VOA常速英语2015--美联储加息可能性很大

美联储加息可能性很大

Until the recent stock turmoil¹ triggered by the slowdown in China, many expected a September rate hike. But uncertainty² over global economic growth muddied the waters. Even job numbers showing U.S. unemployment at a seven-year low have not eased concerns, says Bankrate.com’s Mark Hamrick on Skype.

由于中国经济放缓导致全球股市震动，业内人士预测9月将上调利率。然而，却让全球经济增长的不稳定性搅了局。Bankrate公司专家马克·哈姆里克在Skype上称，尽管美国失业人口达到了7年以来的最低值，但这并没有缓解人们对它的担心程度。

“This August jobs report neither flashes a green light for the Federal Reserve to raise interest rates, nor does it flash a red light. Meaning, that it is still in this caution zone,”

8月份的就业报告既没有让联邦储蓄为增加利率而亮绿灯，也没有亮红灯。这就说明它仍然在警戒线以内。

The caution reflects the Fed’s dual³ mandate,full employment and stable prices. Hiking rates too soon could spark deflation and its ripple⁴ effects says Joseph Minarik, head of research at the Committee for Economic Development.

这样的担心反映了联邦储蓄的“双重使命”，稳定价格，充分就业。经济发展委员会研究部主任约瑟夫·米纳雷克称，增加利率将导致通货膨胀等一系列连锁反应。

If the Federal Reserve raises interest rates too quickly and too much and deters⁵ demand, particularly for major purchases in the economy, the result can be a cascading⁶ reduction – starting with consumer demand, going on to employment.

如果联邦储蓄立即增加利率，这将抑制消费需求，特别是减少主要采购量，其结果将会是消费需求的锐减，其次是就业人口。

The International Monetary⁷ Fund urges the Fed to wait until at least next year.

国际货币基金组织敦促联邦储蓄要至少等到明年才可以上调利率。

IMF William Murray：We continue to believe that the Federal Reserve can afford to hold interest rates low until there are more tangible⁸ signs of wage or price inflation.

在此次商业周期结束之前，联邦储蓄需要将联邦基金保持在200基点或以上的范围（2%），所以，当经济衰退到来时，它们将提供支持。

But delay also carries risks. Among them, few policy options when the U.S. economy hits another downturn says Joe Brusuelas, a financial consulting firm McGladrey.

但是，这样做也存在风险。McGladrey财务咨询公司首席经济学家Joe Brusuelas称，如果美国经济再遇低迷，那么相应的政策选择将少之又少。

“The Fed needs, before this business cycle ends, to get the Federal Funds rate somewhere at or above 200 basis points (2 percent), so when the inevitable⁹ recession comes, they can have firepower.”

在此次商业周期结束之前，联邦储蓄需要将联邦基金保持在200基点或以上的范围（2%），所以，当经济衰退到来时，它们将提供支持。

But the Fed is keeping all options open. That's a worry for a market that likes certainty, says Maria Fiorini Ramirez at consulting firm MFR.

Maria Fiorini Ramirez公司称，但是联邦储蓄依旧拥有如此多的选择。那么，这对于喜欢稳定的经济市场来说前景担忧。

We’ve all been on pins and needles in terms of when they’re going to do it," "So either they should say that because of weaker growth and all the other reasons that they eloquently¹⁰ discuss, say that 'we’re not going to do anything' or just do it and say: 'this is it for now.'

就他们何时采取行动，我们总会坐立不安。所以，不管他们是因为经济疲软，还是其他不采取措施的原因，也或者会说现在就要采取行动。

 

Anyone seeking clarity will have to wait. No announcement is expected until after members of the Federal Open Market Committee meet September 16 and 17.

所有人都在等待事情明了化。9月16-17日，联邦公开市场委员会委员将召开会议，在这之前或将不会发表任何声明。

1 turmoil   

n.骚乱，混乱，动乱

参考例句：

• His mind was in such a turmoil that he couldn't get to sleep.内心的纷扰使他无法入睡。
• The robbery put the village in a turmoil.抢劫使全村陷入混乱。

2 uncertainty   

n.易变，靠不住，不确知，不确定的事物

参考例句：

• Her comments will add to the uncertainty of the situation.她的批评将会使局势更加不稳定。
• After six weeks of uncertainty,the strain was beginning to take its toll.6个星期的忐忑不安后，压力开始产生影响了。

3 dual   

adj.双的；二重的，二元的

参考例句：

• The people's Republic of China does not recognize dual nationality for any Chinese national.中华人民共和国不承认中国公民具有双重国籍。
• He has dual role as composer and conductor.他兼作曲家及指挥的双重身分。

4 ripple   

n.涟波，涟漪，波纹，粗钢梳；vt.使...起涟漪，使起波纹； vi.呈波浪状，起伏前进

参考例句：

• The pebble made a ripple on the surface of the lake.石子在湖面上激起一个涟漪。
• The small ripple split upon the beach.小小的涟漪卷来，碎在沙滩上。

5 deters   

v.阻止，制止( deter的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• The filth here deters all but the invited guest. 这里污秽不堪，除非有事，外人是裹足不前的。 来自辞典例句
• Many people believe that capital punishment deters crime. 很多人相信极刑能阻止犯罪。 来自互联网

6 cascading   

流注( cascade的现在分词 )； 大量落下； 大量垂悬； 梯流

参考例句：

• First of all, cascading menus are to be avoided at all costs. 首先，无论如何都要避免使用级联菜单。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
• Her sounds began cascading gently. 他的声音开始缓缓地低落下来。

7 monetary   

adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的

参考例句：

• The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
• Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。

8 tangible   

adj.有形的，可触摸的，确凿的，实际的

参考例句：

• The policy has not yet brought any tangible benefits.这项政策还没有带来任何实质性的好处。
• There is no tangible proof.没有确凿的证据。

9 inevitable   

adj.不可避免的，必然发生的

参考例句：

• Mary was wearing her inevitable large hat.玛丽戴着她总是戴的那顶大帽子。
• The defeat had inevitable consequences for British policy.战败对英国政策不可避免地产生了影响。

10 eloquently   

adv. 雄辩地(有口才地, 富于表情地)

参考例句：

• I was toasted by him most eloquently at the dinner. 进餐时他口若悬河地向我祝酒。
• The poet eloquently expresses the sense of lost innocence. 诗人动人地表达了失去天真的感觉。