VOA标准英语2013--对埃及裁决者不同的看法

 

Egyptians Polarized Over Top Ruling General 对埃及裁决者不同的看法

CAIRO — Egyptian General Abdel Fattah el-Sissi has emerged as the key leader in the interim¹ military government.  The general rose from obscurity, was chosen by then-President Mohamed Morsi to lead the armed forces last year, and went on to unseat him.

开罗——埃及的塞西将军（Abdel Fattah el-Sissi ）已成为临时军政府的主要领导。塞西将军去年被当时的总统穆罕默德·穆尔西选中去领导武装力量，然后默默无闻的崛起，最终取代了默罕默德总统。

To millions of Egyptians, the savior of the nation, the man who ousted² President Mohamed Morsi, checked the threat of unbridled Islamism and steered³ Egypt back to its true path.

对于埃及大众来说，他就是这个国家的救世主，他驱逐了穆罕默德·穆尔西总统，解除了不收控制的伊斯兰教的威胁，并且他让埃及重新走上了正确的道路。

Massive banners of the general dominate rallies, as supporters chant his name.  Outside a tent in Tahrir square, woodcarver Ali el-Gazzar turned el-Sissi's image into a sculpture.

支持者们反复地喊叫着他的名字，在占主导地位的集会中拉起了大量的横幅。在塔里尔广场的帐篷外，木雕家Ali el-Gazzar为塞西将军铸了一座雕塑。

 “Thanks be to God to General el-Sissi,” he said, adding there would have been a civil war if God hadn't wanted him to exterminate⁴ terrorism.  

Ali说：“感谢神一般的塞西将军！如果不是上帝让他消灭了恐怖主义，国内一定会有一场大战的。”

Since el-Sissi has come to dominate the political landscape, “terrorism" has become a code word for Morsi and his supporters, hunkered down in encampments in Cairo and around the country.  

自从塞西将军开始绘制他的政治蓝图，影响了开罗及全国各地人们露营的“恐怖主义”就成为了穆尔西和他的支持者的标签。

So it's not surprising the the ex-president's Islamist base takes a different view of the general.

所以，前总统的伊斯兰教基础选民对将军刮目相看也是很自然的事情了。

The same el-Sissi images can be seen in those encampments, only with a noose⁵ superimposed around his neck.

在这些露营地周围也可以看到塞西将军的画像，他的脖子上还套着一个套索。

Former air force officer Ibrahim Suilam said there's a “cult of Sissi”. He finds the supporters' blind adoration⁶ appalling⁷.

前空军官员Ibrahim Suilam说他发现支持者们对塞西将军有一种令人恐怖的盲目崇拜。

"The photos are propaganda and they make me feel disgusted," Suilam said adding that he's reminded that there is a person “who has stolen my will, stolen my freedom and killed my brothers.”

Suilam说：“塞西将军的宣传照片让我感到恶心。”他觉得这个人“偷走了我的希望，窃取了我的自由，杀害了我的兄弟”

El-Sissi was a virtual unknown when Morsi picked him as defense⁸ minister last year.  At 58, el-Sissi was a relatively⁹ fresh face compared to the old guard military council that had continued to exert its influence even after Egypt's first freely-elected president came to power.

实际上，穆尔西总统去年提拔他为国防部长的时候他还鲜为人知。保守派军事委员会在埃及的第一任自由选举产生的总统掌权后还发挥了重要的作用，而58岁的塞西和它相比还是一个新面孔。

But el-Sissi's allegiances were initially¹⁰ unclear. He said nothing when Morsi assumed extraordinary powers to push through a new constitution  - one that protected the powerful interests of the military.

信仰

但是塞西最初的政治信仰很不清晰。当穆尔西在他权利范围之外推行一部保护军队利益的新宪法的时候，他一言不发。

And when el-Sissi said in April that “the hand that harms any Egyptian must be cut,” both pro- and anti-Morsi forces felt he was their man.

在四月的时候，塞西说“任何伤害埃及人民的手都必须被砍掉”，支持穆尔西和反对穆尔西的人们都认为他是自己阵营的。

Then, on July 3, after days of mass protests against Morsi, the president was out, and General el-Sissi was seen as a future president.

