VOA名师答疑2023 reserve, preserve和conserve的区别

Hello!

大家好!

This week on Ask a Teacher, we will answer a question about the difference between reserve, preserve, and conserve¹.

本周《名师答疑》，我们回答关于reserve、preserve、conserve之间有什么区别的问题。

Dear VOA Learning² English, I have been learning English for more than twenty years, but my English is still just okay.

亲爱的美国之音英语学习栏目，我已经学了二十多年的英语了，但我的英语还是一般。

I have many difficult words to understand.

我有很多难词要理解。

For example: reserve and preserve.

例如，reserve和preserve。

Please let me know the difference between these words.

请告诉我这两个词之间有什么区别。

Many thanks, Mei from China.

非常感谢，来自中国的梅。

Dear Mei, thanks for your note.

亲爱的梅，谢谢你的简短来信。

These words share similar meanings and sounds.

这两个词有相似的意思和发音。

That makes it hard to remember which is which.

让人很难记清哪个是哪个。

I will add a third word, “conserve” so that we understand all the differences between these terms.

我会加上第三个词conserve，以便我们理解这几个词语之间的所有区别。

Let’s start with “reserve.”

让我们从reserve说起。

Reserve can be a verb or a noun³.

它可以是动词，也可以是名词。

As a verb it means to store for future use.

作为动词，它的意思是储存以备将来使用。

Please call the restaurant and reserve a table for Saturday.

请给餐厅打个电话，预留一张星期六的桌子。

Emily reserved two books from the library.

艾米丽从图书馆预定了两本书。

As a noun, “reserve” means a supply of goods or materials.

作为名词，reserve指的是供应的货物或材料。

It is often used in plural⁴ form.

经常以复数形式使用。

The government says it has only $25 million in usable foreign reserves.

政府说只有2500万美元的可用外汇储备。

“Reserve” as a noun also means a place where wildlife is protected.

作为名词，reserve也表示野生动植物受到保护的地方。

Many national parks and forests in the US are nature reserves.

美国的许多国家公园和森林都是自然保护区。

And lastly, as an uncountable noun, “reserve” means the act of keeping one’s feelings hidden.

最后，作为不可数名词，reserve的表示隐藏感情的行为。

The dancer’s reserve disappeared when the music started.

音乐一响，舞者的内敛模样就消失了。

“Preserve” as a verb means to protect something from change.

preserve作为动词，意思是保护某物不受改变。

The glass case helps preserve the pictures of her ancestors.

这个玻璃柜有利于保存她祖先的照片。

Ed used a canning process to preserve tomatoes from the harvest.

埃德使用罐装的办法来保存收获的西红柿。

And, like reserve, a preserve can also mean a place of protection for wildlife.

而且，像reserve一样，preserve也可以表示保护野生动植物的地方。

To “conserve” means to protect something from harm, destruction⁵, loss, or change.

conserve的意思是保护某物不受伤害、不被破坏、不受损失或不被改变。

We conserved⁶ on energy use by putting in new windows.

我们装上了新窗户，节约了能源。

Conserve also means to use little of a natural resource.

conserve也表示使用很少的自然资源。

To conserve water, you should turn off the faucet⁷ when brushing your teeth.

为了节约用水，刷牙时应关掉水龙头。

And conserve can also be a noun.

conserve也可以是名词。

It means a sweet food made by preserving fruit with sugar.

意思是用糖保存水果而制成的甜食。

Please let us know if these explanations and examples are helpful.

请让我们知道这些解释和例子是否有帮助。

We have more in reserve, if needed!

如果需要的话，我们还有更多的储备内容！

And that’s Ask a Teacher.

以上就是本期《名师答疑》。

I’m Faith Pirlo.

我是费思·皮尔洛。

1 conserve   

vt.保存，保护，节约，节省，守恒，不灭

参考例句：

• He writes on both sides of the sheet to conserve paper.他在纸张的两面都写字以节省用纸。
• Conserve your energy,you'll need it!保存你的精力，你会用得着的！

2 learning   

n.学问，学识，学习；动词learn的现在分词

参考例句：

• When you are learning to ride a bicycle,you often fall off.初学骑自行车时，常会从车上掉下来。
• Learning languages isn't just a matter of remembering words.学习语言不仅仅是记些单词的事。

3 noun   

n.名词

参考例句：

• What kind of noun is this?这是哪类名词？
• This word is a collective noun.这个词是个集体名词。

4 plural   

n.复数；复数形式；adj.复数的

参考例句：

• Most plural nouns in English end in's '.英语的复数名词多以s结尾。
• Here you should use plural pronoun.这里你应该用复数代词。

5 destruction   

n.破坏，毁灭，消灭

参考例句：

• The enemy bombs caused widespread destruction.敌人的炸弹造成大面积的破坏。
• Overconfidence was his destruction.自负是他垮台的原因。

6 conserved   

v.保护，保藏，保存( conserve的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• He conserved his energy for the game. 他为比赛而养精蓄锐。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Under these conditions, the total mechanical energy remains constant, or is conserved. 在这种条件下，总机械能保持不变或机械能保存。 来自辞典例句

7 faucet   

n.水龙头

参考例句：

• The faucet has developed a drip.那个水龙头已经开始滴水了。
• She turned off the faucet and dried her hands.她关掉水龙头，把手擦干。