VOA常速英语2013--国际消除针对妇女暴力日

 

UN Expresses Concern on International Day to End Violence Against Women 国际消除针对妇女暴力日

Monday, November 25, is International Day for the Elimination¹ of Violence against Women. The U.N. says gender²-based violence is a serious violation³ of human rights and increases the risk of HIV infection.

11月25日(星期一)是国际消除针对妇女暴力日，联合国称性别暴力是对人权的严重侵犯，还能增加感染艾滋病的危险。

The Joint⁴ United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS – UNAIDS – says every hour 50 young women become newly infected with HIV. Many of those infections are related to violence.

联合国艾滋病规划署说每小时就有50名年轻女性感染上艾滋病，许多感染都与暴力有关。

“Lots of the gender-based violence [is] sexually related. There is a lot of data right now showing that most of the violence against women happens in the context of intimate partner violence – domestic violence. And many times it takes the face of non-consensual sex, which is a polite way to say rape,” said Dr. Mariangela Simao is UNAIDS Director of Rights, Gender, Prevention and Mobilization.

Mariangela Simao博士是联合国艾滋病规划署人权、性别、预防和动员主任，“大多数与性别有关的暴力都与性有关，目前有大量数据表明大多数针对妇女的暴力是在家庭暴力下产生的，很多情况下是在不情愿下进行的，这是对强奸的委婉说法。”

Simao said gender-based violence is strongly linked to HIV/AIDS.

Simao是性别暴力与艾滋病和艾滋病毒很有关联。

“In some countries where there’s a high prevalence, it’s been shown that women who are subjected to intimate partner violence, sexual violence, are 50 percent more likely to be HIV positive than other women. The gender inequality, the gender disparity also, [do not] allow women to negotiate, for example, for safe sex. If, for example, they think that their partner’s been fooling around or being unfaithful in different situations, they [cannot] ask for him to use a condom.”

“在有的国家这种情况经常发生，事实表明那些遭受亲密伙伴暴力、性暴力的女性比其他女性表现艾滋病阳性的几率要高50%。性别不平等还使得妇女无法就性安全进行协商。比如，如果她们认为自己的伴侣在不同场合下不忠，她们不能要求他们使用安全套。”

Many sexworkers are also frequent victims of violence and are unable to have safe sex.

许多性工作者也通常是性暴力的受害者，也无法获得安全的性。

“There’s a recent report from WHO [World Health organization] that shows that one in every three women – that’s a global report, ok – experience physical or sexual violence by a partner in their lifetime. One out of three women. So it’s not a localized problem in developing countries or least developing countries. It’s a global problem,” she said.

“最近世界卫生组织的全球报告表明，每三个妇女中就有一人在一生中遭受过伴侣的身体或性暴力，每三个人就有一个这样。所以这不是发展中国家或欠发达国家的地方问题，而是全球问题。”

The World Health Organization report also said up to 45-percent of adolescent girls globally say their first sexual experience was forced. Violence against women includes coerced⁵ abortion⁶ and forced sterilization⁷.

世界卫生组织的报告称，全球多达45%的少女称自己的首次性经历是被迫的。针对妇女的暴力包括强迫堕胎和强迫绝育。

The UNAIDS official said that many times sexual or gender-based violence happens under the guise⁸ of culture or tradition.

联合国艾滋病规划署官员称性暴力通常是在文化或传统的掩盖下进行的。

“The right of women to live free of violence and inequities is a human right. And it shouldn’t be bound by culture and by norms that rule society that are unjust.”

“妇女免受暴力或不平等地生活的权利是人权，不应该受那些约束社会的不公正文化和规则所限制。”

She said empowering women would help end the violence. That begins with girls through education and an awareness⁹ of their rights. But she also says men must play a big role in solving the problem.

她说赋权妇女能帮助终结暴力，首先要教育女孩，提高她们的权利意识。但她说男人必须在解决这个问题上发挥重大作用。

That’s the other aspect because this is not a feminist¹⁰ battle. We should be fighting for social justice for a better society. And gender equality is paramount¹¹ for a better society.

还有这不是女性主义的阵地，我们应该为社会正义和更好的社会而战斗，性别平等对更好的社会来说至关重要。

Dr. Simao joined UNAIDS in 2010. She is the former Director of Brazil’s Department of Sexually Transmitted Diseases and AIDS.

Simao于2010年加入联合国艾滋病规划署，她曾是巴西性传播疾病和艾滋病部门主任。

1 elimination   

n.排除，消除，消灭

参考例句：

• Their elimination from the competition was a great surprise.他们在比赛中遭到淘汰是个很大的意外。
• I was eliminated from the 400 metres in the semi-finals.我在400米半决赛中被淘汰。

2 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。

3 violation   

n.违反(行为)，违背(行为)，侵犯

参考例句：

• He roared that was a violation of the rules.他大声说，那是违反规则的。
• He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。

4 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

5 coerced   

v.迫使做( coerce的过去式和过去分词 )；强迫；（以武力、惩罚、威胁等手段）控制；支配

参考例句：

• They were coerced into negotiating a settlement. 他们被迫通过谈判解决。
• He was coerced into making a confession. 他被迫招供。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 abortion   

n.流产，堕胎

参考例句：

• She had an abortion at the women's health clinic.她在妇女保健医院做了流产手术。
• A number of considerations have led her to have a wilful abortion.多种考虑使她执意堕胎。

7 sterilization   

n.杀菌，绝育；灭菌

参考例句：

• Sterilization by filtration is subject to one major theoretical limitation. 过滤灭菌具有一个理论上的局限性。 来自辞典例句
• Sterilization is a treatment that frees the treated object of all living organisms. 灭菌处理是从处理对象排除一切生活的生物。 来自辞典例句

8 guise   

n.外表，伪装的姿态

参考例句：

• They got into the school in the guise of inspectors.他们假装成视察员进了学校。
• The thief came into the house under the guise of a repairman.那小偷扮成个修理匠进了屋子。

9 awareness   

n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智

参考例句：

• There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
• Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

10 feminist   

adj.主张男女平等的，女权主义的

参考例句：

• She followed the feminist movement.她支持女权运动。
• From then on,feminist studies on literature boomed.从那时起，男女平等受教育的现象开始迅速兴起。

11 paramount   

a.最重要的，最高权力的

参考例句：

• My paramount object is to save the Union and destroy slavery.我的最高目标是拯救美国，摧毁奴隶制度。
• Nitrogen is of paramount importance to life on earth.氮对地球上的生命至关重要。