然后，在6月3号，在举行了大量的反穆尔西总统活动数日后，穆尔西下台了，而塞西将军被当做了下一任的总统。

Details of the military's concerns about the Islamist president have since emerged.  They lend some credence¹¹ to accusations¹² of behind the scenes meetings with anti-Morsi protesters who were fed up with increasing Islamism and a collapsing¹³ economy.

自那之后，出现了许多军队关心的伊斯兰总统的细节问题。反对穆尔西的示威者们被越来越多的伊斯兰教和崩毁的经济弄垮了，这些细节问题使军队相信了和示威者们幕后会议的指责。

The military, which has vast business interests - some estimates are as high as a quarter of Egypt's output - saw it's domain¹⁴ in jeopardy¹⁵ as well.

军队有着和埃及大约四分之一的输出相同的巨大的商业利益，他们也意识到了国家的领土正处于危险的境地。

History repeats itself 

历史重演

And in Egypt, it is an easy leap to imagine a military forays into politics.

在埃及，武装力量影响政治是很常见的。

From General Gamal Abdel Nasser, who led a coup¹⁶ against the monarchy¹⁷, to Anwar Sadat and Hosni Mubarak, military men have ruled Egypt.

Gamal Abdel Nasser将军曾领导了一场反对君主政治的政变，从他开始，直到Anwar Sadat将军和Hosni Mubarak将军，军人一直统治着埃及。

Even when frustration¹⁸ with Mubarak  led to his ouster - people welcomed The Supreme¹⁹ Military Council as their interim ruler.

即使穆巴拉克在人民对他的失望中下台，人们还是希望最高军事委员会暂时掌管国家。

Morsi was an aberration²⁰ -  a member of an outsider group propelled by the ballot²¹ box to highest office, though he too resorted to tactics outside the lines of democracy.

穆尔西是一个意外，他并不是最高军事委员会的人，他被选举进入了最高机构，但他太依赖于民主之外的政策了。

It's a distressing²² dynamic for some, which keeps ordinary Egyptians removed from the workings of government.  Human rights researcher Priyanka Motaparthy.

人权研究员Priyanka Motaparthy认为，这种动态对于一些阻止普通埃及人民参与政府工作的人来说十分不安。

“Going forward, input²³ on these vital documents that are going to shape the face of Egyptian public life - the constitution, the right to demonstrate, the right to free media - all these need to be drafted and revised incorporating civil society's voice,” said Priyanka Motaparthy of Human Rights Watch.

人权观察Priyanka Motaparthy说：“展望未来，起草和修订那些将会塑造埃及公共生活面貌的重要文件必须结合民间社会的声音，这些文件包括宪法，游行的权利和言论自由的权利。

As the adulation of el-Sissi continues in some quarters, it remains²⁴ unknown whether he will give meaningful power to the people, or whether it will have to be reclaimed²⁵ again. 

由于在一些方面还有对塞西将军的崇拜，我们还不知道他会给人民真正的权利还是维持原状。

1 interim   

adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间

参考例句：

• The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
• It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。

2 ousted   

驱逐( oust的过去式和过去分词 )； 革职； 罢黜； 剥夺

参考例句：

• He was ousted as chairman. 他的主席职务被革除了。
• He may be ousted by a military takeover. 他可能在一场军事接管中被赶下台。

3 steered   

v.驾驶( steer的过去式和过去分词 )；操纵；控制；引导

参考例句：

• He steered the boat into the harbour. 他把船开进港。
• The freighter steered out of Santiago Bay that evening. 那天晚上货轮驶出了圣地亚哥湾。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 exterminate   

v.扑灭，消灭，根绝

参考例句：

• Some people exterminate garden insects by spraying poison on the plants.有些人在植物上喷撒毒剂以杀死花园内的昆虫。
• Woodpeckers can exterminate insect pests hiding in trees.啄木鸟能消灭躲在树里的害虫。

5 noose   

n.绳套，绞索（刑）；v.用套索捉；使落入圈套；处以绞刑

参考例句：

• They tied a noose round her neck.他们在她脖子上系了一个活扣。
• A hangman's noose had already been placed around his neck.一个绞刑的绳圈已经套在他的脖子上。

