VOA新闻杂志2022 数千移民汇集一墨西哥小镇给当地带来巨大压力

Migrants, especially Venezuelans, are struggling with a new United States policy meant to prevent border crossings.

移民，尤其是委内瑞拉移民，正在与美国旨在防止越境的新政策作斗争。

And many Venezuelan migrants trying to enter the U.S. are now stuck in a small town in southern Mexico.

许多试图进入美国的委内瑞拉移民现在被困在墨西哥南部的一个小镇上。

The town of San Pedro Tapanatepec had 7,000 migrants when The Associated Press visited at the beginning of October.

当美联社10月初访问圣佩德罗塔帕纳特佩克镇时，该镇有7000名移民。

About 75 percent were Venezuelans.

其中大约75%的移民是委内瑞拉人。

Just weeks later, Mayor¹ Humberto Parrazales estimated² the number was now 14,000.

仅仅几周后，市长温贝托·帕拉扎莱斯估计如今的移民人数为1.4万人。

The town has a population of just 15,000.

这个小镇只有1.5万人。

Many Venezuelans had planned to make their way to the U.S. border.

许多委内瑞拉移民曾计划前往美国边境。

But the new U.S. policy says only those applying online, and arriving by air, will be admitted.

但美国的新政策规定，只有那些在网上申请并乘坐飞机抵达美国的人才会被接纳。

Border crossers by foot will be expelled⁴.

徒步越境者将会被驱逐出境。

That leaves many living in Tapanatepec in five large tent shelters wondering what they will do next.

这让许多住在塔帕纳特佩克镇的五个大帐篷里的移民想知道他们下一步该怎么办。

San Pedro Tapanatepec is not where the migrants wanted to be.

圣佩德罗塔帕纳特佩克镇并不是这些移民想去的地方。

The town is about 300 kilometers from the border with Guatemala.

该镇距离危地马拉边境约300公里。

Since August, the town has served as a stop for migrants.

自8月以来，该镇一直是移民的一个停靠点。

They would wait there for a few days while Mexican immigration officials gave them a travel pass to make it to the U.S. border.

他们会在那里等几天，直到墨西哥移民官员给他们一张进入美国边境的旅行通行证。

But Parrazales said the process for giving out the passes has slowed down.

但帕拉扎莱斯表示，发放通行证的进程已经放缓。

Now many more migrants wait in Tapanatepec, a poor town unprepared for so many people.

如今，有更多的移民在塔帕纳特佩克镇等待，这个贫穷的小镇没有为这么多人做好准备。

“I don't understand anything," Venezuelan migrant Robinson Rodríguez said by phone from Tapanatepec.

委内瑞拉移民罗宾逊·罗德里格斯在塔帕纳特佩克镇接受电话采访时说：“我什么都不明白”。

“If everything at the border is closed, then they shouldn't be handing out these passes. And if you ask (the officials), they say they don't know, but they keep handing them out.”

“如果边境都关闭了，那么他们就不应该发放这些通行证。如果你问（官员），他们说他们不知道，但他们一直在分发通行证。”

The migrants do not have much time.

移民的时间不多了。

Rodríguez had received a seven-day travel document, which required him to leave Mexico within a week.

罗德里格斯收到了一份为期七天的旅行证件，要求他在一周内离开墨西哥。

But he had to use his time raising money to pay for transportation to the northern border.

但他必须得利用这段时间筹集资金，以支付前往北部边境的交通费。

But by the time he got the money, his pass had expired⁵.

但当他获得钱的时候，他的通行证已经过期了。

Many people are confused.

很多人感到很困惑。

Nicaraguan migrant Luis Martinica showed a paper with an internet link for Venezuelans to apply.

尼加拉瓜移民路易斯·马蒂尼卡展示了一份文件，上面有供委内瑞拉移民申请的互联网链接。

But he wondered if he, a Nicaraguan, would be expelled at the U.S. border.

但他想知道，他这个尼加拉瓜移民是否会在美国边境被驱逐出境。

Mayor Parrazales has his own problems.

帕拉扎莱斯市长有他自己的问题。

The town can no longer provide the electricity needed for the camp.

该镇无法再为移民营地提供其所需的电了。

Health care, cleaning and water are also problems.

医疗保健、清洁和水也是问题。

Still, migrants are bringing in some money to the town.

尽管如此，该镇还因为移民赚取了一些钱。

Parrazales said the town has seen about $15 million in extra business selling migrants food, places to sleep, medicine, taxi and bus rides.

帕拉扎莱斯说，该镇因向移民提供食物、住宿、药品以及出租车和公交车等服务而使得收入增加了约1500万美元。

He said they pay money to charge their phones.

他说，他们会花钱给手机充电。

Mexico has released⁶ about 77,000 passes to Venezuelans so far this year, mostly in the last three months.

今年到目前为止，墨西哥已经向委内瑞拉移民发放了大约7.7万张通行证，大部分是在过去三个月里发放的。

Because of political reasons, Venezuelans, like Cubans, are hard to expel³, both for Mexico and the United States.

由于政治原因，委内瑞拉移民和古巴移民一样，很难被墨西哥和美国驱逐出境。

Mexico's National Immigration Institute did not answer questions from the AP about how the camp will be operated following the new U.S. policy.

墨西哥国家移民研究所没有回答美联社提出的有关在美国新政策下移民营地将如何运作的问题。

“There is a big lack of information,” Parrazales said. “This is a pressure cooker I'm trying to contain here.”

帕拉扎莱斯说：“信息非常缺乏。这是我正试图在这里控制的危险局势。”

I’m Dan Novak.

丹·诺瓦克为您播报。

1 mayor   

n.市长

参考例句：

• The new mayor said he would clean the city up.新市长说，他要整顿本市。
• The mayor hurried into his office,brushing off the reporters.市长赶快走进办公室，拒不接见记者。

2 estimated   

adj．根据估计的

参考例句：

• She estimated the breadth of the lake to be 500 metres. 她估计湖面大约有500米宽。
• The man estimated for the repair of the car. 那人估算了修理汽车的费用。

3 expel   

vt.把...开除，驱逐，放逐，排出，喷出

参考例句：

• They were told at first that they should simply expel the refugees.一开始有人告诉他们应该直接将那些难民驱逐出境。
• The headmaster may expel the boy from the school.校长可能要把那个男孩从学校开除。

4 expelled   

驱逐( expel的过去式和过去分词 )； 赶走； 把…除名； 排出

参考例句：

• She was expelled from school at 15. 她15岁时被学校开除了。
• After the outbreak of fighting,all foreign journalists were expelled. 战斗开始后，所有的外国记者都被驱逐出境。

5 expired   

期满( expire的过去式和过去分词 )； 文件、协议等（因到期而）失效； 断气； 逝世

参考例句：

• The period of validity of the agreement has expired. 本协议的有效期已过。
• Their licences have expired. 他们的执照已到期。

6 released   

v.释放( release的过去式和过去分词 )；放开；发布；发行

参考例句：

• He was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
• With hindsight it is easy to say they should not have released him. 事后才说他们本不应该释放他，这倒容易。