VOA新闻杂志2022 英国新任首相特拉斯接手经济烂摊子

Britain's Prime Minister Liz Truss is promising¹ new policies to deal with the country's economic problems.

英国首相利兹·特拉斯承诺出台新政策来解决该国的经济问题。

Here is what she had to say:

以下是她说过的话：

"I will deliver a bold plan to cut taxes and grow our economy. I will deliver on the energy crisis, dealing² with people's energy's bills, but also dealing with the long-term issues we have on energy supply. And I will deliver on the national health service."

“我将提出一个大胆的计划来减税和发展我们的经济。我将解决能源危机，解决人们的能源账单，以及能源供应方面的长期问题。我将推行（英国）国民医疗服务体系。”

Truss replaced Boris Johnson as the head of the Conservative Party after winning the party's leadership vote.

特拉斯在赢得保守党党首选举后，接替鲍里斯·约翰逊成为保守党党首。

Johnson agreed to step down earlier this year.

约翰逊今年早些时候同意辞职。

Truss officially took the position on Tuesday in a ceremony in Scotland with Queen Elizabeth II of England.

周二，特拉斯在苏格兰与英国女王伊丽莎白二世会面的仪式上正式就任这一职位。

Truss becomes Britain's third female Prime Minister, after Margaret Thatcher³ and Theresa May.

特拉斯成为继玛格丽特·撒切尔和特蕾莎·梅之后英国第三位女首相。

Truss became Prime Minister because her Conservative Party still holds the majority in Britain's Parliament.

特拉斯之所以能成为首相，是因为她所在的保守党在英国议会中仍占多数席位。

As the party's new leader, she takes over as prime minister without a general election.

作为该党的新领袖，她无需举行大选就能接任首相一职。

In her comments, Truss discussed a big concern of Britons: rising food and energy prices.

在她的评论中，特拉斯谈到了英国人的一大担忧：不断上涨的食品和能源价格。

The cost of fuel has gone up sharply in Great Britain over the last two years for two main reasons.

在过去的两年里，英国的燃料价格急剧上涨，主要有两个原因。

First, there has been higher demand for energy as businesses around the world started up again in 2021 after shutting down for much of 2020 for the COVID-19 pandemic.

首先，随着世界各地的企业在2020年因新冠疫情而关闭了大部分时间后，于2021年重新启动，它们的能源需求一直在上升。

Then, prices rose again in early 2022 when Russia invaded Ukraine, which reduced the supply of gas and oil coming from Russia.

其次，在2022年初，因俄罗斯入侵乌克兰导致来自俄罗斯的天然气和石油供应减少，价格再次上涨。

Many nations decided⁴ to restrict their business with Russia when the war started.

战争开始时，许多国家决定限制与俄罗斯的贸易往来。

That drove prices up.

这推高了价格。

Truss is Britain's fourth prime minister in six years.

特拉斯是英国六年来的第四任首相。

She said she will make a plan to deal with Britain's economic problems but continue to support Ukraine in its war with Russia.

她表示，她将制定一个计划来解决英国的经济问题，但会继续支持乌克兰对俄罗斯的战争。

She said one of her first phone calls in her new job will be with Ukrainian leader Volodymyr Zelenskyy.

她说，她上任后的第一通电话将是与乌克兰领导人弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基通话。

Truss is expected to use government money to help Britons who cannot pay their energy bills.

特拉斯预计将会使用政府资金帮助那些无法支付能源账单的英国人。

The plan is expected to come out Thursday and cost taxpayers⁵ over $116 billion.

该计划预计将于周四公布，将花费纳税人超过1160亿美元。

One British citizen discussed the new Prime Minister with the Associated Press outside the Houses of Parliament in London.

一名英国公民在伦敦议会大厦外与美联社讨论了新首相。

Rebecca Macdougal is 55 and works in law enforcement.

丽贝卡·麦克道格尔今年55岁，在执法部门工作。

She called the rising cost of living in Great Britain "really quite bad," and said Truss is making promises to "help the normal working person."

她称英国不断上涨的生活成本“真的很糟糕”，并表示特拉斯承诺要“帮助普通的劳动者”。

Macdougal wondered if Truss will be able to "deliver" on her promises.

麦克道格尔想知道特拉斯是否能“兑现”她的承诺。

The Conservative Party will likely be faced with calls for an early election from the opposition⁶ if Truss cannot ease some of the nation's economic concerns.

如果特拉斯不能缓解一些英国民众对国家经济的担忧，保守党可能会面临反对党要求提前举行选举的呼声。

Ed Davey is a leader of the Liberal Democrats⁷, a small opposition party.

埃德·戴维是小反对党自由民主党的领导人。

Davey said people are "really worried … losing sleep over their energy bills."

戴维说，人们“真的很担心……他们因为能源账单而失眠。”

Truss, however, does not have to call an election until late in 2024.

然而，特拉斯直到2024年底才需要举行选举。

As Johnson left as the government leader this week, he said he plans to re-enter private life “invisibly.”

本周，约翰逊在卸任英国政府领导人时说，他计划重新返回私生活，消失在公众的视野中。

However, political observers do not believe the man who was once London's mayor and the nation's prime minister will be able to fully⁸ disappear.

然而，政治观察人士不相信这位曾担任过伦敦市长和英国首相的人能够彻底消失。

Unlike Johnson, who was well-known before taking the top political job in Britain, many people are still learning about Truss, who entered parliament in 2010.

约翰逊在担任英国最高政治职位之前就已经名声大噪，与他不同的是，许多人仍在了解2010年进入议会的特拉斯。

She became foreign secretary, one of the British government's top jobs, just one year ago.

一年前，她成为外交大臣，这是英国政府的最高职位之一。

Another British citizen, Robert Conway, discussed Truss with an Associated Press reporter in London.

另一位英国公民罗伯特·康威在伦敦与美联社记者讨论了特拉斯。

He said she has "a big challenging job ahead of her."

他说，她“面临着一项极具挑战性的工作。”

Conway, 71, works in electronics manufacturing.

现年71岁的康威从事电子制造业。

He added "hopefully, she'll bring … a new team, a new start, but it's going to be a challenging job."

他还说：“希望她会带来一个新的团队，一个新的开始，但这将是一项具有挑战性的工作。”

I'm Dan Friedell.

丹·弗里德尔为您播报。

1 promising   

adj.有希望的，有前途的

参考例句：

• The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
• We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。

2 dealing   

n.经商方法，待人态度

参考例句：

• This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
• His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。

3 thatcher   

n.茅屋匠

参考例句：

• Tom Sawyer was in the skiff that bore Judge Thatcher. 汤姆 - 索亚和撒切尔法官同乘一条小艇。 来自英汉文学 - 汤姆历险
• Mrs. Thatcher was almost crazed; and Aunt Polly, also. 撒切尔夫人几乎神经失常，还有波莉姨妈也是。 来自英汉文学 - 汤姆历险

4 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

5 taxpayers   

纳税人，纳税的机构( taxpayer的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Finance for education comes from taxpayers. 教育经费来自纳税人。
• She was declaiming against the waste of the taxpayers' money. 她慷慨陈词猛烈抨击对纳税人金钱的浪费。

6 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

7 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。