6 adoration   

n.爱慕，崇拜

参考例句：

• He gazed at her with pure adoration.他一往情深地注视着她。
• The old lady fell down in adoration before Buddhist images.那老太太在佛像面前顶礼膜拜。

7 appalling   

adj.骇人听闻的，令人震惊的，可怕的

参考例句：

• The search was hampered by appalling weather conditions.恶劣的天气妨碍了搜寻工作。
• Nothing can extenuate such appalling behaviour.这种骇人听闻的行径罪无可恕。

8 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

9 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

10 initially   

adv.最初，开始

参考例句：

• The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
• Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。

11 credence   

n.信用，祭器台，供桌，凭证

参考例句：

• Don't give credence to all the gossip you hear.不要相信你听到的闲话。
• Police attach credence to the report of an unnamed bystander.警方认为一位不知姓名的目击者的报告很有用。

12 accusations   

n.指责( accusation的名词复数 )；指控；控告；（被告发、控告的）罪名

参考例句：

• There were accusations of plagiarism. 曾有过关于剽窃的指控。
• He remained unruffled by their accusations. 对于他们的指控他处之泰然。

13 collapsing   

压扁[平]，毁坏，断裂

参考例句：

• Rescuers used props to stop the roof of the tunnel collapsing. 救援人员用支柱防止隧道顶塌陷。
• The rocks were folded by collapsing into the center of the trough. 岩石由于坍陷进入凹槽的中心而发生褶皱。

14 domain   

n.(活动等)领域，范围；领地，势力范围

参考例句：

• This information should be in the public domain.这一消息应该为公众所知。
• This question comes into the domain of philosophy.这一问题属于哲学范畴。

15 jeopardy   

n.危险；危难

参考例句：

• His foolish behaviour may put his whole future in jeopardy.他愚蠢的行为可能毁了他一生的前程。
• It is precisely at this juncture that the boss finds himself in double jeopardy.恰恰在这个关键时刻，上司发现自己处于进退两难的境地。

16 coup   

n.政变；突然而成功的行动

参考例句：

• The monarch was ousted by a military coup.那君主被军事政变者废黜了。
• That government was overthrown in a military coup three years ago.那个政府在3年前的军事政变中被推翻。

17 monarchy   

n.君主，最高统治者；君主政体，君主国

参考例句：

• The monarchy in England plays an important role in British culture.英格兰的君主政体在英国文化中起重要作用。
• The power of the monarchy in Britain today is more symbolical than real.今日英国君主的权力多为象徵性的，无甚实际意义。

18 frustration   

n.挫折，失败，失效，落空

参考例句：

• He had to fight back tears of frustration.他不得不强忍住失意的泪水。
• He beat his hands on the steering wheel in frustration.他沮丧地用手打了几下方向盘。

19 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

20 aberration   

n.离开正路，脱离常规，色差

参考例句：

• The removal of the chromatic aberration is then of primary importance.这时消除色差具有头等重要性。
• Owing to a strange mental aberration he forgot his own name.由于一种莫名的精神错乱，他把自己的名字忘了。

21 ballot   

n.（不记名）投票，投票总数，投票权；vi.投票

参考例句：

• The members have demanded a ballot.会员们要求投票表决。
• The union said they will ballot members on whether to strike.工会称他们将要求会员投票表决是否罢工。

22 distressing   

a.使人痛苦的

参考例句：

• All who saw the distressing scene revolted against it. 所有看到这种悲惨景象的人都对此感到难过。
• It is distressing to see food being wasted like this. 这样浪费粮食令人痛心。

23 input   

n.输入(物)；投入；vt.把(数据等)输入计算机

参考例句：

• I will forever be grateful for his considerable input.我将永远感激他的大量投入。
• All this information had to be input onto the computer.所有这些信息都必须输入计算机。

24 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

25 reclaimed   

adj.再生的；翻造的；收复的；回收的v.开拓( reclaim的过去式和过去分词 )；要求收回；从废料中回收（有用的材料）；挽救

参考例句：

• Many sufferers have been reclaimed from a dependence on alcohol. 许多嗜酒成癖的受害者已经被挽救过来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• They reclaimed him from his evil ways. 他们把他从邪恶中挽救出来。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》