VOA新闻杂志2023 乌克兰南部大坝遭炸毁引发洪水

Officials on Wednesday brought drinking water and supplies to areas flooded by the collapse¹ of the Kakhovka dam in southern Ukraine.

周三，官员们向乌克兰南部因卡霍夫卡大坝坍塌而被淹没的地区运送了饮用水和补给品。

The dam collapsed² on Tuesday, causing thousands of people on both sides of the Dnieper River to flee their homes.

该大坝于周二坍塌，导致第聂伯河两岸数千人逃离家园。

The river is in the southern Kherson region.

这条河位于南部的赫尔松地区。

It separates Russian and Ukrainian military forces.

它将俄罗斯和乌克兰的军事力量分开。

Ukraine holds the western side, while Russia controls the eastern side.

乌克兰控制着西侧，俄罗斯控制着东侧。

The Russian side is lower and is more likely to be affected³ by flooding.

俄罗斯这侧地势较低，更有可能受到洪水的影响。

Officials say about 3,000 people have left flooded areas on both sides of the river.

官员们表示，大约3000人已经离开了河两岸被洪水淹没的地区。

However, the true size of the disaster is not yet clear.

然而，这场灾难的真实规模尚不清楚。

More than 60,000 people live in the affected areas.

超过6万人生活在受灾地区。

Officials in Russian-controlled areas said they evacuated⁴ almost 1,300 people.

俄罗斯控制区的官员表示，他们疏散了近1300人。

That compared to about 1,700 evacuated on the Ukrainian side where the population is larger.

相比之下，人口较多的乌克兰一侧约有1700人被疏散。

The large dam was built in 1956.

这座大坝建于1956年。

It is 30 meters tall and 3.2 kilometers long.

它高30米，长3.2公里。

It provides electricity and water for drinking and farming for a huge area of southern Ukraine.

它为乌克兰南部大片地区提供电、饮用水和农业用水。

It is also an important water supply for the Crimean Peninsula.

它也是克里米亚半岛的重要供水来源。

Russia seized the area in 2014 in a move not recognized by most Western nations.

2014年，俄罗斯占领了该地区，大多数西方国家都不承认这一举动。

The cause of the dam collapse is not clear.

该大坝坍塌的原因尚不清楚。

Ukrainian officials claim Russian forces blew up the dam.

乌克兰官员声称，俄罗斯军队炸毁了大坝。

They say the Russians did this to gain militarily in the war.

他们说，俄罗斯人这样做是为了在战争中获得军事优势。

Russia claims Ukraine destroyed the dam to cut off water to Crimea.

俄罗斯声称，乌克兰摧毁大坝是为了切断克里米亚的水源。

The Institute for the Study of War, a Washington, D.C. policy organization, said Russia has "a greater and clearer interest in flooding the lower Dnieper despite the damage to their own prepared defensive⁵ positions."

华盛顿特区的政策机构战争研究所表示，俄罗斯“在淹没第聂伯河下游方面有更大、更明确的兴趣，尽管这会破坏他们自己准备好的防御阵地”。

However, some experts said the dam might have collapsed because of damage from the war.

然而，一些专家表示，大坝坍塌可能是因为战争造成的破坏。

Less work has been done to keep it in good condition, and it has not produced electricity since November.

为使其保持良好状态而做的工作较少，而且自去年11月以来，它一直就没有发电。

Also, Britain's Ministry⁶ of Defense⁷ said water levels of the Dnieper River and the reservoir behind the dam had been at high levels in recent days.

此外，英国国防部表示，第聂伯河和大坝后面的水库的水位最近一直处于较高水平。

The Ministry warned that the dam is likely to become weaker over the next few days.

英国国防部警告称，大坝在未来几天可能会变得更弱。

It said this could add to the flooding.

英国国防部表示，这可能会加剧洪水。

People in Kherson held tightly⁸ to personal belongings⁹ as they walked through water in the streets or rode in boats.

赫尔松地区的人们在街上涉水行走或乘船时都紧紧抱着个人物品。

Video on social media showed rescuers carrying people to safety.

社交媒体上的视频显示，救援人员正在将人们转移到安全的地方。

President Volodymyr Zelenskyy said Ukraine will ask international organizations for help.

乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基表示，乌克兰将会向国际组织寻求帮助。

Wheat prices jumped 2.4 percent after the collapse.

小麦价格在暴跌后上涨了2.4%。

Ukraine and Russia are big suppliers of wheat, barley¹⁰, sunflower oil and other food to Africa, the Middle East and parts of Asia.

乌克兰和俄罗斯是非洲、中东和亚洲部分地区的小麦、大麦、葵花籽油和其他食品的主要供应国。

And both sides warned of environmental disaster from polluted waters, partly caused by oil leaking from the dam's machinery¹¹.

双方都警告称，受污染的水域造成了环境灾难，部分原因是大坝机械漏油。

I'm Andrew Smith.

安德鲁·史密斯为您播报。

1 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

2 collapsed   

adj.倒塌的

参考例句：

• Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
• The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。

3 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

4 evacuated   

撤退者的

参考例句：

• Police evacuated nearby buildings. 警方已将附近大楼的居民疏散。
• The fireman evacuated the guests from the burning hotel. 消防队员把客人们从燃烧着的旅馆中撤出来。

5 defensive   

adj.防御的；防卫的；防守的

参考例句：

• Their questions about the money put her on the defensive.他们问到钱的问题，使她警觉起来。
• The Government hastily organized defensive measures against the raids.政府急忙布置了防卫措施抵御空袭。

6 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

7 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

8 tightly   

adv.紧紧地，坚固地，牢固地

参考例句：

• My child holds onto my hand tightly while we cross the street.横穿马路时，孩子紧拉着我的手不放。
• The crowd pressed together so tightly that we could hardly breathe.人群挤在一起，我们几乎喘不过气来。

9 belongings   

n.私人物品，私人财物

参考例句：

• I put a few personal belongings in a bag.我把几件私人物品装进包中。
• Your personal belongings are not dutiable.个人物品不用纳税。

10 barley   

n.大麦，大麦粒

参考例句：

• They looked out across the fields of waving barley.他们朝田里望去,只见大麦随风摇摆。
• He cropped several acres with barley.他种了几英亩大麦。

11 machinery   

n.(总称)机械，机器；机构

参考例句：

• Has the machinery been put up ready for the broadcast?广播器材安装完毕了吗？
• Machinery ought to be well maintained all the time.机器应该随时注意维护。