VOA新闻杂志2022 印度将成人口第一大国

A new United Nations report says that India will pass China as the world's most populous country in 2023.

联合国新发布的一份报告称，印度将在2023年超过中国，成为世界上人口最多的国家。

The world's population is estimated to reach 8 billion by November 15, the report said.

报告称，到11月15日，世界人口数量预计将会达到80亿。

The report also said that number could grow to 8.5 billion in 2030, and to 10.4 billion in 2100.

报告还称，到2030年，这一数字可能会增至85亿，到2100年，可能会增至104亿。

India's population was 1.21 billion in 2011.

2011年，印度的人口数量为12.1亿。

That number is from India’s official population count, or census.

这个数字来自印度官方的人口统计，即人口普查。

The census is carried out once every 10 years.

人口普查每10年进行一次。

The government delayed the 2021 census because of the coronavirus pandemic.

由于新冠疫情，印度政府推迟了2021年的人口普查。

The world's population was growing at its slowest rate since 1950 and fell below 1 percent in 2020, UN estimates showed.

据联合国估计，世界人口增长率为1950年以来的最低水平，在2020年降至1%以下。

In 2021, the average fertility of the world's population was 2.3 births per woman over a lifetime.

2021年，全球人口的平均生育率为2.3，即平均每名女性一生生育2.3个孩子。

That is down from about 5 births per woman in 1950.

这比1950年的平均生育率下降了，1950年每名女性生大约5个孩子。

Worldwide fertility is expected to decrease further to 2.1 births per woman by 2050.

到2050年，全球生育率预计将进一步下降至2.1，即平均每名女性生育2.1个孩子。

UN Secretary-General António Guterres said in a statement, "This is an occasion to celebrate our diversity…and marvel at advancements in health that have extended lifespans and dramatically reduced maternal and child mortality rates."

联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯在一份声明中说：“这是一个庆祝我们的多样性并惊叹于卫生方面的进步的时刻，这些进步延长了寿命，显著降低了孕产妇和儿童的死亡率。”

Guterres noted that a growing population was a reminder of a shared responsibility of care for the planet.

古特雷斯指出，不断增长的人口数量提醒人们要共同承担关爱地球的责任。

He added that we should "reflect on where we still fall short of our commitments to one another."

他还说，我们应该“反思我们在哪些方面仍然没有履行对彼此的承诺。”

The UN report said worldwide life expectancy at birth fell to 71 years in 2021.

联合国的这份报告称，2021年全球出生人口的预期寿命降至71岁。

That is down from 72.8 years in 2019, mostly because of deaths related to the coronavirus pandemic.

低于2019年的72.8岁，主要是因为与新冠疫情有关的死亡。

The United Nations said more than half of the expected increase in worldwide population through 2050 will be centered in eight countries.

联合国表示，到2050年，预计超过一半的全球人口增长将集中在8个国家。

Those countries are India, Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Tanzania and the Philippines.

这些国家是印度、刚果、埃及、埃塞俄比亚、尼日利亚、巴基斯坦、坦桑尼亚和菲律宾。

The population of 61 countries is expected to decrease by 1 percent or more between 2022 and 2050 because of a decrease in fertility levels.

由于生育率下降，预计在2022年至2050年期间，61个国家的人口数量将会减少1%或更多。

I'm Jonathan Evans.

乔纳森·埃文斯为您播报。