家，就性别质量的4个方面对每个国家进行评估。它将冰岛评为全球性别最平等的国家，其次是芬兰、挪威和新西兰。卢旺达、尼加拉瓜和纳米比亚也名列前茅。欧洲最大经济体德国排在第10位。名单靠后的是全球最大的经济体。美国排名第27位，中国排名第102位，日本排名第116位，在G7主要工业化国家中排名最低。

Saadia Zahidi is a top official with the World Economic Forum. She said women have been disproportionately affected⁵ by the crisis caused by inflation. Women were especially hurt by job losses during the pandemic and a lack of, what she called, "care infrastructure⁶" — such as care services for old people or children, Zahidi said.

萨迪亚·扎西迪是世界经济论坛的高级官员。她说，女性受到通货膨胀引发危机的影响尤为严重。扎西迪表示，在大流行期间失业以及缺乏她所谓的护理基础设施--例如为老人或儿童提供的护理服务，这些对女性造成的伤害尤为严重。

"In face of a weak recovery, government and business must make two sets of efforts: targeted policies to support women's return to the workforce⁷ and women's talent development in the industries of the future," she said.

她说，“面对经济复苏乏力，政府和企业必须做出两方面的努力：出台有针对性政策支持女性重返劳动力市场以及在未来行业培养女性人才。”

"Otherwise, we risk eroding⁸ the gains of the last decades permanently⁹ and losing out on the future economic returns of diversity," Zahidi said.

扎西迪表示：“否则，我们可能会永久性侵蚀过去几十年的成功，并失去未来多元化的经济回报。”

1 forum   

n.论坛，讨论会

参考例句：

• They're holding a forum on new ways of teaching history.他们正在举行历史教学讨论会。
• The organisation would provide a forum where problems could be discussed.这个组织将提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。

2 labor   

n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦

参考例句：

• We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。
• He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

3 gathering   

n.集会，聚会，聚集

参考例句：

• He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
• He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。

4 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。

5 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

6 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

7 workforce   

n.劳动大军，劳动力

参考例句：

• A large part of the workforce is employed in agriculture.劳动人口中一大部分受雇于农业。
• A quarter of the local workforce is unemployed.本地劳动力中有四分之一失业。

8 eroding   

侵蚀，腐蚀( erode的现在分词 )； 逐渐毁坏，削弱，损害

参考例句：

• The coast is slowly eroding. 海岸正慢慢地被侵蚀。
• Another new development is eroding the age-old stereotype of the male warrior. 另一个新现象是，久已形成的男人皆武士的形象正逐渐消失。

9 permanently   

adv.永恒地，永久地，固定不变地

参考例句：

• The accident left him permanently scarred.那次事故给他留下了永久的伤疤。
• The ship is now permanently moored on the Thames in London.该船现在永久地停泊在伦敦泰晤士河边。