VOA新闻杂志2022 乌克兰东部城市斯拉维扬斯克面临缺水危机

The eastern Ukrainian city of Sloviansk has a severe shortage¹ of water.

乌克兰东部城市斯拉维扬斯克严重缺水。

Members of the city’s shrinking population must fill water containers by hand at public wells throughout the city.

这座城市不断减少的人口必须在全市各地的公共水井用手往容器里装水。

As guns and rockets fire, people go outside only long enough to get water at the pumps.

当枪炮和火箭弹发射时，人们外出的时间只够在水泵旁取水。

The pumps have been the city's only water source for more than two months.

两个多月来，这些水泵一直是该市唯一的水源。

Fighting between Ukrainian and Russian forces near the city in the Donetsk area has threatened access to important resources.

乌克兰和俄罗斯军队在位于顿涅茨克地区的该市附近的战斗威胁到重要资源的获取。

Residents have been cut off from gas and water for months.

居民的天然气和水供应已经被切断几个月了。

The water flows for now.

目前，水还在流动。

But many fear that by winter, the city could face a humanitarian² crisis³ once the pipes begin to freeze.

但许多人担心，到了冬天，一旦管道开始结冰，这座城市可能会面临一场人道主义危机。

Sloviansk sits just 12 kilometers from Russian-occupied territory.

斯拉维扬斯克距离俄罗斯占领的领土只有12公里。

“The water infrastructure⁴ was destroyed by the constant battles,” said Lyubov Mahlii.

柳博芙·马赫利说：“持续不断的战斗摧毁了供水基础设施。”

The 76-year-old woman gathers 20 liters of water twice a day from a public tank near her apartment.

这位76岁的妇女每天从其公寓附近的公共水箱取水两次，共20升。

"It’s a great risk for us, but what can we do?” she said.

她说：“这对我们来说是一个很大的风险，但我们能做什么呢？”

Only a fifth of the city's pre-war population of 100,000 remains⁵.

该市战前拥有10万人口，现在只剩下五分之一。

Local officials believe the water situation will only get worse once the weather gets cold.

当地官员认为，一旦天气变冷，供水情况只会变得更糟。

Locals fill their bottles with hand pumps or from plastic tanks at one of the five public wells.

当地人在五口公共水井中的一口井里用手泵水或从塑料水箱取水来装满瓶子。

They then carry them home in bicycle baskets or wheeled carts.

然后他们用自行车筐或轮式手推车把它们运回家。

Mahlii said she boils some water for at least 15 minutes to make sure it is safe to drink.

马赫利说，她把一些水煮沸至少15分钟，以确保可以安全饮用。

The rest is used for bathing, washing clothes and dishes, watering plants and taking care of a lost dog.

其余的水用于洗澡、洗衣服和洗碗、给植物浇水和照顾走失的狗。

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy issued an evacuation order to all residents of the Donetsk region at the end of July.

7月底，乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基向顿涅茨克地区所有居民发出撤离令。

But, Mahlii has not made plans to flee.

但是，马赫利没有打算逃跑。

“I don’t want to leave,” she said. “I will die here.”

“我不想离开，”她说。“我要死在这里。”

Another Sloviansk resident, 75-year-old Ninel Kyslovska, gathered water from a tank at a park on Sunday.

另一位斯拉维扬斯克居民，75岁的尼内尔·基斯洛夫斯卡，周日从一个公园里的水箱里取水。

She said the shortage had made her life much more difficult.

她说，水短缺让她的生活更加困难。

She blamed the local government for the lack of running water.

她把自来水匮乏归咎于当地政府。

She said Kramatorsk, just 10 kilometers to the south, still had running water in homes.

她说，克拉马托尔斯克，往南仅10公里的地方，居民家里仍然有自来水。

But that may be threatened once winter arrives, when the temperature drops to -20 degrees Celsius⁶, said Oleksandr Goncharenko.

但亚历山大·贡恰连科说，一旦冬天到来，气温降至零下20摄氏度，这可能会受到威胁。

He is the head of Kramatorsk's military administration.

他是克拉马托尔斯克军政府的负责人。

He said that places like Sloviansk and Kramatorsk — which also lack gas — had become “hostages of destroyed infrastructure.”

他说，像斯拉维扬斯克和克拉马托尔斯克这样缺乏天然气的地方已经成为“被摧毁的基础设施的人质”。

Goncharenko said Kramatorsk will empty water from city pipes that run into unheated buildings to prevent them from freezing and bursting.

贡恰连科说，克拉马托尔斯克将把进入没有供暖的建筑中的城市管道中的水排空，以防止它们结冰和破裂。

He said he does not think gas would be returned before winter.

他说，他认为在冬天之前不会重新供应天然气。

Ukrainian officials are still trying to persuade the remaining people in Donetsk to evacuate⁷.

乌克兰官员仍在试图说服顿涅茨克剩余的居民撤离。

The war's front line threatens to move further west.

这场战争的前线有可能会进一步向西推进。

And it will be very hard for people to live in the cold winters.

在寒冷的冬天，人们的生活将会非常艰难。

Officials in Kramatorsk plan to build more public wells to supply the remaining population.

克拉马托尔斯克的官员计划修建更多的公共水井，以满足剩余人口的需求。

But Goncharenko warned the water may not be of good quality.

但贡恰连科警告说，水质可能不好。

Mahlii has not made plans for what she will do once cold weather arrives.

马赫利还没有计划好一旦寒冷天气来临她会做什么。

But after 47 years in her Sloviansk apartment, she will face whatever difficulty.

但在斯拉维扬斯克的公寓里住了47年后，她将会面临任何困难。

“We are surviving by any means,” she said.

她说：“无论如何我们都会活下去”。

I’m Dan Novak.

丹·诺瓦克为您播报。

1 shortage   

n.缺少，缺乏，不足

参考例句：

• The city is suffering a desperate shortage of water.这个城市严重缺水。
• The heart of the problem is a shortage of funds.问题的关键是缺乏经费。

2 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

3 crisis   

n.危机，危急关头，决定性时刻，关键阶段

参考例句：

• He had proved that he could be relied on in a crisis.他已表明，在紧要关头他是可以信赖的。
• The topic today centers about the crisis in the Middle East.今天课题的中心是中东危机。

4 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

5 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

6 Celsius   

adj.摄氏温度计的，摄氏的

参考例句：

• The temperature tonight will fall to seven degrees Celsius.今晚气温将下降到七摄氏度。
• The maximum temperature in July may be 36 degrees Celsius.七月份最高温度可能达到36摄氏度。

7 evacuate   

v.遣送；搬空；抽出；排泄；大(小)便

参考例句：

• We must evacuate those soldiers at once!我们必须立即撤出这些士兵！
• They were planning to evacuate the seventy American officials still in the country.他们正计划转移仍滞留在该国的70名美国官员。